The MINI software factory: Development of kernel mechanisms around process modeling and software bus techniques

The global evolution of software development leads to large projects involving many people. Organizing these people is a big challenge for software engineering. The ESF (Eureka Software Factory) program, funded by a number of European countries, relies on the idea of a software factory for improving the productivity and the quality of software development. The MINI is a software factory prototype. Based on the principles and the architecture defined by the ESF project, the MINI factory intends to demonstrate the cooperation of users involved in the management, production, and support of software development. Built from a set of heterogeneous and dissimilar components or tools, the MINI factory provides an integrated and coherent environment available for each actor of the software production. The MINI factory allows us to look at the users' daily activities within the context of a software factory, as well as at the integration mechanisms used to build such an environment.     

INFOHARNESS: managing distributed, heterogeneous information

Today, important information is scattered in so many places, formats, and media, that getting the right information at the right time and place is an extremely difficult task. Developing a single software product, for example, includes the creation of documents ranging from the requirements specification and project schedules to marketing presentations, multimedia tutorials, and more. Each document may be created by a different person using a different tool, and each may be stored in a different place. InfoHarness is an information integration system, platform, and tool set that addresses these problems, managing huge amounts of herterogeneous information in a distributed environment. Through a powerful, consistent user interface, InfoHarness provides rapid search of and access to information assets including documents and parts of documents, mail messages, images, code files, video clips, Web pages with URLs, InfoHarness queries, and views of relational tables. The system makes all these artifacts available without relocating, restructuring, or reformatting the data     

数字化工厂技术在生产线规划中的应用

以分析数字化工厂技术的应用效果为目的,讨论虚拟环境中的生产线规划,介绍数字化工厂软件eM-Power,并举例说明在其生产线仿真优化工具eM-Plant环境下进行生产线建模仿真、分析瓶颈设备的过程,证明数字化工厂技术在制造业领域的良好应用前景.     

Software product roadmapping in a volatile business environment

Product roadmapping enhances the product development process by enabling early information and long-term decision making about the products in order to deliver the right products to the right markets at the right time. However, relatively little scientific knowledge is available on the application and usefulness of product roadmapping in software product development context. This study develops a framework for software product roadmapping, which is then used to study the critical aspects of the product roadmapping process. The collection of empirical evidence includes both quantitative and qualitative data which sheds further insight into the complexities involved in product roadmapping. Results revealed that organizations view the product roadmap mainly as a tool for strategic decision making as it aims at showing the future directions of the company's products. However, only a few companies appear to have an explicit approach for handling the mechanisms for creating and maintaining such a roadmap. Finally, it is suggested that the strategic importance of product roadmapping is likely to increase in the future and, as a conclusion, a new type of agility is required in order to survive in the turbulent and competitive software business environment.     

工作流管理的现状和未来趋势

工作流管理是一个新兴的研究领域,被誉为信息系统的后勤,它让合适的人或软件在恰当的时间执行正确的工作,使计算机上的业务处理流程自动化。本文用历史的观点对工作流管理的发展历程进行了回顾,揭示了工作流管理对未来信息系统的影响。根据分析当前的工作流管理系统,我们总结了两个主要不足之处;（1）工作流管理系统的定义不明确以及缺乏统一的概念模型,（2）工作流管理系统的系统结构和能力上的不足,并对工作流管理的未来发展趋势从建模和实施两个方面进行了预测。     

抽象工厂设计模式在MIS 中的应用

本文从设计模式出发,分析了抽象工厂模式（Abstract Factory Pattem）的优缺点,研究了抽象工厂设计模式在分层分布式系统中的应用,并将抽象工厂设计模式应用于管理信息系统（MIS）中。抽象工厂模式为系统结构提供了非常灵活强大的动态扩展机制,能够降低模块间的耦合性,更好的实现软件复用。     

家电产品CAD系统

文中介绍了在企业中已获得应用的ＣＡＤ系统，并叙述了网络ＣＡＤ应用环境及应用效果，文中介绍了图库管理和图库维护系统软件具有多种实用功能和良好的用户界面，此软件对所有企业都具有广泛的推广和使用价值。     

An expanded SEMATECH CIM framework for heterogeneous applications integration

A significant effort in recent computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) development was carried out by SEMATECH who had laid out and created an open framework for the integration of manufacturing execution system applications running in semiconductor industries at the factory operation level. This paper presents the feasibility to incorporate basic manufacturing applications at the factory engineering level, which include product design, process planning, and material requirement planning, into the SEMATECH CIM framework to form a generic framework across both factory operation level and factory engineering level. The CIM framework established in this paper was aimed to provide a reusable integrated system framework that clearly specifies the functional interface boundaries and standard information model of the required components, in general, manufacturing systems at both factory operation and factory engineering levels. Standard unified modeling language (UML) diagrams and Petri nets have been utilized to model and analyze the specifications and dynamic behaviors of this generic CIM framework. The goal is to build a framework by creating a common, modular, flexible, and integrated object model that unifies an advanced object-oriented architecture concept and heterogeneous manufacturing application development in an open and multisupplier CIM system environment.     

基于ARM9的嵌入式工业锅炉控制系统设计

本文根据锅炉厂的需求进行软硬件分析设计,开发一个基于ARM9的嵌入式工业锅炉控制系统,对原锅炉控制系统进行多方面扩展.系统选用工业级芯片AT91RM9200为EMPU,围绕其进行硬件系统的设计;以嵌入式Linux为操作系统来实现开发环境的建立;MiniGUI为图形用户界面支持系统,在此基础上进行应用程序的研发.     

Growth, crisis and future of the factory

The process of industrialization in the 19th century was coupled with the existence of the factory. The organization of the work within factories through the combination of manual and mechanical activities led to a substantial productivity increase and a significant improvement in living standards. The satisfaction of basic needs and consumer demands led initially to the refinement of products and production processes; while at a later stage they contributed to the crisis of the factory. Presumably a new period of growth for the factory starts due to the thrust of innovation in the information technology. The key element of the future production renewal is the computer integrated and flexible automated factory of the future, which provides a continuous production flow and ties together energy, materials and information. Substantial parts of the computer integrated production are communication networks, intelligent generation systems, computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided planning (CAP), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), computer-aided quality control (CAQ) and stimulation systems. These combine intelligent machine-tools, intelligent robots, intelligent assembly machines, intelligent inspection machines and intelligent means of transportation within the factory of the future. The artificial intelligence and the possibility of remote control due to the developments in the information technology are the prerequisites for the setting-up of new production schemes. Next to the central organized factories, new decentralized production structures can be developed which would make possible drastic changes in the social life.     

Security and privacy in sensor networks

Sensor networks offer economically viable solutions for a variety of applications. For example, current implementations monitor factory instrumentation, pollution levels, freeway traffic, and the structural integrity of buildings. Other applications include climate sensing and control in office buildings and home environmental sensing systems for temperature, light, moisture, and motion. Sensor networks are key to the creation of smart spaces, which embed information technology in everyday home and work environments. The miniature wireless sensor nodes, or motes, developed from low-cost off-the-shelf components at the University of California, Berkeley, as part of its smart dust projects, establish a self-organizing sensor network when dispersed into an environment. The privacy and security issues posed by sensor networks represent a rich field of research problems. Improving network hardware and software may address many of the issues, but others will require new supporting technologies.     

一种基于软件Agent面向Web Services的工作平台

构造了基于软件Agent面向Web Services的工作平台（JAWS平台）。介绍了JAWS平台的设计思想和整体构成,并分析了平台中各个组成部分以及它们之间的关系,给出了平台中web Services的执行流程。在此平台中,软件Agent是一个自治的代表用户利益的实体,软件Agent独立与用户交互,查询满足用户需求的Web Services,并将其组成复合服务。在复合服务执行过程中,由软件Agent在恰当的时间逐一触发复合服务中的web Services,并监视其执行过程,控制平台的一切行为。由于采用了软件Agent技术,JAWS平台具有了自主性、智能性、开放性。     

基于Rijndael对称加密的软件加密方法研究

为保护软件的版权,维护正版软件版权所有者的合法权益,需对软件进行加密.提出一种能够把软件绑定到特定计算机上的方法,实现过程运用Rijndael对称加密算法,根据计算机的硬件信息产生注册码作为对用户的授权,软件安装时将注册信息写入注册表.软件运行时通过检查注册表中相关信息来判断该计算机的所有者是否购买了注册码,以此达到保...     

基于奇异摄动理论的植物工厂温度控制

通过研究植物工厂与作物系统,结合非线性奇异摄动理论相关理论对植物工厂内部环境进行控制。首先阐述了基于能量角度对植物工厂与作物结合的动态模型描述各个系统状态变量之间的关系,然后建立了关于温度的最优控制模型,并将最优控制模型进行一般公式化。基于奇异摄动理论将非线性植物工厂与作物系统分解成快慢系统。利用系统中的双重时间尺度,分别设计出慢子系统和快子系统的成本函数。最后通过MATLAB软件进行仿真,得出最优控制曲线,结果表明得出的控制器能有效地控制植物工厂内部温度,并能保证对植物工厂加热时间最短,以实现植物工厂收益最高。     

Factory Concepts and Practices in Software Development

This paper reviews the introduction of factory concepts and practices, based on tools and methods from the evolving field of software engineering, at major software producers, in particular those that explicitly adopted the factory label to describe their software facilities or approach to software development: Hitachi, Toshiba, NEC, and Fujitsu in Japan, as well as System Development Corporation in the United States. The other United States firm discussed in detail is International Business Machines, which, without adopting the factory label, introduced numerous measures to organize and control software development, especially basic software. The paper emphasizes that the difficulty of the technology, shortages of skilled engineers, and large-scale projects have encouraged producers to become more systematic or factory-like in managing a series of projects, even though some characteristics of the technology and the industry have made software seem difficult to control and more suitable to a loosely structured project-centered or craft approach to development.     

Expert systems: An application in flexible manufacturing

Flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) are needed to provide manufacturing operations with the capability to adjust, in real time, to changes in the manufacturing environment. Realization of the goals of flexible manufacturing is governed by the ability of the FMS to maintain adequate information on the factory to assist in generating scenarios from product planning to operations and performance. This leads to a view where the factory is represented as an integrated information system. To facilitate the analysis of information requirements and the design of information systems for flexible manufacturing, an expert support system (ESS) which can be used to model and study the various structures is described. This ESS uses the information cell model to build these information structures. Petri net representations of these structures and their interactions are then constructed. The ESS may now be used to exercise these models and study their performance using time and cost measures.     

工作流信息图示模型的分析与改进

以往的工作流信息图示模型只有当前节点状态,且图示信息种类扩充困难,因此用户无法全面掌握流程进展情况,当流程需要用户参与选择时,用户就难于选择合适的下一环节或流程,且现存模型在设计上存在层次不清、程序难于维护的缺点。基于上述考虑,本文提出了一个改进的模型。新模型在原有模型基础上增加了同级节点状态和历史节点状态,并结合软件设计理论对模型的设计进行了优化,极大降低了软件层间耦合度。改进后的模型使软件层次分明、易于维护,可有效应对需求变更,使得软件在不改变程序结构的前提下,方便地增加图示信息种类,以向用户提供丰富的流程信息。经实际应用表明,这种模型可有效地提高开发效率,提供丰富的图示信息,能够更好地满足软件开发和用户的需求。     

数字制造环境下的加工过程仿真验证技术研究

生产线数字制造环境是数字化工厂的核心，而加工过程的仿真与验证技术构成生产线数字系统的底层结构与制造过程数字化分析的主要内容。分析了目前加工过程在几何仿真与物理仿真方面的研究情况、研究方法与存在问题，就该项技术向生产线数字制造环境融合的关键技术，即综合设备数字样机的完整数字加工环境的建立及加工过程仿真与上层制造环境的信息集成等进行分析与研究。     

PROVOX系统与监控管理网络的通讯

吉化集团公司丙烯腈厂先进控制项目中,为了解决PROVOX系统（DCS）与监控管理网络的通讯问题,将数据采集机接入PROVOX系统工程师站所在的以太网,并自行开发了通讯软件,实现了生产数据实时采集和传送。该通讯软件主要利用工程师站上的CHIP软件包提供的接口采集生产现场数据,并使用Socket机制将数据由工程师站送入数据采集机。该方法打破了该厂DCS信息孤岛,在企业实现管控一体化计算机集成系统的过程中起到了积极的作用,对同类企业也具有一定的借鉴意义。     

一个基于信任管理的分布式访问控制系统的设计与实现

开放协同软件环境下软件系统的安全问题极大地影响了软件系统的开发与应用。信任管理是解决开放协同软件环境下安全问题的一个新思想。本文在分析了开放协同软件系统安全问题的基础上,针对现存信任管理系统的不足,设计并实现了一个适用于开放环境下的基于信任管理的分布式访问控制系统DACBTM。该系统采用信任度量的方法对软件实体间的信任关系进行评估。本文在系统实现的同时给出了一个经过改进与扩充的信任发现算法,该算法对于安全信息不足的情况给出了合理的解决方案。