共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 265 毫秒
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选用制式的硝化棉(NC)体系发射药进行了烤燃试验,研究了NC体系发射药的配方组成对烤燃作用下的自点火温度和燃烧性能的影响。结果表明,NC体系发射药的配方组分对烤燃响应的自点火温度和燃烧性能影响明显,随着烤燃温度上升,NC体系发射药烤燃响应时经历了热分解—点火燃烧—冲破约束强度造成剧烈响应的过程。单基药中NC的自热反应和硝胺发射药中RDX的气相燃爆反应使得发射药迅速完成热分解到燃烧反应的转变,压力增长速度较快;单基药的自点火温度约为157.5 ℃,增加较低温度开始分解的NG和增塑剂TEGDN提前了发射药的自点火温度;发射药烤燃点火后,压力增长速率与发射药配方组成和弧厚有明显关系,与烤燃响应类型和冲击压力规律相符;增加弧厚对发射药烤燃作用下的热分解无影响,降低了点火后压力的上升速率,有利于降低发射药烤燃响应剧烈程度。 相似文献
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为研究药型对层状变燃速发射药内弹道性能的影响,基于经典内弹道理论建立了多种药型的层状变燃速发射药物理燃烧模型,并推导计算了对应的形状函数与燃气生成猛度表达式,通过VC++软件对在定容条件下的不同药型的层状变燃速发射药内弹道性能进行了数值计算。结果表明:圆饼与方片层状变燃速发射药的燃烧性能相似,且比两面包覆的矩形变燃速发射药燃烧性能好;对于长方体变燃速发射药四面包覆比两面包覆的燃气生成猛度有明显的提高。在12.7mm枪装填条件下,长方体四面包覆比两面包覆膛内最大压力和弹丸初速分别降低11.94%和2.39%。 相似文献
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为了研究黑索金(RDX)含量对双基发射药膨胀系数的影响,制备了质量分数分别为10%、20%和30%的含RDX的双基片状发射药,采用TMA静态热机分析仪方法,对含RDX的双基发射药的膨胀系数及其玻璃化温度进行研究。结果表明:(1)随着单层双基药片中RDX含量的增加,其膨胀系数减小,有利于保持单层双基药片药型尺寸的精确性;(2)叠层双基药片的膨胀系数随着RDX含量的增加而减小,同时小于单层双基药片的膨胀系数;(3)单层双基药片玻璃化温度随RDX含量的增加而升高,其使用时适应的温度范围更广。 相似文献
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为了研究黑索今(RDX)基含铝温压炸药的爆炸能量释放规律及爆炸能量输出结构,对5种含铝温压炸药的爆热和爆速进行了测试,利用绝热式爆热量热计测量了铝粉质量分数为30%的RDX基含铝温压炸药在真空、0.1 MPa氮气、0.1 MPa空气和1.0 MPa氧气环境下的爆炸能量,结合测试数据对试样的爆轰热、爆热和燃烧热进行理论计算。结果表明,RDX基含铝温压炸药的爆速随铝粉含量的增加而线性减小;爆热随铝粉含量的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势,在铝粉质量分数为40%时,爆热达到最大值。试样在真空、0.1 MPa氮气、0.1 MPa空气、1.0 MPa氧气环境下的爆炸能量逐渐增加,环境压力的增大和气氛环境中氧含量的增加都会提高炸药的爆炸能量,富氧环境下的爆炸能量可以定量地表征炸药的燃烧热。样品的爆轰热占燃烧热的9.8%~26.4%,爆热占燃烧热的34.5%~50.0%,且这两个参数都随铝粉含量的增加而降低。 相似文献
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为保证管线在役焊接过程的安全和质量,避免烧穿的发生,本文采用焊接数值模拟软件SYSWELD对304不锈钢管道在役焊接过程的径向变形进行分析,分别讨论了管道壁厚、介质压力、介质种类对在役焊接径向变形的影响。结果表明,随着管道壁厚的增加,内壁中心点的最大径向变形量减小。当天然气介质压力小于3MPa时,随着压力的升高,径向变形减小;当管道内压为3MPa-10MPa时,随着压力的升高,径向变形逐渐增大。在管道内压为3MPa时,天然气介质的最大径向变形量大于水介质静态在役焊接的最大径向变形量。 相似文献
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为研究叠氮硝胺发射药与赛璐珞药盒的长储稳定性,采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)和真空安定性法(VST)研究分析了叠氮硝胺发射药与赛璐珞片的化学相容性,采用GJB736.8—1990火工品试验71 ℃试验法研究分析了叠氮硝胺发射药与赛璐珞药盒之间的组分迁移性。DSC试验表明,叠氮硝胺发射药与赛璐珞片混合体系的热分解峰温降低,降低值为0.5 ℃,混合体系相容;VST试验表明,混合体系净增放气量R为0.3 mL/g,混合体系相容;71 ℃试验法储存26 d后,叠氮硝胺发射药中的增塑剂(DIANP、NG)质量分数由39.82%降低到33.67%,药盒中增塑剂(DIANP、NG)质量分数由0增加到33.89%,发射药与药盒之间存在增塑剂的迁移。叠氮硝胺发射药与赛璐珞药盒化学相容性良好,但物理安定性差,存在增塑剂的迁移,加速老化10 d后,体系浓度达到平衡。 相似文献
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HMX based enhanced energy LOVA gun propellant 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sanghavi RR Kamale PJ Shaikh MA Shelar SD Kumar KS Singh A 《Journal of hazardous materials》2007,143(1-2):532-534
Efforts to develop gun propellants with low vulnerability have recently been focused on enhancing the energy with a further improvement in its sensitivity characteristics. These propellants not only prevent catastrophic disasters due to unplanned initiation of currently used gun propellants (based on nitrate esters) but also realize enhanced energy levels to increase the muzzle velocity of the projectiles. Now, in order to replace nitroglycerine, which is highly sensitive to friction and impact, nitramines meet the requirements as they offer superior energy due to positive heat of formation, typical stoichiometry with higher decomposition temperatures and also owing to negative oxygen balance are less sensitive than stoichiometrically balanced NG. RDX has been widely reported for use in LOVA propellant. In this paper we have made an effort to present the work on scantily reported nitramine HMX based LOVA gun propellant while incorporating energetic plasticizer glycidyl azide polymer to enhance the energy level. HMX is known to be thermally stable at higher temperature than RDX and also proved to be less vulnerable to small scale shaped charge jet attack as its decomposition temperature is 270 degrees C. HMX also offers improved impulse due to its superior heat of formation (+17 kcal/mol) as compared to RDX (+14 kcal/mol). It has also been reported that a break point will not appear until 35,000 psi for propellant comprising of 5 microm HMX. Since no work has been reported in open literature regarding replacement of RDX by HMX, the present studies were carried out. 相似文献
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To investigate the structure and performance of simple and double bases propellants, the nitrocellulose (NC), nitroglycerin (NG), and double mixed system (NC+NG) have been simulated by using the molecular dynamics (MD) method with the COMPASS force field. The interactions between NC and NG have been analyzed by means of pair correlation functions. The mechanical properties of the three model systems, i.e. elastic coefficients, modulus, Cauchy pressure, and Poisson's ratio, etc., have been obtained. It is found that the rigidity, ductibility, and tenacity of the double bases propellants (NC+NG) are stronger than those of simple base propellants (NC), which attributes to the effect of NG and the strong interactions between NC and NG. The detonation properties of the three systems have also been calculated and the results show that compared with the simple base propellant (NC), the detonation heat and detonation velocity of the double base propellants (NC+NG) are increased. 相似文献
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O. Müller 《Journal of hazardous materials》1983,7(3):169-186
This report discusses the use of gun propellants produced by different types of extruders. These extruders are different to each other with respect to their construction, screw configuration and mode of operation.For the production of propellants by solvent processes, we preferred twin-screw extruders operating either in the synchronous mode or the countercurrent mode. The results of this process consist of extruded strands possessing a high density and an excellent surface, especially for single-base propellants produced by use of the countercurrent operating twin-screw extruder.The sychronous twin-screw extruder is mainly applied to the processing of triple-base propellants with a high content of nitroquanidine, such as e.g. M 30.The development of brittleness at low temperature is significantly improved as a result of the manufacturing technique employed.A planetary roller extruder, a four-screw extruder and a synchronously operating, twin-screw extruder are discussed with reference to the production of gun propellant without the use of solvent. A report is given on the advantages and properties of these extruders as regards optimal plastification of water-wet fibrous NC/NG mix. A method of producing propellant chips, which can be subjected to further processing by the selected extruder or a twin-roll unit, is also described. The ballistic properties of the resulting products are superior to those obtained by standard manufacturing processes. 相似文献
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随着火炮初速、膛压、射速的提高, 炮膛的烧蚀磨损逐渐变得严重, 对高效缓蚀剂的需求越来越迫切。本研究以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为壁材, 在W/O/W复乳体系中利用界面交联法制备了TiO2前驱体微胶囊, 探讨了微胶囊的形成机理。扫描电镜观察表明微胶囊呈现出球形形貌, 分散性好, 囊壁致密、包覆完整, 粒径分析显示其平均粒径在10 μm左右; 红外分析进一步证实微胶囊是由醇醛树脂层包覆TiO2前驱体形成; 热分析表明微胶囊中固体TiO2含量约为35%。利用烧蚀管试验法测试其降烧蚀性能, 结果表明TiO2前驱体微胶囊型缓蚀剂不影响发射药的燃烧规律, 在相对于发射药质量2.5wt%的添加量下, 降烧蚀效率达到35%左右。 相似文献
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选用键合剂LBA-1和热塑性弹性体( TPE)对RDX进行表面包覆改性,并应用于CMDB推进剂中。采用扫描电子显微镜( SEM)表征了RDX包覆前后颗粒表面的变化情况,同时,分别测试了RDX包覆前后和制备的CMDB推进剂的摩擦感度和撞击感度,并且对含包覆RDX的CMDB推进剂的力学性能和燃烧性能进行了表征。结果表明,经包覆改性后降感效果均明显,其中键合剂包覆的RDX,摩擦感度降低了68%,对应的CMDB推进剂,摩擦感度降低了37.5%。两种材料包覆改性RDX对推进剂的力学性能均有明显的改善,其中经热塑性弹性体包覆改性后,RDX-CMDB推进剂的抗拉强度提高了4.72 MPa,延伸率提高了19.67%;对推进剂的燃烧性能有一定的影响。 相似文献
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为了研究一种具有高能、高燃速特性的新型发射药,在高能发射药的配方体系中添加了两种高燃速功能材料乙二胺-三乙烯二胺高氯酸盐(SY)和硝酸肼镍(NHN)。利用密闭爆发器试验研究高燃速功能材料对高能发射药燃速特性的影响规律,并考察其对高能、高燃速发射药综合性能的影响。采用中止燃烧试验和SEM探索了燃速提高的机理。结果表明,添加质量分数3%的SY或NHN可以有效地提高发射药的燃速,使燃速分别提高了31.8%、17.8%,SY对燃速的提高效果更为显著;高能、高燃速发射药的火药力为1 200 J/g左右,具有较高的能量特性;在20 ℃和-40 ℃下,NDCS-02(含SY)的抗冲强度分别为73.89 kJ/m2和7.12 kJ/m2,NDCN-02(含NHN)的抗冲击强度分别为未断和6.60 kJ/m2,力学性能优良;NDCS-02和NDCN-02的撞击感度分别为19.0、22.4 cm,摩擦感度分别为84%、90%,都可以满足应用要求;NDCS-02和NDCN-02化学安定性测试的放气量分别为1.15、1.79 mL/g,安定性较好。中止燃烧试验和SEM的测试结果表明,高燃速功能材料先于发射药基体燃烧,使燃烧过程中燃面增加,从而提高燃速。 相似文献
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为探索5-氨基四唑(5-AT)对推进剂性能的影响,采用浇铸工艺制备了含5-AT的聚叠氮基缩水甘油醚/硝酸铵(GAP/AN)基推进剂试样,通过最小自由能法计算了其能量性能,通过静态力学拉伸试验测试其力学性能,通过靶线法表征其燃烧性能,并测试了其机械感度。结果表明,5-AT的加入可以显著提高燃气中N_2的生成量,但当GAP/增塑剂(A3)的含量较大时,理论比冲及爆温均随着5-AT含量的增加逐渐减小;与GAP/AN推进剂相比,添加质量分数为10%的5-AT后,推进剂的燃速压力指数显著降低0.2,9 MPa下燃速提高了15.3%;推进剂断裂伸长率增加,但拉伸强度下降了57.7%,且机械感度升高。 相似文献