一个表面带单粗糙峰的线接触时变微弹流润滑数值分析

通过数值求解研究了一个固体表面的单粗糙峰对两固体形成的线接触时变弹流润滑区压力、膜厚分布曲线的影响。结果表明：粗糙峰的出现，使其对应位置上的压力、膜厚发生急剧变化；粗糙峰的移动，对压力和膜厚的变化、固体表面的凹陷现象以及Hertz接触区的出口颈缩均有不同的影响；另外，压力峰和油膜形状随着粗糙峰幅值和半波长的变化而变化。结果亦表明：准稳态解比时变解过高地估计粗糙峰对压力和膜厚的影响。     

表面横向粗糙峰对点接触热弹流润滑的影响

通过数值解研究丁固体表面的横向粗糙峰对钢球与玻璃盘形成的热弹流润滑接触区压力、膜厚以及温度分布的影响。计算中假设钢球是静止的．即滚滑比为2。结果表明在粗糙峰出现的位置上，压力、温度均有急剧的增加，并且固体表面的凹陷现象也变得更加复杂。     

零卷吸点接触热弹流润滑的反常现象分析

应用Ree-Eyring流体，求得了零卷吸工况点接触热弹流润滑的完全数值解，分析了凹陷深度随表面速度的变化规律。结果表明，在低速工况下，Ree-Eyring非牛顿流体模型能更合理地解释此种润滑现象的特征，固体内沿X、Y方向的热传导不容忽视。     

表面粗糙峰/谷对大滑滚比线接触热弹流润滑接触的影响

假设在一个表面上存在单个粗糙峰或粗糙谷，采用数值分析方法研究大滑滚比下粗糙表面对线接触热弹流润滑接触的影响。研究发现：粗糙峰和粗糙谷造成油膜压力、膜厚和温升曲线的局部波动，其中压力的波动最为明显；在滑滚比较小时，粗糙峰和粗糙谷对压力、膜厚和温升曲线的影响较大， 随着滑滚比的增加，影响逐渐降低； 随着滑滚比的增加，粗糙峰幅值增加对压力、膜厚和温升曲线造成的波动也逐渐减弱。研究结果对于揭示滚珠丝杠或无保持架轴承等的润滑油膜形成和失效有重要意义。     

表面粗糙纹理对非牛顿热弹流润滑性能的影响

建立了考虑表面粗糙度的点接触热弹流润滑模型,假设滚滑工况下慢速运动的固体表面是粗糙的,而快速运动的固体表面绝对光滑.卷吸速度沿接触区短半轴方向,表面粗糙纹理以正弦函数来表征,润滑剂符合Ree-Eyring非牛顿流体粘性定律.通过完全数值求解,讨论了3种不同构成的粗糙纹理对弹流润滑性能的影响.其中2种是周期性时变问题,求解是从一个准稳态解开始逐个瞬时迭代来实现的.结果表明,粗糙纹理会使得接触区里对应处产生明显的局部高压,局部温升,油膜厚度也相应减小.而纵向粗糙度时润滑效果最差,因为具有更危险的最小膜厚值.     

摆线针轮传动时变微观弹流润滑数值分析

结合摆线针轮传动中啮合点处综合曲率半径、卷吸速度、轮齿载荷随时间变化的特点,利用多重网格技术,得到了摆线针轮时变微观弹流润滑的完全数值解,分别讨论了单独粗糙峰和粗糙谷对弹流润滑的影响,并与其光滑解进行了比较。结果表明,粗糙度的存在,能较大程度影响油膜压力,但对油膜厚度影响轻微;并且粗糙峰和粗糙谷对油膜压力影响有明显的不同表现。     

考虑横向振动的热弹流润滑分析

数值模拟接触固体的横向振动对点接触热弹性流体动力润滑的影响。结果揭示出接触固体的微小横向振动就会造成接触区中油膜压力、膜厚和温度的显著变化,接触区中产生多重凹陷并不断移动。重载下由于动态效应产生的凹陷的移动和合并及热效应的作用,使得膜厚不但不随载荷的增加而减小,反而随载荷的增加而增加。     

弹流润滑入口凹陷现象的数值模拟

入口凹陷(inlet-dimple)是近年来弹性流体动力润滑(EHL)研究中出现的一类新油膜形状特征。使用Circular流变模型,利用数值分析,研究了滑滚比、载荷及卷吸速度等对凹陷的影响,并与部分已有实验结果进行了比较。初步结果显示,当滑动较大时,入口区油/固体界面处表观粘度剧烈下降,产生伪滑移,从而诱发了较大的压力梯度而形成入口凹陷。     

平板微通道流动传热的粗糙元间距效应

微细尺度传热问题业已成为国际传热界的研究点,而壁面粗糙度对微细通道流动和传热特性有着重要影响。以粗糙平行平板微通道为研究对象,用三角形粗糙元模拟固体表面的粗糙度,通过采用CFD(computational fluid dynamics)流体固体共轭传热技术数值研究了粗糙元间距对平行平板微通道流动和传热特性的影响规律,同时研究了其间距对微通道流动的转捩雷诺数的影响规律;计算结果表明:随着三角形粗糙元间距的增大,粗糙平板微通道的阻力性能逐渐下降,层流向湍流转捩的雷诺数呈逐渐增大趋势,同时粗糙平板微通道的传热性能呈逐渐下降趋势。     

单粗糙峰通过接触区全过程的时变热弹流数值仿真

建立了带单粗糙峰的表面滚滑工况的点接触时变热弹流模型，数值模拟了钢与钢接触、快速表面带单粗糙峰通过接触区的全过程。结果表明，接触区内的粗糙峰会引起局部高压，当粗糙峰较高时，润滑膜会变得极薄，这对润滑的可靠性是不利的，而局部压力高峰也会严重降低材料的表面疲劳寿命。     

微织构光固化填充h-BN的巴氏合金表面摩擦学性能

为了提高巴氏合金在油润滑条件下的摩擦学性能,在巴氏合金表面加工凹坑微织构并利用光固化填充方法填充六方氮化硼(h-BN)固体润滑剂,制备出h-BN与表面微织构相结合的复合润滑结构。研究复合润滑结构在油润滑条件下的摩擦学性能及其减摩润滑机制。结果表明：复合润滑结构的摩擦学性能远高于未织构面和纯织构面;当凹坑微织构直径较小时,织构密度为10%～20%时,复合润滑结构摩擦因数较小,而凹坑直径较大时,随着织构密度的增加,复合润滑结构摩擦因数逐渐减小;当织构密度小于20%时,凹坑直径较小的复合润滑结构摩擦因数小,当织构密度达到30%时,随着凹坑直径的增加,复合润滑结构摩擦因数减小。复合润滑结构能够改善巴氏合金表面摩擦学性能,是因为h-BN固体润滑剂的释放在巴氏合金表面形成了固体润滑薄膜,避免了润滑油膜较薄处的巴氏合金表面直接与45钢表面接触,且释放h-BN固体润滑剂后的微织构凹坑可以起到收集磨粒,储存润滑油的作用。     

凹坑织构对石墨材料水润滑性能的影响

为提高核主泵屏蔽电机用水润滑石墨轴承的摩擦润滑性能，采用高速雕铣机在石墨试样表面加工不同形状、深度和面积占有率的凹坑织构，通过水润滑条件下的销盘摩擦试验，测试分析凹坑织构结构参数对石墨材料水润滑性能的影响。结果表明：在水润滑条件下凹坑织构具有一定的减摩效果，随着转速的增加，凹坑织构的动压效应增强，石墨试样摩擦因数减小；随着载荷的增加，石墨试样摩擦因数减小；随着凹坑深径比、面积占有率的增加，石墨试样摩擦因数均呈现先减小后增大的变化趋势，当凹坑深径比为0.5、凹坑面积占有率为3%左右时，石墨试样摩擦因数最小；相较三角形凹坑织构，正方形凹坑和圆形凹坑织构的减摩效果更好。     

Tribological thermodynamic model of the viscosity,flow properties and lubricating performance of lubricating oils

Lubricating phenomena are described thermodynamically. Tribological parameters, in particular pressure and relative sliding speed, are related to thermodynamic properties of the tribological system such as thermodynamic potential, enthalpy and entropy. On this basis tribological thermodynamic models of the viscosity, flow properties and lubricating performance of materials are deduced. Changes of lubricating performance in a tribological system are determined by considering such tribological thermodynamic parameters. A tribological thermodynamic model of lubricating phenomena is therefore obtained which with the use of suitable thermodynamic data for optimum tribological parameters allows the prediction of the lubricating performance of tribological systems.     

纳米粗糙间隙中季戊四醇四酯的薄膜润滑行为

采用分子动力学模拟方法建立光滑和粗糙2种固体壁面结构，研究季戊四醇四酯润滑剂在不同压力、薄膜厚度下，在恒定剪切速度和温度下的薄膜润滑行为。分析壁面间润滑薄膜的密度分布，以及剪切过程中润滑剂的速度分布。输出固体壁面在x向和z向的力学响应，并计算摩擦因数。结果表明：表面纳米结构降低了润滑薄膜的厚度，减弱了润滑薄膜分层现象；当润滑薄膜厚度较大时，V形纳米沟槽有助于减小薄膜润滑系统的摩擦因数；润滑薄膜厚度较小时，V形纳米沟槽表面润滑状态容易从流体润滑转变到边界润滑状态，摩擦因数增大。     

考虑空化效应的齿面沟槽织构润滑性能CFD分析*

为探究齿面沟槽织构参数对渐开线圆柱直齿轮润滑性能的影响,简化齿轮啮合模型选取并建立单元沟槽CFD仿真模型,通过分别求解未考虑和考虑空化效应的2种仿真模型,获得不同沟槽尺寸参数对模型润滑性能的影响规律。结果表明：沟槽织构的存在改变了流体域油膜压力分布状态,具有更高的油膜承载力和更好的动压性能;不考虑空化效应时,油膜承载力大小与沟槽宽度的变化密切相关,而受沟槽深度变化的影响较小,沟槽织构浅且宽时齿面具有更好的润滑性能;考虑空化效应后,表面润滑性能随沟槽宽度与深度的变化而动态变化,相较于不考虑空化效应,沟槽宽度更窄、深度更深时齿面具有更好的润滑性能;在沟槽深度与宽度均较小时,空化效应对动压性能的影响不是很大,在沟槽深度较小而沟槽宽度较大时,空化效应对动压性能的影响较大;而在沟槽深度较大时,空化效应对动压性能的影响始终较大,且不受沟槽宽度变化的影响。     

An effect of lubricating additives on tribochemical phenomena in a rolling steel four-ball contact

An effect of the type and concentration of lubricating additives (antiwear and extreme-pressure) on the rolling contact fatigue was investigated and discussed in the chemomechanical way. To this end complementary elemental and chemical surface analyses of the worn surface were performed, accompanied by calculation of the EHL film thickness. It is shown that if the lubricating film is thin and the surface of test specimens has numerous defects, fatigue failures are initiated on the surface, which strengthens an impact of surface related tribochemical phenomena on the rolling contact fatigue.     

Mechanism of Levitation of a Slider with a Micro/Nanoscale Surface Structure on a Rotating Disk

It has been previously reported that the friction between a partially polished diamond-coated surface and a metal surface was drastically reduced to zero in the atmosphere as relative speed was increased (Nakamori et al. in Diam Relat Mater 14:2122–2126, 2005). On the other hand, it has also been reported that laser-textured surfaces have good tribological performance in the case of gas lubrication (Kligerman and Etsion in Tribol Trans 44:472–478, 2001). The surfaces in the aforementioned two cases have a micro/nanoscale structure. It is expected that both surfaces are levitated by a high-pressure gas film between sliding surfaces by the same mechanism. In the present work, the mechanism of high gas pressure generation is clarified by the performance of numerical simulations and by theoretical analysis. The following two features of pressure distributions on textured surfaces were found to induce high gas pressure. First, gas pressure increases in the direction of the counter surface’s motion over the dimple region. Second, the pressure distribution over the flat region is convex upward, and hence, the high pressure obtained at the outlet of the dimple is maintained for a long distance in the flat region. The causes of such pressure distributions are herein explained analytically. The governing factor of pressure distributions and the optimal dimple location in the period of the repeated surface pattern are also discussed. Furthermore, the knowledge obtained here is utilized to design the surface structure to obtain high gas pressure.     

柱面螺旋槽气液两相流体动压密封稳态性能研究

为揭示航空发动机轴承腔内润滑油与加压气流形成复杂两相润滑状态下的柱面流体动压密封性能,基于两相流Mixture模型,研究气液两相介质柱面螺旋槽流体动压密封稳态性能,分析操作参数和结构参数对动压密封性能的影响.结果表明:在同样工况参数下,气液两相下柱面流体动压密封具有较好的动压效应;转速、压差以及液气比的增大均有利于提高...     

轴承滚道超精研机振荡头架滑移拖板的改进

针对VMUC100轴承滚道超精研机振荡头架滑移拖板机构存在的润滑效果差易产生干摩擦的问题,对该机构相对运动表面增加润滑油沟,消除了干摩擦现象,提高了运行精度和稳定性。     

Experimental Investigation into Friction Performance of Dimples Journal Bearing with Phyllotactic Pattern

In this paper, we discuss the developments of a novel dimples journal bearing and the experimental results on friction performance. Based on the phyllotaxis theory of biology, the lubricating dimples were positioned in the internal circle surface of the journal bearing. The effects of phyllotactic pattern parameters on the distribution of these dimples were discussed in detail and simulated. A series of experimental results was presented to examine the effect of phyllotactic coefficients and dimple diameters on the friction characteristics. It was shown that the friction performance of journal bearings can be evidently improved under the proper tested parameters. Meanwhile, the friction coefficients, which are obtained in the dimples journal bearings with phyllotactic pattern and linear pattern, were presented to reveal their differences, and lower values of friction coefficients were achieved for the proposed dimples journal bearing under the tested radial load and rotational speed.