基于振动台的实时动力子结构实验系统稳定性预测研究

基于振动台的实时子结构试验是重要的现代结构试验技术,能很好的对土-结相互作用、减震系统（比如TLD、TMD）等动力特性进行大尺寸试件试验研究。试验系统稳定性是实现子结构试验的关键,但复杂的振动台动力特性使其稳定性预测精度还难以满足试验要求。该文结合振动台系统综合建模和根轨迹技术发展了稳定性预测方法,通过试验验证了该方法的可行性。同时从相位和幅值影响两方面对比讨论了常用分析方法的局限性,并采用该方法就结构特性对稳定性的影响进行了分析。研究结果表明考虑振动台综合模型的方法能很好的预测子结构试验系统稳定性。     

供应链环境下中小OEM企业安全生产决策的演化

为研究供应链环境下中小OEM企业安全生产决策的演化规律，构建核心企业与中小OEM企业安全生产决策交互的演化博弈模型，分析了系统均衡点的存在性及稳定性，并通过数值仿真展示出博弈主体不同初始策略和不同收益取值对于系统演化结果的影响。研究发现，博弈主体收益取值范围的不同会影响系统均衡点的个数和稳定性；当系统收敛于（严格监督，严格遵循）的期望模式或（宽松监督，敷衍遵循）的“不良锁定”模式时，可以通过调节相关收益值使其朝期望模式演化。通过激励核心企业履行供应链安全生产治理责任，提高中小OEM企业安全生产投入，进而提高供应链的整体安全水平。     

基于Lagrange方程建模的单级旋转倒立摆控制

介绍一种新型单级旋转倒立摆系统的构成，通过对其动力学特性的分析建立了基于Lagrange方程的数学模型。在平衡点附近给出系统的线性化模型，对系统的稳定性、能控性和能观性进行了分析。利用线性二次型最优控制策略LQR方法设计了控制器，并在仿真实验和实物实验中实现了倒立摆的平衡控制。实验表明，系统稳定性好、鲁棒性较强。     

Navier-Stokes方程九模类Lorenz方程组的动力学行为及数值仿真

为深入探讨流体流动的稳定性,本文研究了平面不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程九模类Lorenz方程组的动力学行为及数值仿真问题.对平面不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程进行傅里叶展开,采用新的截取模式得到一个九模类Lorenz系统,研究了系统的对称性、耗散性和吸引子的存在性,讨论了该方程组的定常解及其稳定性.基于分岔图与最大Lyapunov指数谱和庞加莱截面以及功率谱,文中阐述并分析了此新型混沌系统的基本动力学行为,仿真分析了系统动力学行为的演化历程,解释了随参数变化系统的不动点、周期态和混沌态等之间转变的物理过程.     

一个具有时滞和阶段结构的比率依赖型捕食系统的稳定性

本文研究一个具有时滞和捕食者、食饵均具有阶段结构的比率依赖型捕食系统的稳定性.通过分析特征方程,运用Hurwitz判定定理,讨论了该系统的非负边界平衡点和正平衡点的局部稳定性,并得到了Hopf分支存在的充分条件;通过构造辅助系统,运用单调迭代方法和比较定理,讨论了该系统的非负边界平衡点和正平衡点的全局稳定性,从而得到了该生态系统灭绝与永久持续生存的充分条件.     

多体系统Euler-Lagrange方程数值求解的一种违约稳定性方法

分析了目前多体系统动力学运动仿真中实现违约稳定性的两种基本方法，利用Taylor展式对违约稳定性的直接修正法作了修改。并讨论了约束方程组不满秩的情况。文中给出了计算实例，在运动仿真精度和违约修正精度两个不同的标准下对各种违约修正算法进行了比较分析。     

随机结构动力可靠度分析的概率密度演化方法

基于随机结构动力反应分析的概率密度演化方法，提出了一类新的随机结构动力可靠度分析方法。在随机结构动力反应概率密度演化方程的基础上，对于首次超越问题，根据所给的首次超越破坏准则施加相应的吸收壁边界条件，求解具有吸收壁边界条件的概率密度演化方程并在安全域内积分．给出结构的动力可靠度。结合精细时程积分方法和具有TVD性质的差分格式，讨论了计算结构动力可靠度的数值方法。以八层框架结构为例进行了动力可靠度分析并与随机模拟分析结果进行了比较。     

双质体冲击振动成型机周期运动的稳定性与全局分岔

基于Poincar映射方法对双质体冲击振动成型机的动力学行为进行了分析,讨论了单冲击周期n运动的稳定性与局部分岔。通过数值仿真研究了双质体冲击振动成型机的周期运动向混沌运动演化的全局分岔过程,分析了系统参数对单冲击周期1运动、单冲击周期2次谐运动及混沌运动的影响。     

公共建筑项目标识布设策略的进化博弈分析

针对公共建筑项目的标识系统布设过程中各利益相关方的博弈行为,建立了管理方和布设方的进化博弈模型及其复制动态方程,讨论并分析了进化稳定策略,探索博弈双方的演化路径和演化规律,依据分析结果提出了一些科学合理地布设标识系统的建议。     

立式弹性支承滑动轴承系统的上稳定区理论

研究了一种滑动轴承的油膜稳定性理论——上稳定区理论。首先建立了立式弹性支承滑动轴承系统的力学模型和运动微分方程；通过对该模型的油膜稳定性分析，确定了两个稳定性界限，并由此划分了稳定区。研究结果证实：弹性支承滑动轴承系统的油膜失稳区具有上限，即在通常的失稳区上方存在一个新的稳定区，本文称它为上稳定区；此外，在上稳定区的上方还存在有第二失稳区。本文还讨论了通过选择不同的支承参数和轴承参数来扩大上稳定区的方法。     

减灾、防灾与“给能量留有空间”的对策问题

根据欧阳首承提出的"搅动能守恒定律"揭示的能量不能脱离物质,而必须给能量留有空间的理论,论述了能量空间与自然灾害和灾变动力的相互关系和作用,给出了能量空间在灾后重建工程、防洪减灾规划和生态环境规划等的应用和对策。并强调自然灾害、人为建筑工程"必须给能量留有空间",才能更为有效地防灾、减灾。提出了"给能量留有空间"是针对当代科学遗漏了能量空间问题提出的新的科学命题。     

一类高阶KdV类型水波方程的多辛Euler-box格式

高阶KdV类型水波方程作为一类重要的非线性方程有着许多广泛的应用前景．本文主要研究高阶KdV类型水波方程的多辛Euler-box格式．首先,通过正则变换,构造了高阶KdV方程的多辛结构,并得到该系统的多辛守恒律、局部能量守恒律和动量守恒律．然后,我们利用Euler-box格式对高阶KdV方程进行离散,并基于Hamilton空间体系的多辛理论研究了该系统的离散Euler-box格式．我们证明该格式满足离散多辛守恒律,并且给出该格式的向后误差分析．最后,数值算例结果表明该多辛离散格式具有较好的长时间数值稳定性．     

Unconditionally energy stable implicit time integration: application to multibody system analysis and design

This paper focuses on the development of an unconditionally stable time‐integration algorithm for multibody dynamics that does not artificially dissipate energy. Unconditional stability is sought to alleviate any stability restrictions on the integration step size, while energy conservation is important for the accuracy of long‐term simulations. In multibody system analysis, the time‐integration scheme is complemented by a choice of co‐ordinates that define the kinematics of the system. As such, the current approach uses a non‐dissipative implicit Newmark method to integrate the equations of motion defined in terms of the independent joint co‐ordinates of the system. In order to extend the unconditional stability of the implicit Newmark method to non‐linear dynamic systems, a discrete energy balance is enforced. This constraint, however, yields spurious oscillations in the computed accelerations and therefore, a new acceleration corrector is developed to eliminate these instabilities and hence retain unconditional stability in an energy sense. An additional benefit of employing the non‐linearly implicit time‐integration method is that it allows for an efficient design sensitivity analysis. In this paper, design sensitivities computed via the direct differentiation method are used for mechanism performance optimization. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

折衍混合系统实现长焦深方法研究

通过对传统能量守恒法设计长焦深元件进行介绍与分析,根据衍射元件设计灵活的特性,提出了改进的能量守恒设计方法,利用折衍混合系统实现长焦深元件,并建立了优化的评价函数分两步对设计结果进行优化。     

A general mass lumping scheme for the variants of the extended finite element method

A new strategy for the mass matrix lumping of enriched elements for explicit transient analysis is presented. It is shown that to satisfy the kinetic energy conservation, the use of zero or negative masses for enriched degrees of freedom of lumped mass matrix may be necessary. For a completely cracked element, by lumping the mass of each side of the interface into the finite element nodes located at the same side and assigning zero masses to the enriched degrees of freedom, the kinetic energy for rigid body translations is conserved without transferring spurious energy across the interface. The time integration is performed by adopting an explicit-implicit technique, where the regular and enriched degrees of freedom are treated explicitly and implicitly, respectively. The proposed method can be viewed as a general mass lumping scheme for the variants of the extended finite element methods because it can be used irrespective of the enrichment method. It also preserves the optimal critical time step of an intact finite element by treating the enriched degrees of freedom implicitly. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed mass matrix are validated with several benchmark examples.     

The study on defects in aluminum 2219-T6 thick butt friction stir welds with the application of multiple non-destructive testing methods

The present study focused on the relationship between primary friction stir welding process parameters and varied types of weld-defect discovered in aluminum 2219-T6 friction stir butt-welds of thick plates, meanwhile, the weld-defect forming mechanisms were investigated. Besides a series of optical metallographic examinations for friction stir butt welds, multiple non-destructive testing methods including X-ray detection, ultrasonic C-scan testing, ultrasonic phased array inspection and fluorescent penetrating fluid inspection were successfully used aiming to examine the shapes and existence locations of different weld-defects. In addition, precipitated Al₂Cu phase coarsening particles were found around a ‘kissing-bond’ defect within the weld stirred nugget zone by means of scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. On the basis of volume conservation law in material plastic deformation, a simple empirical criterion for estimating the existence of inner material-loss defects was proposed. Defect-free butt joints were obtained after process optimization of friction stir welding for aluminum 2219-T6 plates in 17–20 mm thickness. Process experiments proved that besides of tool rotation speed and travel speed, more other appropriate process parameter variables played important roles at the formation of high-quality friction stir welds, such as tool-shoulder target depth, spindle tilt angle, and fixture clamping conditions on the work-pieces. Furthermore, the nonlinear correlation between weld tensile strengths and weld crack-like root-flaws of different lengths was briefly investigated.     

Analytical modeling for the ballistic perforation of planar plain-woven fabric target by projectile

This paper presents an analytical model to calculate decrease of kinetic energy and residual velocity of projectile penetrating targets composed of multi-layered planar plain-woven fabrics. Based on the energy conservation law, the absorbed kinetic energy of projectile equals to kinetic energy and strain energy of planar fabric in impact-deformed region if deformation of projectile and heat generated by interaction between projectile and target are neglected. Then the decrease of kinetic energy and residual velocity of projectile after the projectile perforating multi-layered planar fabric targets could be calculated. Owing to fibers in fabric are under a high strain rate state when fabric targets being perforated by a high velocity projectile, the mechanical properties of the two kinds of fibers, Twaron^® and Kuralon^®, respectively, at strain rate from 1.0×10⁻² to 1.5×10³ s⁻¹, are used to calculate the residual velocity of projectile. It is shown that the mechanical properties of fibers at high strain rate should be adopted in modeling rate-sensitivity materials. Prediction of the residual velocities and energy absorbed by the multi-layered planar fabrics show good agreement with experimental data. Compared with other models on the same subject, the perforating time in this model can be estimated from the time during which certain strain at a given strain rate is generated. This method of time estimation is feasible in pure theoretical modeling when the perforation time cannot be obtained from experiments or related empirical equations.     

基于EMD模糊熵和SVM的转子系统故障诊断

提出一种经验模态分解、模糊熵和支持向量机相结合的转子系统故障诊断方法。该方法首先对转子系统故障信号进行经验模态分解,得到若干阶表征故障信息的固有模态函数,并运用基于能量原理的虚假模态消除方法剔除虚假模态分量;再利用模糊熵能够表示信号复杂程度且具有相对稳定性等特点,选取前4阶固有模态函数的模糊熵值作为各故障信号的特征向量;最后将该特征向量输入到支持向量机中进行转子系统的故障分类。试验结果表明,该方法能够有效的提取转子系统故障特征和对转子系统进行故障诊断。     

Preliminary theoretical analyses of thermal performance and available energy consumption of two-stage cascade cycle heat pump water heater

In this paper, the analysis model of thermal performance and available energy of two-stage cascade cycle heat pump water heater (HPWH) was established. For the first time, the equivalent transformation thermodynamic analysis method and available energy consumption equation were employed to carry out the theoretical analyses of thermal performance and available energy consumption for two-stage cascade cycle HPWH. And the correctness of the analysis approach proposed in this paper was verified by an example. The calculation results showed a significant agreement with the results derived by the first law of thermodynamics and energy conservation law. The available energy analysis of two-stage cascade cycle HPWH clearly revealed the available energy consumption rates for different working processes, including heat transfers of heat exchangers, flow of heat-carrying fluid, working medium cycle, output of hot water, etc. This approach could be conveniently used in the analyses of thermal performance and available energy consumption for actual complex thermal system with irreversible process. This paper provided the theoretical basis for the actual optimization design and operation analysis of cascade type heat pump systems, and furthermore, the results of the calculation instance would also have a certain reference value.     

能量守恒定律在制冷循环过程中的解析

能量守恒定律是自然界普遍存在的定律之一,本文通过内能概念,利用能量守恒定律从微观上解释蒸气压缩式制冷的各个过程,从而为我们理解蒸气压缩式制冷原理提供了一个新思路。