一种新型复合单元频率选择表面

提出了一种新型复合单元频率选择表面,用模式匹配方法得到了该周期表面未知电场的积分方程.给出了这种新型复合单元的电场基函数,用矩量法求解该积分方程,得到了不同入射角对这种新型复合单元FSS的频率响应特性曲线.计算结果表明,这种新型复合单元频率选择表面具有两个角稳定性很好的频带,这在通信系统和雷达系统中具有广泛的应用前景.     

用改进基函数分析缝隙阵频率选择表面电磁特性

提出了一组有效的改进基函数用于分析缝隙阵频率选择表面的电磁传输特性。规则的中心连接和环形两种类型频率选择单元可以划分为直线段和弯曲段，切向电场基函数在直线段按照波导模式展开，而在弯曲段幅值不变且连续变化。以Y形和六边环形缝隙阵频率选择表面结构作为算例，应用较少的基函数和Floquet模预测的频率响应曲线与试验结果吻合得很好，与使用传统的基函数相比，谐振频率不随Floquet模数的增加而变动，具有良好的稳定性，同时计算时间大大减少。     

频率选择表面电磁特性的多元自适应采样分析

将自适应频率采样法扩展为多元函数的自适应采样法,并应用于频率选择表面(FSS)的电磁特性分析。依据FSS的散射参数与多个变量的函数关系建立多元有理函数模型,通过在各维变量中查找误差最大点选择采样点,并通过依次将一维内插值作为下一维内插拓扑关系的初始值,将一维内插扩展为多维内插,结合矩量法分析频率、入射方向等参数对FSS电磁特性的影响。计算分析了十字形贴片单元、方形孔径单元FSS散射特性曲线和口径天线-FSS罩系统的方向图,计算结果与直接矩量法结果吻合,计算效率得到显著改善,验证了方法的有效性。     

激光加工参数对球形频率选择表面质量的影响

通过运用激光加工的方法在三维半球壳表面加工孔径十字环形频率选择单元,探讨激光加工相比其他加工手段的优势和不同激光加工工艺参数对十字环形频率选择单元加工质量的影响。对球形曲面频率选择单元加工工艺方法进行分析,介绍激光加工中出现的加工缺陷,并根据缺陷的特点提出参数化表征量;对实验件进行单因素参数试验,分析标刻单元加工质量变化规律并找到合理参数范围;最后,根据合理参数范围做参数化试验,探讨加工质量的改进效果。实验结果表明：振镜式激光加工速度相较于普通数控加工系统提高了15倍左右,加工缺陷占比可控制在5%以内。     

单元可旋转的频率选择表面电磁散射特性分析

采用基于三角基函数的矩量法分析单元可旋转的周期性频率选择结构的散射特性,通过坐标变换推导单元旋转后矩量法的计算公式,通过计算研究单元旋转对周期性频率选择结构散射特性的影响。与传统的频率选择表面相比,提出的新型频率选择结构具有易于调节频率选择特性且易于实现的优点。     

频率选择表面的分析方法和仿真技术研究

采用有限元法对频率选择表面进行分析,研究Ansoft HFSS软件用于频率选择表面仿真的可行性。以六边形单元频率选择表面为实例探索Ansoft HFSS软件仿真频率选择表面的方法及过程。采用光刻技术制作出六边形单元频率选择表面样片。通过对仿真曲线和样片实测曲线的对比,证明Ansoft HFSS软件用于频率选择表面仿真的方法是正确的。同时,通过圆环和十字单元结构的实例,进一步验证了其仿真的可靠性。软件仿真中同时考虑了频率选择表面的频域特性和时域特性,而用传统的计算方法设计的频率选择表面只能考虑其中的一种特性,因此该仿真设计方法更准确。     

基于缝隙单元的3D多模频率选择结构研究

为了实现高性能的滤波响应,提出了一类新型基于缝隙单元的三维多模频率选择结构。首先以传统2D“十字”缝隙型频率选择表面及其级联结构为例,阐述了2D频率选择表面在结构、性能上的优缺点。为了进一步改善滤波性能,分别提出了基于均匀缝隙单元、阶梯阻抗缝隙单元、多模吸波式缝隙单元的3D频率选择结构。该类型频率选择结构可基于传输线理论进行分析,在设计频段内可产生多个谐振模式而展现出高性能滤波响应,故在微波毫米波频段具有良好的应用前景。     

基于十字形的改进新型频率选择表面

通过对传统的十字单元进行改进,设计了两种新型单元的频率选择表面( FSS)。利用谱域分析法,从理论上分析了传统十字单元和新型单元FSS,研究了TE 波入射时角度变化和大角度入射下极化方式变化对中心频率的影响。仿真结果表明：在TE 波从 0°～60°以不同角度入射时,传统十字单元的中心频率漂移为420 MHz,两种新型单元中心频率的漂移量分别为180MHz 和210MHz, 减少了1/2 以上;在45°不同极化方式的波入射时,传统十字单元中心频率的漂移量为990MHz,两种新型单元的漂移量为150MHz 和120MHz,减少了2/3 以上。与传统十字单元相比,两种新型FSS 单元均能实现TE 波入射时的角度稳定性和大角度入射时的良好的极化稳定性,为FSS 在天线雷达领域中的应用提供了基础。     

任意形状单元有限微带阵列的电磁散射分析

提出一种有限微带阵列电磁散射特性分析的有效方法。该法采用有限阵格林函数与矩量法相结合的方法，有效地解决了矩量法在大型阵列电磁特性分析中的计算效率问题；通过选取RWG基函数，使该法适用于任何单元形状的微带阵列。文中计算了矩形、十字形及圆形单元微带阵列的雷达截面，并与常规矩量法和参考文献的计算结果进行了比对，验证了该方法的有效性。     

十字形频率选择表面单元的传输系数分析

传输系数是频率选择表面的一项重要技术指标。简要介绍了利用谱域Galerkin法计算平面频率选择表面传输系数的方法。该方法以平面波谱展开和傅里叶变换为基础,通过矩量法求解频率选择表面电流,进而求得传输系数。对一个十字形频率选择表面的传输系数进行了测量和计算,并将测量结果和计算结果进行了比较,两者吻合得较好,验证了本方法的正确性。     

Theoretical approach of the assessment of the EM field in the vicinity of aperture antennas

In this work, an assessment of the influence of the field probes on the uncertainty in the measurements of the electric and magnetic field in the vicinity of aperture antennas is presented. A uniform aperture distribution is considered because the field of a tapered distribution aperture can be reduced to that of a uniform one. Moreover, the effect of probe size and configuration is presented through a comparison between the theoretically calculated and the expected values. Field probes of a single or more perpendicular dipoles are investigated. The maximum permissible length of the dipoles for an accurate field assessment depends on the field's gradient. In the regions where the relative amplitude and phase of the electric field along the measuring device does not exhibit considerable variation, even half-wavelength dipoles can be used. It is also found that probes with sizes less than 0.1/spl lambda/ ensure measurement uncertainty less than 0.5 dB for field variation up to 7 dB//spl lambda/.     

Interwoven convoluted element frequency selective surfaces with wide bandwidths

The interweaving of adjacent convoluted elements of crossed dipoles is shown to give reductions in operating frequencies of almost 15 times for single layer surfaces. The frequency stability with oblique incidence is observed to be significantly better than for simple crossed dipoles. At normal incidence the fractional reflection bandwidth increases to more than 60% and the common bandwidth for oblique incidence up to 45/spl deg/ is 46%.     

正交偶极子的极化特性分析

双极化相控阵天线的极化特性及其对目标极化散射矩阵测量的影响,将决定相控阵体制雷达获取目标极化信息的精度和能力,是相控阵雷达极化技术的基础。以正交偶极子为阵元模型,分析了双极化阵列天线的空域极化特性及其对雷达目标极化散射矩阵测量的影响。由于两阵元辐射电场在偏离视轴方向的非正交性,不可避免地会引起两天线交叉极化之间的相互干扰。根据传统交叉极化评价指标的定义,分析了正交偶极子天线的交叉极化特性,并从目标极化特性测量性能的角度,定义了双极化雷达系统的交叉极化隔离度,将其表示为极化测量系数矩阵条件数的形式,以衡量全极化相控阵雷达天线的交叉极化特性。     

Direction and polarization estimation using arrays with small loopsand short dipoles

It is shown that when polarization-sensitive arrays consisting of crossed small loops and short dipoles are used, one can eliminate the requirement in the ESPRIT algorithm that sensors must occur in matched pairs. The dipoles and loops are sensitive to the polarizations of incident electromagnetic plane waves. The dipoles are sensitive to the incident electric field components, and the loops to magnetic field components of the incident waves. The invariance properties among the dipole and loop outputs of an arbitrary array of orthogonal loops and orthogonal dipoles are exploited to compute both the two-dimensional arrival angles and polarizations of incoming narrowband signals. It is shown that with dipoles and loops, vertical arrays are not necessary to obtain good direction estimates for signals from low angles     

宽频段空间信号频率、二维到达角和极化联合估计

在空间欠采样的条件下,通过巧妙定义稀疏L型阵列的四阶累积量输出矩阵,利用高阶累计量的盲高斯及阵列扩展特性,实现了宽频段空间非高斯信号频率、到达角和极化估计的分离,给出了一个基于四阶累积量 ESPRIT和整数搜索解模糊的任意高斯噪声环境下多个独立空间信号频率、二维到达角和极化的联合估计算法,L型阵列由和坐标轴方向一致的偶极子对组成,数值模拟结果证实了该文方法的有效性。     

The receive voltage transmission function of a phased array antenna element

A general method has been developed for determining the voltage response of a phased array element to an incoming electric field. The incident field may arrive from any scan angle, and mutual coupling effects are accounted for in terms of the array element active reflection coefficient. The method defines a receive voltage transmission functionbar{T}(theta, phi, f)as a term whose product with the incident electric fieldE_{i}(theta, phi, f) results in the array element voltage response. The derivation ofbar{T}(theta, phi, f)is obtained by treating each phased array antenna element as a receiving aperture, having an active impedance related to the mutual coupling in the array. The element effective length is formulated using an array element receive equivalent circuit, and the transmission functionbar{T}(theta, phi, f)is obtained using this effective length formulation. The usefulness of the transmission function for studying the response of a phased array element to particular radar signal waveforms is suggested, and an experimental evaluation ofbar{T}(theta phi, f)is described using mutual coupling measurements on a 37-element crossed dipole test array.     

Reflection properties of periodic surfaces of loaded dipoles

Two-dimensional periodic arrays of dipoles or slots act as reflecting or transmitting surfaces, respectively, which have bandpass filter characteristics. The resonant frequency and the bandwidth may be controlled by varying the length, spacing, and load impedance of the dipoles (slots). A theoretical and experimental investigation of the scattering by a two-dimensional array of loaded dipoles is described. The scattering through the resonance region shows that a unit reflection coefficient is achieved. The effect of grating-lobe radiation is included. The scattering properties as a function of the angle of incidence are given for both loaded and unloaded dipoles. The loaded dipole array described in this paper produces a narrower bandwidth than the array of unloaded dipoles, and the resonant frequency is much less dependent on the angle of incidence. The resonant frequency of the array as well as the bandwidth depends strongly on the resonant frequency of the dipole element as would be expected; however, it is also substantially influenced by the interelement spacing and the angle of incidence.     

A Sensitivity Analysis of Frequency Selective Surfaces at Millimeter Wave Band

This work presents a sensitivity analysis for the resonant frequency and bandwidth of frequency selective surfaces (FSS) as a function of the structural parameters. The frequency selective surface structure considered here is composed by crossed dipole conductive patches deposited on an anisotropic dielectric layer. Firstly, the moment method is used in combination with the immittance technique in the spectral domain to determine the frequency response of the analyzed structure. Secondly, numerical techniques are used to obtain the resonant frequency and bandwidth sensitivities as a function of the considered FSS structural parameters.