室内甲醛检测仪的设计

本文设计了一种基于单片机的甲醛浓度实时检测系统。该系统以AT89C52单片机为核心,选用专用的CH20/S—10甲醛传感器检测甲醛浓度。甲醛气体经甲醛传感器后,得到相应的电压信号,再经电路放大转换成标准电压信号,输入模/数转换器ADC0809,经单片机进行相应的数据处理,得到的数字信号送入LCD显示器,把相应的气体浓度值显示出来。该系统可以达到实时检测甲醛气体浓度的目的。     

基于模糊神经网络的气体检测

介绍了基于模糊神经网络(FNN)的气体检测系统.通过该系统,对甲醛气体进行了定量检测分析.实验结果表明:该系统能以较高的精度检测出气体的浓度,有一定的实用性.     

低功耗、便携式室内空气质量检测系统设计

本系统以MSP430F5529单片机为核心,采用MQ138甲醛检测传感器、MS2200-P1一氧化碳检测传感器等多种传感器检测室内空气中甲醛、一氧化碳等有害气体并检测甲醛浓度;利用AM2301温湿度传感器对现场温湿度进行实时监测,并通过段式液晶显示屏实时显示甲醛浓度读数,温度、湿度读数。整个系统体积小,重量轻,采用电池供电,携带方便。系统功耗低,价格低,适合家庭使用的空气质量检测系统,能快捷服务健康生活。     

BP神经网络在室内甲醛定量分析中的应用

针对室内低浓度甲醛气体的定量分析中,反向传播(BP)算法初始权重敏感性、容易陷入局部极值等问题,以遗传算法优化BP网络,对浓度范围在(0.002~0.06)×10 -6的30组不同浓度的甲醛气体进行定量分析.通过对室内气体中的甲醛气体的初始数据进行优化,将优化的权值阈值代入BP网络,进行浓度的回归分析,并与BP神经网络模型回归效果对比,结果表明:遗传算法优化BP网络方法运行时间约为BP网络的1/2,且预测精度明显高于BP网络.相较于BP网络,遗传算法与BP网络结合更适合处理甲醛气体定量分析问题.     

更正启事

北京康尔兴科技发展有限公司自行研制开发了CPR-B系列室内空气质量检测仪。可以分别检测室内甲醛、氨气、臭氧、一氧化碳等多种有害气体。该检测仪采用定电位电解传感器，该传感器是在特定的电位，将气体进行电解，通过测定电解气体所产生的电流而测得气体浓度，输出电流与气体浓度成正比。     

基于STM32的室内有害气体自动检测与排风系统

为了应对日益严重的室内空气质量问题,本文设计了一种室内有害气体自动检测与排风系统。该系统以STM32单片机为控制核心,通过PM2.5传感器和MS1100VOC甲醛传感器对室内的有害气体进行浓度检测,并通过含有活性炭过滤功能的排风装置吸收降低室内有害气体的浓度,为居住者提供更为良好的室内环境。     

一种便携式室内空气质量快速检测仪设计

设计一种涉及室内甲醛（ HCHO）、氨（ NH3）和苯（ C6 H6）三种有害气体浓度的便携式快速检测仪。该仪器采用新型电化学传感器与基于FPGA的新型高精度信号处理电路得到对应气体的初始浓度值,并结合室内环境气压和温湿度实时监测情况,修正初始浓度值,对浓度超标气体进行声光报警。该仪器具有检测速度快、精度高和携带方便等优点,为大众家庭实时快速检测室内空气质量提供一种简单可靠的方法与手段。     

以化学计量学方法研究聚氨葡糖膜自动采集微量甲醛气的红外光谱与吸附量的定量关系

用聚氨葡糖膜被动采集微量甲醛气体和高灵敏红外光谱分析仪,检测其中气体的光谱.再用多元散射校正(MSC)法,校正因膜厚薄不均导致光程异常,以了解光谱与甲醛吸附量(从10μg～105.2μg)与不同波数的关系.再用偏最小二乘(PIS)-去-交互检验法,在相关性好的光谱区间建模.结果表明:根据不M波数的关系,了解与甲醛含量变化密切相关的光谱区间,与聚氨葡糖膜的红外吸收谱带相对应.含有氨基吸收游峰特征区间 315 cm-1 632 cm-1建模优势明显,当隐变量为6时,最小预测误差为6.44 μg,相关系数为0.9847.利用聚氨葡糖膜吸附甲醛气体的特性,建立的甲醛自动采样技术,有效采集微量甲醛样品,测定聚氨葡糖膜的红外光谱,了解甲醛浓度的变化,为快速测量室内微量甲醛气体奠定了基础.     

外磁场诱导Ni-ZnO型甲醛传感器气敏性研究

结合NiO和四针状纳米ZnO的优点,提出了利用平行和垂直气敏膜的磁场诱导Ni纳米颗粒在四针状纳米ZnO气敏膜中的分布来制备甲醛气体传感器的方法.介绍了制备方法,分析了对甲醛的敏感性及其气敏性机理,测试了在不同使用方式中的稳定性.实验结果表明:平行于厚膜表面的磁诱导5%的Ni掺杂ZnO厚膜具有较好的稳定性,同时,对甲醛具有最佳的气敏性和检测的重复性,以其作为甲醛气体探测器具有很好的前景.     

眼见不一定为实——海尔醛知道HR-10SMW

自古以来,人们一直接受“耳听为虚,眼见为实”的观念。然而,眼见一定为实吗？实际上,我们身边潜伏着各种看不见的气体,其中就包括对人体有害的气体——甲醛。甲醛是一种无色、有强烈刺激性气味的气体。甲醛在室内达到一定浓度时,可能会引起头晕、咽喉不适、胸闷等。我们装修新房时,用到的不少材料都或多或少含有甲醛,即使商家宣传其产品不合甲醛或甲醛不超标,我们又凭什么相信呢？最近我拿到了一款甲醛监测设备就能帮我们验证商家的话,它就是海尔醛知道HR—1OSMWA智能甲醛监测仪（以下简称“醛知道”）。     

First measurements of formaldehyde integral content in the atmosphere using MAX-DOAS in the Moscow region

We present the first observations of formaldehyde (HCHO) atmospheric column performed for Zvenigorod, Moscow region, Russia. The data were retrieved from UV spectra of the scattered solar radiation measured by the multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) instrument developed by the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology. We developed an algorithm for the HCHO retrieval from these spectra. For retrieval of the HCHO differential slant column densities, we used the DOAS settings used as baseline in the Cabauw Intercomparison Campaign of Nitrogen Dioxide Measuring Instruments (CINDI). The slant column densities of HCHO were converted to vertical column densities (VCDs) using the air mass factors calculated by a radiative transfer model. The determination of HCHO in the reference spectrum used multi-axis measurements.

The variability of the HCHO vertical column in 2010 is analysed. The HCHO vertical column density is larger during east wind directions than during non-east wind directions. This can be associated with the Moscow Megacity influence on air quality at Zvenigorod. The estimation of the Moscow Megacity influence on HCHO abundance at Zvenigorod is around 2.5 × 10¹⁴ molec cm^?2 per 1 km length of trajectory path inside the Moscow Ring Road.

A temperature effect is noticeable in the HCHO VCD. Our data show a statistically significant positive temperature effect in HCHO for the background condition for temperatures from ?5°C to +33°C. The temperature trend in HCHO data at Zvenigorod Scientific Station is about (8.9 ± 2.3) × 10¹⁴ molec cm^?2 (°C)^?1. The increase of the HCHO VCD during increase of the air temperature can be explained by the HCHO formation from non-methane biogenic volatile organic compounds (e.g. isoprene) for which more emission is expected at higher temperatures, and by growth of areas of forest and turf fires.     

基于LabVIEW的材料法向吸声系数测量实验系统的研制

采用双传声器传递函数法,运用NI声振信号采集系统及LabVIEW软件,完成了材料法向吸声系数测量软硬件系统的研制,实现了测量管道设计、信号采集系统确定及分析程序的开发工作,应用本系统对海绵吸声材料样品进行了实验测量,验证了系统的有效性。     

Remote sensing of atmospheric biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) via satellite-based formaldehyde vertical column assessments

Global vegetation is intrinsically linked to atmospheric chemistry and climate, and better understanding vegetation–atmosphere interactions can allow scientists to not only predict future change patterns, but also to suggest future policies and adaptations to mediate vegetation feedbacks with atmospheric chemistry and climate. Improving global and regional estimates of biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOCs) emissions is of great interest for their biological and environmental effects and possible positive and negative feedbacks related to climate change and other vectors of global change. Multiple studies indicate that BVOCs are on the rise, and with near 20 years of global remote sensing of formaldehyde (HCHO), the immediate and dominant BVOC atmospheric oxidation product, the accurate and quantitative linkage of BVOCs with plant ecology, atmospheric chemistry, and climate change is of increasing relevance. The remote sensing of BVOCs, via HCHO in a three step process, suffers from an additive modelling error, but improvements in each of the steps have reduced this error by over a multiplication factor improvement compared to estimates without remote sensing. Differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) measurement of the HCHO slant columns from spectral absorption properties has been adapted to include the correction of numerous spectral artefacts and intricately refined for each of a series of sensors of increasing spectral and spatial resolution. Conversion of HCHO slant to HCHO vertical columns using air mass factors (AMFs) has been improved with the launch of new sensors and the incorporation of radiative transfer and chemical transport models (CTM). The critical process of linking HCHO to BVOC emissions and filtering non-biogenic emissions to explicitly quantify biogenic emissions has also greatly improved. This critical last step in down-scaling from global satellite coverage to local biogenic emissions now benefits from the increasing precision and near-explicitness of available CTMs as well as the increasing availability of global remote-sensing data sets needed to proportionally assign the HCHO column to different related biogenic (global plant functional type and land cover classifications), atmospheric (dust, aerosols, clouds, other trace gases), climate (temperature, wind, precipitation), and anthropogenic (fire, biomass burning) factors.     

应用TDLAS探测气体的误差分析与补偿研究

针对基于可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱技术(TDLAS)的气体体积分数检测系统,介绍了TDLAS探测气体体积分数的原理;详细分析了测量误差的影响因素;研究了将所测得的吸收谱线扣除背景谱线,对采集到的二次谐波信号采用最小二乘波形拟合的信号处理方法。这种方法可以有效地抑制噪声干扰,提高探测灵敏度。     

Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Distribution Variatio of Formaldehyde by the OMI Satellite Sensor

In recent years，the atmospheric environmental issues become increasingly significant.Formaldehyde (HCHO) as a kind of carcinogen，its global testing to understand the spatial and temporal distribution and content in the atmosphere，has important significance for the detection of air quality and public safety.The study on the use of satellite AURE mounted OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) a new generation of atmospheric detection sensors，data for the 2005~2014 January，April，July，October Tianshui vertical columns of tropospheric HCHO concentrations of trace data for each year.By VISON，GIS and other software combined with the product handling，explores the spatial distribution of Tianshui area HCHO，the time variation and their influencing factors.The results show that: the study area，the vertical columns of tropospheric HCHO concentration in 2005 showing sustained growth trend in 2012，2012~2014 chronology exhibit significantly decreased;winter and summer HCHO vertical column concentrations significantly higher than the spring and autumn，which highest in summer and winter followed; the eastern part of the study area and adjacent areas in Shanxi\|parts of Gangu County，Wushan County，exhibits a significantly higher value and lower central region of HCHO Tianshui vertical column density，and in 2014 the performance of HCHO concentration in the study area values are generally higher.Studies have shown that remote sensing is important for large\|scale atmospheric environmental monitoring.     

MEMS热电堆高温测试系统中单晶材料的红外衰减特性研究

在对PerkinElmer公司的MEMS热电堆红外探测器静态和动态特性实验研究的基础上,本文提出了由MEMS热电堆、红外衰减片、靶体和存储模块组成瞬态表面高温测试装置的方案,对拓宽测温上限的关键元件--红外陶瓷衰减片进行了较深八的研究,用MEMS热电堆测量方法测量了氧化锆陶瓷片红外吸收系数,得出了不同厚度氧化锆（熔点为2715℃）陶瓷片红外衰减倍数曲线,为基于MEMS热电堆的表面高温测试装置的设计提供了依据。     

红外吸收型CO_2气体传感器的设计

根据CO2气体的吸收光谱,基于比尔朗伯定律,设计了一种易于实现的红外吸收型CO2气体传感器。它采用单束双波长非发散性红外测量方法,对CO2气体实现了高精度、高选择性的检测。该传感器结构简单、外形尺寸小、性能稳定、抗干扰能力强,具有广阔的应用前景。     

测量甲烷体积分数的高灵敏度光纤传感器研究

基于气体的红外吸收原理,研究了一种能在复杂环境下测量甲烷气体体积分数的新方法.这种方法可以有效地减小由于光源的不稳定、环境的变化而引起的测量误差.在这种测量方法中设计了一条参考测量光路,此参考测量光路和测量光路同时随环境的变化而变化,通过对待测量气体光路与参考气体测量光路作对比而得出较为准确的待测甲烷气体体积分数.     

基于相关滤波技术的SO2气体浓度监测系统设计

介绍一种基于相关滤波技术的非分散红外SO2气体浓度测量方法.该方法是在相关运算原理和SO2红外吸收特性基础上,结合相关检测和气体滤波技术,有效解决了近年来空气中SO2污染严重且在非分散红外SO2检测系统中噪声干扰大的问题,实现了对微弱光信号的调制和检测,并实现了新型SO2浓度监测仪的设计.试验表明,系统有10(-6)的检测灵敏度.     

测量耙对小尺寸发动机性能影响的研究

采用燃气发生器法进行小尺寸涡喷/涡扇发动机性能评价时,测量耙对截面参数和喷管特性的准确获取存在影响,最终导致发动机标准净推力准确度降低.为了减小上述影响,降低标准净推力计算误差,讨论了测量耙对发动机共同工作的影响,分析了测量耙对发动机喷管性能的影响,并基于数值仿真研究带耙/无耙喷管特性、测量耙损失特性,结合测量耙后截面...