共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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聚乳酸的微波辐射合成方法研究 总被引:30,自引:2,他引:28
采用微波加热提供反应所需热量,以丙交酯为原料,辛酸亚锡的甲苯溶液为催化剂,进行丙交酯开环聚合反应,开展了聚乳酸的微波辐射合成工艺及相关基础研究。在最佳条件下(催化剂辛酸亚锡与单体的摩尔比为0.001,SiC作辅助加热介质,微波功率为450W,反应18min)合成了分子量为2.5×104的聚乳酸。 相似文献
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DL-乳酸熔融缩聚的催化体系研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在旋转蒸发器中进行DL-乳酸的熔融缩聚,考察辛酸亚锡、二氯化锡、钛酸四正丁酯等单一催化剂和辛酸亚锡/氧化锌、辛酸亚锡/氧化锌/对甲苯磺酸等复合催化剂对聚DL-乳酸分子量和收率的影响.单一催化体系,辛酸亚锡的催化效果较好.辛酸亚锡与氧化锌和对甲苯磺酸复合使用后,聚DL-乳酸的分子量有较大幅度提高,达到11000(v),收率达到96%.后期的热处理对促进DL-乳酸的缩聚反应作用不明显。 相似文献
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L-丙交酯和聚L-乳酸的制备与性能 总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24
从左旋L-乳酸经高温催化反应得到低聚L-乳酸,再经高温裂解减压蒸馏制得单体L-丙交酯(LLA),理论收率高达80%以上。LLA经纯化,再以辛酸亚锡为催化剂开环聚合得到聚L-丙交酯(聚L-乳酸,PLLA),其粘均分子量可达到40万。 相似文献
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聚L-丙交酯合成工艺条件研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在超声波辐射条件下 ,以丙交酯为原料、辛酸亚锡为催化剂 ,通过开环聚合反应制得聚L 丙交酯 (PLLA)。应用红外光谱 (IR)表征聚合物的结构 ,详细讨论了丙交酯纯度、聚合温度、聚合时间和超声辐射对聚合物分子质量的影响。优化聚合条件可获得粘均分子量 >1 80× 1 0 3的聚丙交酯材料 ,聚合结果具有良好的重复性 相似文献
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《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2018,113(9):1488-1506
In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method. 相似文献
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Steffen Müller-Probandt 《材料科学与工程:中英文B版...》2018,(4):161-177
We associate a variety of innovations with the term "Industry 4.0". The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di... 相似文献
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Janet Lang 《Materials and Manufacturing Processes》2017,32(7-8):857-866
ABSTRACTThe production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them. 相似文献
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A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils. 相似文献
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Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production ex-factory inspection trade 《中国标准化(英文版)》2008,25(1):24-25
Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.…… 相似文献
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A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa. 相似文献
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S. K. Malhotra Paramanand Singh A. Thirunavukkarasu 《Materials and Manufacturing Processes》2006,21(7):652-657
Al2O3-ZrO2 nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness. 相似文献
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On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.…… 相似文献
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Friction Stir Processing Strategies for Uniform Distribution of Reinforcement in a Surface Composite
Vipin Sharma Yashpal Gupta Ujjwal Prakash 《Materials and Manufacturing Processes》2016,31(10):1384-1392
Friction stir processing (FSP) is an important technique for preparing surface composites. Fabricating defect-free surface composites with uniform particle distribution by FSP is a challenging task. In this study, silicon carbide particles reinforced AA5083 alloy surface composites was fabricated using different FSP strategies including variation in process parameters, dual-tool processing and tool offset overlapping. Material flow of the processed material with reinforcement particles demonstrated that the distribution of particles was influenced by the stirring action of the probe as well as the extrusion of the plasticized material due to the movement of the tool. Process parameters, particularly rotational speed, showed a dominant influence on the distribution of silicon carbide particles. 相似文献