稀土元素对重轨钢动态再结晶和珠光体片间距的影响

应用Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机对重轨钢BNbRE和U71Mn进行单道次压缩试验,测定850～1 150℃下的真应力-真应变曲线,研究不同终轧温度和稀土元素对重轨钢动态再结晶的影响,并用扫描电镜观察变形后空冷的显微组织。结果表明,稀土元素能显著地抑制形变奥氏体的动态再结晶并细化珠光体片层间距。因此,稀土元素可抑制重轨钢动态再结晶,使其在较高终轧温度下仍能得到细小均匀的显微组织。     

重轨端部热处理连续冷却转变曲线的测定及组织特征分析

利用热模拟机测定了U71Mn钢的连续冷却转变曲线,并对其连续冷却转变进行了全面研究,分析了U71Mn钢连续冷却转变的组织与性能之间的关系,为制定合理的重轨端部热处理生产工艺提供依据.     

50kg/m重轨塑性值探讨——多元回归法确定U71Mn最佳成分

本文从近年现场生产实际出发:简述了50kg/m重轨钢U71Mn热轧性能状况,运用多元回归分析的方法,总结出50kg/m重轨U71Mn钢强度、塑性与主要化学成分碳、硅、锰之间的定量关系式。优化选择了在当前生产条件下U71Mn钢种的化学成分范围。     

U71Mn重轨钢高温力学性能研究

文章研究了U71Mn重轨钢的高温力学性能,通过对U71Mn重轨钢热塑性,延伸率、抗拉强度与温度的关系的分析可知:800~875℃、925~1 030℃为U71Mn的两个脆性温度区,在高温拉矫时,应该尽量避免这两个温度区,以保证在拉矫时不会出现裂纹;875~930℃热塑性和高温强度最好,所以在连铸生产过程中应选该温度范围为理论的拉矫温度;U71Mn温度在900℃时的热塑性最好。     

重轨万能连轧变形计算的数学模型及其应用

分析了重轨万能轧制精轧机组UR、ER/EF和UF三机架的变形特点,并建立了相应的数学模型。对U71Mn钢(%:0.7C、1.0Mn、0.1Cr)60 kg/m重轨的连轧计算结果表明,模拟值接近设计值,轨头和轨底宽度中间道次误差分别为0.13%～0.66%和0.45%～1.3%,较好地反映了轧件轨头和轨底宽度的变化趋势。     

重轨钢铸坯热装影响因素分析和数值模拟

采用有限差分法建立了钢水从结晶器至二冷区和空冷区冷却过程以及280 mm ×380 mm连铸坯热装热送的温度模型,并分析了重轨钢U71Mn(%:0.66～0.76C、0.15～0.35Si、1.10～1.40Mn)和U75V(%:0.70～0.78C、0.50～0.70Si、0.75～1.05Mn、0.04～0.08V)中的氧、氮含量、铸坯低倍组织和加热炉人口处铸坯输送辊道等对该钢热装的影响。模拟结果表明,重轨钢铸坯热装可缩短加热时间40 min,铸坯输送辊道的工作温度为250℃。     

重轨钢连铸凝固末端位置研究及工艺优化

根据武钢第一炼钢厂重轨钢连铸生产条件,建立380 mm ×280 mm方坯凝固传热数学模型,并采用射钉法验证及修正。模拟结果表明,U71Mn和U75V钢的凝固末端各自位于距结晶器液面16.96～21.68 m和16.50～21.17 m;减弱二冷强度或增大拉速,U71Mn和U75V钢凝固终点均会明显后移。根据计算结果,二冷制度由弱冷(0.346 L/kg)改为超弱冷(0.218 L/kg),拉速采用0.7 m/min,应用1～4~#机架轻压下,压下量为5～7 mm,U71Mn和U75V钢凝固终点延长至21 m以上。连铸工艺优化后,重轨钢大方坯中心疏松Ⅰ级内平均合格率由89.64%提高到99.50%。     

钒对微合金化重轨钢高温塑性的影响

用Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机研究了U71Mn钢(%:0.75C、1.20Mn)和U75V钢(%:0.75C、0.94Mn、0.05V、0.005Al)700～1300℃的高温塑性。结果表明,由于碳氮化钒在晶界和晶粒内部析出,加钒降低微合金化重轨钢的高温塑性,特别是第Ⅲ脆性区(850℃)的塑性。为防止铸坯裂纹出现,铸坯矫直温度应≥900℃。     

重轨端部淬火温度场与相变的计算机模拟

运用有限元法对U71Mn钢(%:0.65～0.76C、0.15～0.35Si、1.10～1.40Mn、≤0.030V、≤0.025Ti)重轨端部电磁感应加热55 s,空冷8 s,喷风冷却42 s,空冷至常温的热处理过程进行了计算机模拟分析,计算机图形学理论动态显示轨端内部任意时刻的温度分布、组织分布。模拟结果表明,在该冷却条件下淬火后端部横断面组织为细片状珠光体(索氏体+托氏体),无马氏体、贝氏体等组织,与实验结果相吻合。     

锰及其偏析对U71Mn钢轨雾化全长淬火工艺的影响

本文讨论了Mn及其偏析对U71Mn钢轨淬火工艺的影响,用光学显微镜和电子显微镜研究了U71Mn钢轨全长淬火中的白块组织,并讨论了其形成的原因。在试验的基础上肯定了U71Mn钢轨不适合作全长淬火用钢。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

参与式农业基地建设行动方案设计

为了编制实用性强的基地建设行动方案,首先,确定参与式发展的主体,搭建一个"决策框架";其次,针对行动目标,提出不同参与主体,如管理者、农民、消费者等团队与个人的目标及行动内容;最后,工作应向重塑伙伴式合作关系,挖掘农民自我发展潜力,完成三大角色的转换,打造农业基地文化等方向推进.