内拱内壁含球形凹坑缺陷弯管的塑性极限内压研究

运用有限元分析软件ANSYS10·0对内拱内壁含球形凹坑缺陷弯管的塑性极限载荷进行了分析,得出了比较理想的结果。与相关研究成果做了对比,得出了缺陷尺寸一样时,缺陷所处位置的不同会导致弯管的塑性极限载荷不同的结论。     

含整圈周向内裂纹厚壁圆筒的极限载荷

基于von Mises屈服准则,考虑厚壁圆筒三向应力分布的不均匀性以及厚壁圆筒的几何特性,推导出了含整圈环向内裂纹厚壁圆筒在内压和轴向力共同作用下的理想弹塑性材料极限载荷表达式,并进行了有限元验证。结果表明,理论解与有限元结果接近,且理论解偏保守。     

基于有限元方法的厚壁圆筒在热力耦合作用下的强度分析

针对在热力耦合复杂工况条件下厚壁圆筒自增强压力及最大工作载荷传统理论解计算困难,提出采用有限元技术及最优化方法,建立了最佳自增强压力及最大工作载荷优化模型,在不考虑温度载荷下,数值解与理论解误差仅为0.24%,从而验证了数值模型的可靠性,同时对圆筒在不同受热方式下的结构承载特性进行了定量分析,并给出了在内加热条件下圆筒的最佳自增强压力和最大工作载荷.     

热-机载荷下厚壁圆筒自增强压力与安全性分析

推导厚壁圆筒在内压及热梯度载荷作用下的最佳自增强压力,并基于ANSYS优化分析结果对理论解进行验证.同时进一步探讨循环热机载荷下自增强对厚壁圆筒安定行为的影响.结果表明,不考虑热载荷时自增强处理会增大工作状态下圆筒内外壁应力差,从而降低结构的疲劳强度;当量纲一温度tn(0.75时,最佳自增强压力的理论解与数值解一致,最大误差不超过1%,而当0.75相似文献   

统一强度理论在厚壁圆筒自增强中的应用

采用统一强度理论分析了厚壁圆筒自增强中的一些关键问题,得出了非自增强厚壁圆筒弹性极限载荷和塑性极限载荷的统一解的形式,以及弹塑性界面上当量应力最小时的弹塑性界面半径,并导出了当材料拉、压强度不同,及考虑中间主应力的情况下,自增强处理不发生反向屈服时的圆筒径比。另外,利用统一强度理论公式比较了现有的几种强度理论在自增强分析中所得的结果。     

热-机械载荷下厚壁圆筒自增强压力优化分析

理论上推导了厚壁圆筒在内压及热载荷共同作用下的最佳自增强压力,并基于ANSYS的优化分析结果对理论解进行了验证。结果表明最佳自增强压力的理论解与数值解一致,最大误差不超过1%;另外,不考虑热载荷进行自增强后,会增大工作状态下厚壁圆筒内外壁应力差,降低结构的疲劳强度;工程上可根据本文解析解进行自增强处理,以提高厚壁圆筒的承载能力。     

循环内压载荷下厚壁圆筒的棘轮极限

在循环内压载荷下,采用非循环法等方法推导了不同壁厚下厚壁圆筒的棘轮极限解析解,提出了相应的设计方法,并采用有限元方法进行了验证。理论解与有限元分析结果吻合良好。结果表明,此方法可用于循环内压载荷及类似工况下厚壁圆筒的棘轮极限设计,具有一定的工程价值。     

厚壁圆筒自增强理论与数值模拟对比分析

自增强处理技术能有效提高设备承载能力,在高压和超高压设备中具有广泛应用。在第三强度理论的基础上提出厚壁圆筒最佳自增强处理内压的简便计算公式,有助于设计人员快速确定最佳自增强处理内压。并利用有限元软件,建立了厚壁圆筒力学模型,对比自增强处理前后厚壁圆筒的应力分布,从分析结果可以看出,对于提高圆筒承载能力,自增强处理技术具有明显优势。同时,对厚壁圆筒有限元模型施加不同自增强处理内压,得到相同工作压力作用下不同自增强处理内压与厚壁圆筒最大应力值的关系曲线,从而确定厚壁圆筒的最佳自增强处理内压值。对比所推导的理论公式计算值,误差仅为6%,符合工程设计计算要求,可以在机械加工工程领域应用推广。     

厚壁圆筒自增强处理的数值模拟

弹塑性理论的自增强技术可以提高厚壁圆筒的承载能力,推导了厚壁圆筒在内压作用下的自增强压力,并基于ANSYS分析结果对解析值进行验证。采用三个载荷步加载,对厚壁圆筒的自增强处理过程进行了弹塑性有限元模拟分析,得出了不同阶段应力的分布规律。在弹性状态下,分析值与解析值误差小于0.4%,从而验证了模拟分析的可靠性。在分析过程中得到的一些值得注意的规律及图形可供工程设计时参考,也使得弹塑性理论公式中参数间的关系和变化规律更清晰。     

含腐蚀缺陷弯管的极限载荷分析

应用有限元分析软件ANSYS对含腐蚀缺陷弯管在内压载荷作用下进行有限元分析。分析中考虑了材料非线性和几何非线性的影响,并根据Binfu失效准则,计算分析出弯管不同缺陷尺寸对弯管极限载荷的影响、弯管缺陷处的应力分布状态以及缺陷处随内压改变而变化的应力应变图。根据腐蚀区的应力应变图,对模型的塑性极限载荷压力进行预测,得出了缺陷尺寸对塑性极限载荷的影响及变化规律。     

Autofrettage process analysis of a compound cylinder based on the elastic-perfectly plastic and strain hardening stress-strain curve

The autofrettage process enhances the carrying capacity and fatigue lifetime of pressure vessels by increasing their residual stress. A compound cylinder was introduced in order to increase residual stress. An autofrettaged compound cylinder can resist a higher pressure than a single cylinder having the same dimension. This residual stress can be measured through experimental or calculation processes. In this study, residual stress analysis of an autofrettaged compound cylinder was conducted. The elastic-perfectly plastic and strain hardening models were investigated. The residual stress distribution of the autofrettaged compound cylinder with shrink fit tolerance was predicted. Shrink fit is a very efficient way to extend compressive residual stress. The compressive residual stress of the strain-hardening model is smaller than that of the elastic-perfectly plastic model because of the Bauschinger effect. The compressive residual stress of the strain hardening model decreased by up to 80% overstrain level.     

A residual stress analysis program using a Matlab GUI on an autofrettaged compound cylinder

A program for the residual stress analysis of an autofrettaged compound cylinder is designed using a Matlab graphical user interface (GUI) and program design technique. The high-pressure vessels are autofrettaged in order to increase their operating pressure and fatigue life. An autofrettage process causes plastic expansion of the inner section of the cylinder, adding residual compressive stress to the bore after relaxation. Such a compound cylinder is produced via a shrink-fit procedure that incorporates a monobloc tube that has previously undergone autofrettage. This paper presents a simple and visual tool to calculate the residual stress and describe the distribution of residual stress for both the elastic-perfectly plastic model and the strain-hardening model.     

双层缩套厚壁筒自增强残余应力分析

基于ANSYS平台,使用APDL语言开发了双层缩套厚壁筒自增强残余应力求解参数化有限元接触模型。考虑缩套预应力的影响,基于理想弹塑性材料模型和Mises屈服准则,推导出了双层缩套厚壁筒自增强残余应力解析解,并将其有限元分析值和解析解进行了比较,有限元分析值与解析解在屈服区结果一致,而在弹性区略有差别,与已有的解析解相比,由于考虑了缩套初始预应力对自增强处理过程应力状态的影响,其残余应力有限元模型的仿真结果和解析解都具有更高的精度。     

Effect of optimum plastic depth on stresses and load-bearing capacity of autofrettaged cylinder

Autofrettage is an effective measure to even distribution of stresses and raise load-bearing capacity for (ultra-)high pressure apparatus. Currently, the research on autofrettage has focused mostly on specific engineering problems, while general theoretical study is rarely done. To discover the general law contained in autofrettage theory, by the aid of the authors’ previous work and according to the third strength theory, theoretical problems about autofrettage are studied including residual stresses and their equivalent stress, total stresses and their equivalent stress, etc. Because of the equation of optimum depth of plastic zone which is presented in the authors’ previous work, the equations for the residual stresses and their equivalent stress as well as the total stress and their equivalent stress are simplified greatly. Thus the law of distribution of the residual stresses and their equivalent stress as well as the total stress and their equivalent stress and the varying tendency of these stresses are discovered. The relation among various parameters are revealed. The safe and optimum load-bearing conditions for cylinders are obtained. According to the results obtained by theoretical analysis, it is shown that if the two parameters, namely ratio of outside to inside radius, k, and depth of plastic zone, kj, meet the equation of optimum depth of plastic zone, when the pressure contained in an autofrettaged cylinder is lower than two times the initial yield pressure of the unautofrettaged cylinder, the equivalent residual stress and the equivalent total stress at the inside surface as well as the elastic-plastic juncture of a cylinder are lower than yield strength. When an autofrettaged cylinder is subjected to just two times the initial yield pressure of the unautofrettaged cylinder, the equivalent total stress within the whole plastic zone is just identically equal to the yield strength, or it is a constant. The proposed research theoretically depicts the stress state of ultra-)high pressure autofrettaged cylinder more accurately and more reasonably and provides the reference for design of (ultra-)high pressure apparatus.     

基于应变硬化模型的复合自增强圆筒的应力分析

自增强是通过提高压力容器的残余应力来增强他们的承载能力和疲劳寿命。自增强复合圆筒可以承受比一个具有相同尺寸的单层圆筒更高的压力。引入了应变硬化模型,对自增强复合圆筒的残余应力进行了分析,并对其分布进行了预测。研究表明:复合圆筒内壁的切向残余应力和应力幅随着超应变度的增大而增大。缩套是提高压缩残余应力的一个非常有效的方法。     

泵阀箱材质自增强与疲劳强度研究

以内壁带“Ｖ”型缺口的厚壁圆环为对象,对两种高压泵阀箱常用钢４３ＣｒＮｉ２ＭｏＶａ、４２ＣｒＭｏＡ在自增强处理前后的疲劳寿命进行了理论分析与实验研究。首先用弹塑性有限元法计算了自增强后所形成的残余应力,发现自增强处理后在缺口根部所形成的残余应力有一最大值,有明显的残余应集中现象。     

Analysis on autofrettage of cylinders

Autofrettage is an effective technique to improve load-bearing capacity and safety for pressure vessels.For autofrettaged cylinder,the depth of plastic zone,or overstrain is a key factor which affects load-bearing capacity and safety.The previous research on overstrain was not done in terms of the point of view of raising load-bearing capacity as far as possible and simultaneously avoiding compressive yield for cylinders experiencing autofrettage handling,and there were no analytic solutions of autofrettage in the above view point presented,the 3rd and 4th strength theories were not applied synthetically in the research to compare the results from these two theories.In this paper,with the aid of the analytic method,based on summing up the authors’ previous research,results from autofrettage of a cylinder based on the 3rd and 4th strength theories are studied and compared,and the laws contained in the results are looked into.Then,the essential cause and reason for the obtained laws are analyzed and the inherent and meaning relations between various parameters in autofrettage theory are revealed.It is shown that the maximum radius ratio for equivalent residual stress at inside surface never exceeds the yield strength even for a cylinder experiencing wholly yielded autofrettage,or the critical radius ratio is kc=2.218 457 489 916 7…,irrespective of the 3rd or 4th strength theories.The equation relating the depth of plastic zone with the thickness of a cylinder is identical for the 3rd and 4th strength theories.In form,the optimum load-bearing capacity of an autofrettaged cylinder is two times the initial yield pressure of the unautofrettaged cylinder irrespective of the 3rd or 4th strength theory.The revealed inherent relations between various parameters and varying laws of the parameters as well as the forms of the relations under the 3rd and 4th strength theories not only have theoretical meanings but also have prospects in engineering application.     

Plastic collapse analysis of defective pipelines under multi-loading systems

In this paper, a finite element mathematical programming formulation is presented for the kinematic limit analysis of 3-D rigid–perfectly plastic bodies. A numerical path scheme for radial loading is adopted to deal with complex multi-loading systems. A direct iterative algorithm is employed in solving the above optimization formulation. The numerical procedure has been applied to carry out the plastic collapse analysis of defective pipelines under multi-loading systems. The engineering situation considered has a practical importance in the pipeline industry. The effects of four kinds of typical part-through slots on the collapse loads of pipelines are investigated and evaluated. Some typical failure modes corresponding to different configurations of slots and loading forms are studied.     

Plastic limit loads of defective pipes under combined internal pressure and axial tension

In this paper, a finite element mathematical programming formulation is presented for the statical limit analysis of 3-D perfectly plastic structures. A direct iterative algorithm is employed in solving the above optimization formulation. The numerical procedure has been applied to carry out the plastic collapse analysis of defective pipes under combined internal pressure and axial tension. The engineering situation considered has a practical importance in the pipeline industry. The effects of four kinds of typical part-through slots on the collapse loads of pipes are investigated and evaluated.     

超高压缸自紧增强实验研究

对超高压缸的内应力进行了理论分析,采用液压机直压的方法对超高压缸进行了疲劳实验.实验结果表明,在试验条件下,采用外内径的比值为2.25、材料为40Cr、经过自紧处理的超高压缸在承受相同压力条件下缸体的壁厚最小,疲劳寿命最长.本研究对减少水射流机床超高压缸体壁厚、延长超高压缸寿命具有重要意义.