激光熔覆原位生成Nb_2(C,N)及V_8C_7陶瓷粒子增强铁基金属涂层

采用5kW CO2激光设备,在42CrMo基体上制备出原位合成Nb2(C,N)及V8C7颗粒增强的铁基复合涂层,研究了熔覆层的组织及性能。结果表明:激光熔覆层主要组成相为α-Fe相、γ-Fe相、Nb2(C,N)及V8C7;增强相颗粒弥散分布在铁基复合涂层中,与母材相比,其磨损失重约为母材的1/8,显著提高了熔覆层的硬度和耐磨性。进一步的抗氧化性实验结果表明,氧化层结构连续致密,与42CrMo基体相比,在750℃/120h恒温氧化后的氧化层的厚度约为基体氧化层厚度的1/8。     

钛合金表面激光熔覆TiC/NiCrBSi涂层温度场有限元模拟

为在钛合金表面获得优质激光熔覆涂层,用有限元方法研究了激光熔覆工艺对熔池温度场分布和凝固后熔覆层组织的影响,考虑相变潜热、辐射对流散热以及温度对热物理性能的影响等因素,建立三维有限元模型模拟了Ti6Al4V合金表面激光熔覆TiC/NiCrBSi复合涂层过程中的温度场,并结合熔覆过程的温度场分布,对涂层的形貌、结合区、基...     

Functionally gradient ceramic/metallic coatings for gas turbine components by high-energy beams for high-temperature applications

Failure of turbine blades generally results from high-temperature oxidation, corrosion, erosion, or combinations of these procedures at the tip, and the leading and trailing edges of a turbine blade. To overcome these limitations, functionally gradient ceramic/metallic coatings have been produced by high-energy beams for high-temperature applications in the aerospace and turbine industries to increase the life of turbine components. Thermal spray processes have long been used to apply high-temperature thermal barrier coatings to improve the life of turbine components. However, these processes have not met the increased demand by the aerospace and turbine industries to obtain higher engine temperatures and increased life enhancement as a result of the inhomogeneous microstructure, unmelted particles, voids, and poor bonding with the substrate. High-energy beams, i.e. electron beam-physical vapour deposition (EB-PVD), laser glazing, laser surface alloying, and laser surface cladding, have been explored to enhance the life of turbine components and overcome the limitations of the thermal spray processes. EB-PVD has overcome some of the disadvantages of the thermal spray processes and has increased the life of turbine components by a factor of two as a result of the columnar microstructure in the thermal barrier coating (TBC). Laser glazing has been used to produce metastable phases, amorphous material, and a fine-grained microstructure, resulting in improved surface properties such as fatigue, wear, and corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures without changing the composition of the surface material. Laser surface alloying and laser surface cladding have shown promising results in improving the chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of the substrate's surface. Metal-matrix composite coatings have also been produced by a laser technique which resulted in increased wear and oxidation-resistant properties. The advantages and disadvantages of thermal spray processes, EB-PVD, laser glazing, laser surface alloying, and laser surface cladding will be discussed. Microstructural evolution of thermal barrier coatings, recent advancements in functionally gradient coatings, laser grooving, and multilayered textured coatings will also be discussed.     

高速轮轨钢超声振动辅助激光熔覆涂层的滚动摩擦磨损性能

目前有关高速轮轨钢超声振动辅助下的激光熔覆研究鲜有报道。在高速轮轨钢表面施加超声振动辅助激光熔覆制备了铁钴基复合涂层来改善其耐磨性能,借助扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、能量色散谱仪(EDS)等手段分析熔覆层的微观结构、物相成分和元素分布,采用GPM-30轮轨滚动接触疲劳试验机对比研究轮轨钢超声振动辅助作用下激光熔覆前后涂层的滚动摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:熔覆层主要由Fe-Cr的马氏体组织、Co-Cr的γ相固溶体、Fe-Ni固溶体以及弥散析出的含MxCy(M=Cr、W)的碳化物、硼化物、硅化物等硬质相组成;超声激光熔覆强化处理后,轮轨表面的平均显微硬度分别为539 HV3 N和582 HV3 N,磨损速率分别降低59.1%,37.3%,轮轨试环熔覆层的抗磨损性能大幅提高,磨损机制由剥落磨损和严重的疲劳磨损转变为轻微的磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损。     

Improvement of anti-oxidation properties of carbon fibers by SiC/SiO2 ceramic coating

To improve the anti-oxidation properties of carbon fibers (CFs), the sol-gel method followed by pyrolysis was used to coat CFs with SiC/SiO2 ceramic coatings. The SiO2 sol-gel coating was performed by dip coating a PAN(polyacrylonitrile)-based stabilized fiber (PSF) in a silica sol prepared by the polycondensation of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) in the presence of an acidic catalyst. The PSF coated with SiO2 sol then underwent heat treatments at high temperatures in an inert atmosphere to deposit the SiC/SiO2 and carbonize the deposited fibers. The surface morphology of the CFs deposited with SiC/SiO2 was characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The relative oxidation resistance of the SiC/SiO2 layer deposited on the CFs was determined by the weight loss due to the use of a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) under flowing air, and the data were used to calculate the activation energies through an Arrhenius plot.     

超声作用下激光熔覆SiC/316L复合涂层残余应力数值模拟

通过施加动态边界条件和超声振动热效应转化相结合的方法近似处理超声振动边界条件,研究了超声作用下激光熔覆SiC/316L复合涂层的残余应力,并探讨了超声振幅和扫描速度对复合涂层残余应力的影响。根据优化结果采用超声辅助激光熔覆制备SiC/316L复合涂层。结果表明:超声振幅和扫描速度对涂层表面x方向应力、y方向应力、界面处剪切应力和von Mises应力均有明显影响。当超声振幅为10 μm,扫描速度为10 mm/s时,SiC/316L复合涂层有较好的残余应力缓和效果。超声空化或机械效应及声流作用促使SiC/316L复合涂层组织得到明显细化,且SiC颗粒均匀分布。      

纳米SiCp增强NiCoCrAlY涂层的组织和抗氧化性能

为了研究纳米SiCp对NiCoCrAlY涂层的组织和抗氧化性能的影响,采用激光熔覆技术在镍基高温合金表面制备了4种不同含量纳米SiCp增强的NiCoCrAlY熔覆涂层,考察了它们的组织及其在1050℃下的等温氧化行为,并初步分析了纳米SiCp的影响机制.结果表明,加入纳米SiCp涂层的组织和抗氧化性能较未加纳米颗粒的涂层均得到了不同程度的改善.其中,添加质量分数1%的纳米SiCp对涂层组织和抗氧化性能的改善作用最为显著.纳米SiCp的加入,不仅改变了界面处的结晶形态,而且细化了熔覆层的组织.熔覆层组织的细化对提高涂层的抗氧化性能有着积极的作用.     

BAS系微晶玻璃抗氧化涂层的制备与性能

利用2层不同软化温度和不同热膨胀系数的BaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂(BAS)系微晶玻璃, 采用浆料涂覆—浸渍—多层共烧的方法制备了2种双层同组分和1种双层不同组分的C_f/SiC复合材料抗氧化涂层。3种结构的BAS系微晶玻璃涂层完整、 无明显缺陷, 涂层与C_f/SiC复合材料的结合状态良好, 有助于提高C_f/SiC复合材料的抗氧化性能。双层不同组分的BAS系微晶玻璃涂层在1200~1350 ℃范围内对提高C_f/SiC复合材料抗氧化性能的作用显著, 失重速率和失重量均明显减小。与未包覆涂层的复合材料相比, 包覆双层不同组分涂层的复合材料经历600次(每次保温10 min)热冲击后的失重降低了1/2~2/3, 保留的强度提高了7~15倍。      

SiC纳米复合涂层的制备及特性

SiC纳米复合涂层是一种新型的陶瓷材料.介绍了湿胶化学法和激光熔覆法两种最容易的制备方法,同时还讨论了SiC纳米复合涂层不同于其它常规涂层的特性,如涂层与基体之间的强粘结性、涂层致密性和高热辐射性等,最后分析了SiC纳米涂层的应用前景和未来的发展空间.     

SiCP/AZ31镁基复合材料微弧氧化膜结构与性能分析

采用微弧氧化表面处理技术在SiC颗粒增强AZ31镁基复合材料表面制备保护性陶瓷膜.分析了陶瓷膜的表面形貌、截面组织和相组成,并测量了膜层的硬度、热震和电化学腐蚀特性.结果表明,陶瓷膜由MgO、Mg₂SiO₄和少量同电解液组成元素相关的相所组成,膜内还残留少量SiC_P增强体.膜层的最高硬度可达到HV800,比复合材料基体提高五倍以上.经过100次热循环(500℃→水淬)后膜层与复合材料结合良好,显示该膜层有较好的抗热震性能.微弧氧化处理后,SiC_P/AZ31镁基复合材料的抗腐蚀能力得到较大提高.     

氩弧熔覆Fe-Al金属间化合物复合涂层的组织与性能

为改善Fe-Al金属间化合物的力学性能及抗高温氧化性能,利用氩弧熔覆方法在Q235钢上制备了Fe-Al熔覆层和Fe-Al/Al_2O_3熔覆层。采用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、硬度计、磨粒磨损试验机对氩弧熔覆涂层进行显微组织结构观察和磨损性能测试。采用高温氧化试验对涂层的耐高温氧化性进行了研究。结果表明:Fe-Al熔覆层形成FeAl和Fe_3Al相,而Fe-Al/Al_2O_3熔覆涂层含有FeAl、Fe_3Al和Al_2O_3相;熔覆层的耐磨粒磨损性能优于基体且Fe-Al/Al_2O_3熔覆层优于Fe-Al熔覆层;熔覆层的耐高温氧化性能明显提高,在700℃下,Fe-Al熔覆层和Fe-Al/Al_2O_3熔覆层相比于基体分别提高了4.46和5.68倍。     

Formation of high heat resistant coatings by using gas tunnel type plasma spraying

Zirconia sprayed coatings are widely used as thermal barrier coatings (TBC) for high temperature protection of metallic structures. However, their use in diesel engine combustion chamber components has the long run durability problems, such as the spallation at the interface between the coating and substrate due to the interface oxidation. Although zirconia coatings have been used in many applications, the interface spallation problem is still waiting to be solved under the critical conditions such as high temperature and high corrosion environment. The gas tunnel type plasma spraying developed by the author can make high quality ceramic coatings such as Al2O3 and ZrO2 coating compared to other plasma spraying method. A high hardness ceramic coating such as Al2O3 coating by the gas tunnel type plasma spraying, were investigated in the previous study. The Vickers hardness of the zirconia (ZrO2) coating increased with decreasing spraying distance, and a higher Vickers hardness of about Hv = 1200 could be obtained at a shorter spraying distance of L = 30 mm. ZrO2 coating formed has a high hardness layer at the surface side, which shows the graded functionality of hardness. In this study, ZrO2 composite coatings (TBCs) with Al2O3 were deposited on SS304 substrates by gas tunnel type plasma spraying. The performance such as the mechanical properties, thermal behavior and high temperature oxidation resistance of the functionally graded TBCs was investigated and discussed. The resultant coating samples with different spraying powders and thickness are compared in their corrosion resistance with coating thickness as variables. Corrosion potential was measured and analyzed corresponding to the microstructure of the coatings. Keywords: High Heat Resistant Coatings, Gas Tunnel Type Plasma Spraying, Hardness,     

Mo2Ni3Si/NiSi复合材料涂层的滑动磨损行为

以Mo-Ni-Si合金粉末为原料，使用激光熔敷技术在1Crl8Ni9Ti不锈钢基材表面制备出Mo2Ni3Si／NiSi金属硅化物复合材料涂层．应用OM，SEM，EDS和XRD方法分析了涂层的显微组织．Mo2Ni3Si／NiSi复合材料涂层由初生的Mo2Ni3Si三元金属硅化物树枝晶和枝晶间的Mo2Ni3Si／NiSi共晶组织组成．在常温和高温滑动磨损条件下测试了涂层的耐磨性能．在常温滑动磨损条件下，Mo2Ni3Si／NiSi金属硅化物复合材料涂层的质量损失随着载荷的增加缓慢增加；在高温滑动磨损条件下，Mo2Ni3Si／NiSi金属硅化物复合材料涂层的质量损失随着温度的升高缓慢下降．     

BN/SiC复合涂层改性炭纤维的吸波性能研究

以尿素、硼酸为原料, 采用浸涂工艺先在炭纤维表面制备BN涂层, 再以三氯甲基硅烷为前驱体, 采用化学气相沉积工艺在纤维表面沉积SiC涂层, 制得了BN/SiC复合涂层改性炭纤维。对BN/SiC复合涂层改性炭纤维的微观结构、抗氧化性能、介电性能及吸波性能进行了研究。结果表明: 炭纤维表面BN涂层的厚度约为0.1 μm, SiC涂层的厚度约为0.7 μm。炭纤维经表面BN/SiC复合涂层改性后, 抗氧化性能明显提高, 开始明显氧化失重温度从560℃提高到790℃, 最终氧化温度从780℃提高到1200℃以上; 且介电性能得到有效改善, 吸波性能显著提高。相比于未改性炭纤维, 厚度为2 mm的BN/SiC复合涂层改性炭纤维的最小反射率减小到-13.3 dB, 小于-10 dB的带宽增加至2.5 GHz。     

等离子沉积氧化锆涂层显微组织及性能研究

目的以氧化锆粉末作为喷涂材料,使用等离子喷涂的方式制备出性能优异的氧化锆涂层。方法通过不同的工艺参数来对涂层的显微组织及性能进行优化,分别利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射分析仪(XRD)等方法,研究了工艺参数对涂层显微组织影响,并通过高温氧化测试来研究涂层的抗高温性能。结果在其他喷涂条件固定的情况下,涂层的厚度与喷涂时送粉量有关,送粉量越高则涂层厚度越大;当改变喷涂距离时,涂层的致密度则随着喷涂距离的增加而降低;在高温氧化40h后,涂层表面没有发生明显变化。结论通过等离子喷涂制备的氧化锆涂层具有较好的致密度,孔隙率最低仅为3.24%;涂层具有良好的热稳定性,能够长时间在高温下稳定使用。     

Al2O3对氩弧熔覆Fe-Si金属间化合物涂层组织及性能的影响

目前Fe-Si涂层的相关研究较少。为制备Fe-Si金属间化合物复合涂层并改善其力学性能,采用氮弧.熔覆原位合成的方法在Q235钢表面制备Fe-Si涂层和Fe-Si/Al2O3金属间化合物复合涂层,利用金相电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、冲蚀磨损试验机、高温氧化炉等设备对涂层的显微组织、耐冲蚀磨损性能和抗高温氧化性能进行测试与分析。结果表明:Fe-Si熔覆层由Fe3Si和FeSi相构成,添加A12O3后熔覆层除存在Fe3Si,FeSi外还有AI2O3相产生;Fe-Si/Al2O3熔覆层耐冲蚀磨损性优于Fe-Si熔覆层,最高为基体的4.65倍;熔覆层的耐高温氧化性能相对基体明显提高,在800℃下Fe-Si熔覆层和Fe-Si/Al2O3熔覆层相比于基体分别提高了5.50和5.83倍。     

Al/SiC composite coatings of steels by thermal spraying

Thermal spraying has been used to coat carbon steels (F112) and austenitic stainless steels (AISI 304) with aluminium matrix composites. Mixtures of aluminium powder and SiC particles were used as spraying material. A sol-gel silica coating was laid on SiC particles to reduce the porosity of the composite coatings and to inhibit the formation of aluminium carbide. The sol-gel silica coating acts as an active barrier enhancing the wettability of the reinforcement by molten aluminium. Coatings with a reinforcement volume fraction up to 30 vol.% were obtained with porosities of about 1.0 vol.%. The incorporation of sol-gel silica coated SiC particles reduces the coefficient of thermal expansion of the composite coating and enhances its adhesion to the substrates more than when uncoated SiC particles were used.     

Electrodeposition and mechanical and corrosion resistance properties of Ni-W/SiC nanocomposite coatings

Ni-W/SiC nanocomposite coatings with various contents of SiC nano-particulates were prepared by electrodeposition in Ni-W plating bath containing SiC particulates. The influences of the SiC nano-particulates concentration, current density and stirring rate of the plating bath on the composition of the nanocomposite coatings were investigated. The surface morphologies of the Ni-W alloy and Ni-W/SiC nanocomposite coating were observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The morphology of Ni-W/SiC nanocomposite coating is smoother than that of Ni-W alloy coating. The microhardness of composite coatings increases with the increasing content of the SiC nano-particulates in the coatings. The corrosion behavior of Ni-W alloy and Ni-W/SiC nanocomposite coatings was evaluated by the anodic polarization curves in 0.5 mol/L NaCl solution at room temperature. It shows that Ni-W/SiC nanocomposite coating has better corrosion resistance than the Ni-W alloy coating.     

Homogenization of Carbides in Ni60/WC Composite Coatings Made by Fiber Laser Remelting

In the current study, the effect of laser remelting on homogenization of carbides in WC-reinforced Ni60 composite coatings was investigated. Ni60 + 50 wt% WC composite coatings were fabricated on the surface of Q550 steel by LDF4000-100 fiber laser device. First cladding layer was made by rectangle laser spot and then circular laser spot was utilized to remelt the coatings. Microstructure characteristics were investigated by optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy. Elemental distribution and phase constitution were analyzed by energy disperse spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that accumulation of residual WC particles was sufficiently eliminated under the effect of laser remelting. The irregularly shaped carbides in first cladding layer were transformed into well-distributed polygonal carbides by laser remelting. Statistical analysis indicated median size of reinforcement particles decreased from 35.40 to 5.62 µm. Microhardness of remelted region had a smooth profile and decreased by ?50 HV_0.1 than that of first cladding region. Homogenization of carbides in nickel composite coating was well realized by laser remelting.     

SiC-Si-ZrSiO_4 Multiphase Oxidation Protective Coating for Carbon/Carbon Composites

In order to improve the anti-oxidation property of carbon/carbon （C/C） composites, a novel SiC-Si-ZrSiO4 multiphase oxidation protective coating was produced on the surface of C/SiC coated carbon/carbon compo ites by a pack cementation technique. The phase composition and microstructure of the as-prepared coatings were characterized by XRD （X-ray diffraction）, SEM （scanning electron microscopy） and EDS （energy dispersive spectroscopy）. Oxidation behavior of the multiphase coated C/C composites was also investigated. It showed that the as-prepared coating characterized by excellent oxidation resistance and thermal shock re- sistance could effectively protect C/C composites from oxidation at 1773 K for 57 h in air and endure the thermal cycle between 1773 K and room temperature for 12 times, whereas the corresponding weight loss is only 1.47%. The excellent oxidation protective ability of the SiC-Si-ZrSiO4 coating could be attributed to the C/SiC gradient inner layer and the multiphase microstructure of the coating.