基于粗糙集理论的图像平滑算法研究

基于粗糙集理论,针对高斯噪声和脉冲噪声,分别采用高斯模板和中值滤波技术,提出了图像平滑算法.这两种算法在去噪的同时,都能够很好地保持图像细节,并且简单易行、处理速度快、使用范围广.通过实验,该算法对灰度图像和彩色图像的处理效果较之传统的处理方法,质量上有较大的提高.     

保护边缘及细节的彩色图像滤波算法

为克服常用空间域彩色图像滤波算法不能兼顾去噪和保持图像细节的不足,提出了一种保护边缘及细节的彩色图像滤波算法.将待处理RGB彩色图像分解成R,G、B这3幅分量图像,对于每一幅分量图像分别利用能兼顾去噪和保持图像细节的滤波算法进行滤波去噪,将滤波处理后的3幅分量图像合成为一幅RGB彩色图像.因算法根据待处理像素的不同隶属情况选用了不同的滤波模板进行滤波处理,故在有效地滤除彩色图像中的噪声的同时较好的保护了彩色图像的边缘及细节,弥补了常用空域彩色图像滤波算法不能兼顾去噪和保持图像细节的不足.     

彩色图像矢量滤波技术综述

彩色图像滤波是彩色图像处理的最基本的研究领域之一。彩色图像滤波技术可以分成标量滤波法和矢量滤波法两大类。其中,标量滤波法只是早期的滤波方法。大量的研究表明,矢量滤波法比标量滤波法更加有效,因为它更能保护彩色图像的光谱特性。为使人们对彩色图像矢量滤波技术及其应用有个系统的了解,该文首先全面地总结了彩色图像矢量滤波的基本理论和方法,并跟踪该领域的最新进展,同时分析介绍了彩色图像矢量滤波技术的一些典型应用;然后对彩色图像矢量滤波技术进行了分类,并对每种类型的滤波算法中经典和目前最常用的算法做了详细的介绍和阐述;接着结合笔者对该领域的研究,提出了一些新的研究方法;最后,对于一些有代表性、经常使用的矢量滤波算法,以冲击噪声为例,给出了其视觉上的滤波效果和客观的评估数据。     

一种基于粗糙集的模糊数学形态学方法

粗糙集理论是一种新的处理含糊和不确定性问题的教学工具。本文基于粗糙集和数学形态学算子之间的联系和粗糙集中模糊度的概念，将结构元素作为不可分辨关系，提出了一种新的基于粗糙集的模糊数学形态学方法。该方法无需任何经验知识，直接从图像数据中获得所需隶属函数。最后，将其用于图象的滤波，获得了很好的实验结果。     

基于改进PCNN的彩色图像混合噪声滤除

基于L&A-PCNN模型的彩色图像混合噪声滤除算法存在算法调试须人工干预、对彩色图像滤波易出现污迹斑等问题。针对上述不足,提出一种彩色图像混合噪声自适应滤除算法。通过理论和实验分析获得L&A-PCNN模型关键参数的自适应定义和滤波算法中图像噪点的判别方法。实验结果表明,相比L&A-PCNN算法,该算法的PSNR有9%~18%的提高,处理后图像的视觉效果更好,并具有较好的自适应性和健壮性。     

基于图像增强的灰度插值算法

针对传统彩色滤波阵列（Color Filter Array，CFA）插值算法在图像识别前一般需要对彩色图像预处理，其中包括把插值后的彩色图像转化为灰度图像、平滑内部和锐化边缘，过程较为繁琐的问题，提出一种新的基于图像增强的灰度插值算法，即在插值过程中锐化图像的边缘并平滑内部，插值结果直接是一幅灰度图像并且保证图像的几何特性不变．实验结果表明此算法的有效性．     

一种新的模糊决策表属性约简方法

粗糙集理论研究的核心内容之一是属性重要性的度量和属性约简。经典的粗糙集模型基于等价关系,适合于处理离散属性值。模糊粗糙集理论将模糊集和粗糙集理论结合起来,将等价关系扩展为模糊关系,可处理模糊属性值。分析了已有广泛运用的模糊决策表的属性约简算法FRAR存在的三个问题,提出了一种新的约简算法,较好地克服了原算法的问题,能处理规模较大的模糊决策表。     

一种彩色图像滤波的改进矢量中值滤波算法

通过分析彩色图像滤波的一般方法，提出了一种基于矢量中值滤波的改进算法。该算法融合了线性均值滤波和非线性矢量中值滤波两种方法，大大降低了运算复杂度，同时对脉冲噪声和高斯噪声有好的抑制作用，能有效地保护图像的边缘信息，滤波后不会出现新的颜色。另外本算法的运算复杂度随着滑动窗的增大而缓慢增加，使其能够达到滤波效果和运算复杂度的有效平衡。     

强椒盐噪声彩色图像的改进矢量中值滤波算法

去除彩色图像噪声一直是图像预处理研究的重要内容。传统的矢量中值滤波是一种有效去除彩色图像椒盐噪声的方法,但传统的矢量中值滤波方法只适用于弱噪声的情况,对于强椒盐噪声并不适用。许多改进的矢量中值滤波被提出,但对强椒盐噪声图像效果并不好。文章在传统的矢量中值滤波的基础上,提出了改进的矢量中值滤波算法,该算法可以有效去除高强度椒盐噪声,不会产生新的颜色,很好地保持了图像边缘和细节,而且具有算法简单,自适应性强的特点。经过实验表明:该方法对于强度在10%～80%的椒盐噪声彩色图像具有良好的处理效果。     

彩色图像分割中基于粗糙集直方图的改进

把粗糙集应用于图像分割研究一直是一个热门话题,Milind M Mushrif、Ajoy K Ray等[1]结合Histon直方图,基于粗糙集理论,阐明了一种新的彩色图像分割算法。但是,其中R、G、B粗糙集直方图的相关性并没有得到克服,直接影响到了最终的分割效果。针对该弱点进行改进,经过大量的实验证明本文所进行的改进有以下优点:R、G、B粗糙集直方图的相关性明显降低;计算时间显著减少。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。