Ti-6Al-4V钛合金等通道转角挤压的有限元模拟

运用有限元方法对Ti-6Al-4V钛合金等温等通道转角挤压过程进行了模拟,获得了摩擦因子、挤压角、过渡角等挤压参数对材料变形区的应变分布和挤压载荷的影响规律.结果表明:摩擦因子的增大引起局部应变集中,摩擦因子为0.5时,最大挤压载荷比零摩擦条件时提高了2.37倍;增大挤压角有利于获得均匀等效应变,减小挤压载荷,但同时减小了单次变形的应变量;减小过渡角可以扩大均匀应变区域,但过渡角过小会引起通道转角处的严重应变集中.     

工艺参数对AZ31镁合金往复挤压过程的影响

运用刚黏塑性有限元法对不同工艺参数下的AZ31镁合金往复挤压过程进行了热力耦合数值模拟,研究了不同初始坯料温度、挤压速率和摩擦因数对往复挤压过程中等效应变、等效应力及温度场的影响。结果表明:在往复挤压过程中,挤压速率对等效应变峰值影响不大,随着挤压速率的增大,工件内温度峰值直线上升,温度分布不均匀程度增大,应力峰值先增加后减小;随着初始坯料温度升高,等效应力峰值呈直线趋势减小;摩擦因数对温度峰值的影响很小,随着摩擦因数的增大,等效应变峰值先增大然后趋于平稳,等效应力峰值增大,其增大幅度减小。     

细晶GCr15合金材料ECAE过程的数值模拟

等径角挤压(ECAE)可以在不改变材料横截面的条件下使其反复产生大的塑性变形,从而使材料的晶粒得到细化,是制备块状超细晶粒材料的有效方法.通过对GCr15钢ECAE变形过程进行数值模拟,获得了挤压过程中不同的外接圆弧角Ψ和不同摩擦系数μ对挤压载荷和等效应变的影响规律.结果表明,挤压载荷随着外接圆弧角Ψ的增加而减小,随着摩擦系数μ的增加而增大;而变形均匀性则随着Ψ和μ的增加而减小.     

模具外角对高纯铝60°内角等通道转角挤压变形影响的有限元模拟

用有限元模拟方法研究无摩擦条件下不同外角Ψ(0,30,60,120°)对高纯铝60°内角等通道转角挤压变形的影响.结果表明:随着Ψ角增加,拐角缝隙减小而出口通道上部缝隙增大,与此同时.更大的Ψ角增加了试样前端向上弯曲的程度,导致出口通道底部缝隙增大;Ψ角变化对挤压稳态区上部的等效塑性应变影响较小,但对下部应变影响很大.挤压载荷随Ψ角增大而显著降低.     

模具外角对高纯铝60°内角等通道转角挤压变形影响的有限元模拟

用有限元模拟方法研究无摩擦条件下不同外角ψ（0,30,60,120°）对高纯铝60°内角等通道转角挤压变形的影响。结果表明：随着ψ角增加,拐角缝隙减小而出口通道上部缝隙增大,与此同时,更大的ψ角增加了试样前端向上弯曲的程度,导致出口通道底部缝隙增大;ψ角变化对挤压稳态区上部的等效塑性应变影响较小,但对下部应变影响很大。挤压载荷随ψ角增大而显著降低。     

复杂截面型材力控制拉弯成形数值模拟分析

复杂截面挤压型材的高精度拉弯成形是制造框架式车身的关键技术.本文基于动态显式有限元软件PAM-STAMP,针对一种典型的框架武车身用复杂截面挤压型材,对其力控制方式的直进台面式拉弯成形进行了数值模拟研究,对比分析了两种截面形状的型材截面畸变和回弹随补拉力增大的变形规律,并得到了摩擦系数对成形精度的影响.数值模拟结果表明,增加型材截面的变形刚度,可以显著地减小截面畸变和回弹;增加补拉力,增大了截面畸变但减小了回弹;增大摩擦系数,截面畸变量减小而回弹增加.     

7050铝合金等通道转角挤压的有限元模拟及力学性能

采用有限元技术模拟7050Al合金等温等通道转角挤压过程,得到摩擦系数、挤压速度和挤压转角等挤压参数对7050Al合金变形区的应变分布和挤压载荷的影响规律.结果表明:挤压转角和摩擦系数对材料变形区的应变和挤压载荷的影响较大,挤压转角越小、摩擦系数越大时材料变形区的应变值越大,挤压载荷也越大;挤压速度对材料的应变和挤压载荷的影响很小.对经过挤压的材料进行拉伸实验,结果表明:在挤压初期,材料的抗拉强度随挤压次数的增加而很快增加,此后随挤压次数增加基本达到一恒定值,挤压转角越小材料的强度值增加越大.在单次挤压后,材料的延伸率很快下降,此后随挤压次数增加延伸率有回升的趋势.     

曲轴轮毂中间齿精压成形工艺研究

目的为了解决某型号曲轴轮毂中间齿形充填困难的问题。方法对齿形精压过程进行了数值模拟,分析了不同摩擦因数、减压孔尺寸对金属流动分布、等效应变及成形载荷的影响,并进行了试验验证。结果摩擦因数影响变形金属轴向和径向的流动分布,减压孔尺寸影响分流面位置及金属的流动速度;根据模拟结果,生产出了合格的产品。结论摩擦因数过小,径向流动阻力减小,不利于金属轴向流动充填齿形,较大的摩擦因数有利于齿形充填,但是摩擦因数过大会导致成形载荷过大;随着减压孔直径增大,金属的分流面外移,对大直径处齿形充填不利。模拟结果对实际生产具有重要的指导意义。     

新型大塑性变形复合挤扭过程数值模拟分析

针对挤扭(Twist Extrusion,TE)过程试样变形不均匀,结合挤扭和挤压工艺提出了复合挤扭(Composite Twist Extrusion,CTE)新型大塑性变形工艺。运用有限元分析法对纯铝在室温下进行数值模拟,获得了应力应变分布,载荷行程曲线,并对工艺进行改进消除了头部难变形区域。结果表明复合挤扭工艺可以有效地降低均匀系数,改进后的工艺可以获得变形均匀的试样。     

等径角挤扭工艺的研究

针对等径角挤压(ECAP)工艺和挤扭(TE)工艺中,材料变形不均匀,1道次变形获得的应变量不够大的缺点,将2种工艺有机结合,提出了等径角挤扭(ECAPT)工艺。利用UG和DEFORM-3D软件进行几何造型和有限元模拟,研究变形过程、应力应变分布和载荷变化,并用纯铝进行2道次ECAPT实验,测量试样显微组织和力学性能的变化。结果表明,ECAPT使组织产生更大的应变量,随着行程的增加,载荷增大,在TE通道平稳阶段达最大值,试样头部挤出TE通道后载荷降低;材料的宏观形貌同模拟结果一致,显微组织发生了明显细化,其中第1道次z面和第2道次y面细化效果明显;力学性能得以较大提高,屈服强度由43.31MPa提升至52.19MPa,抗拉强度由71.30MPa提升至130.38MPa。     

Finite element analysis of the effect of back pressure during equal channel angular pressing

There is an increasing interest in applying back pressure during equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) to improve the process for better control of microstructure and property. The effect of increasing back pressure on deformation characteristics during ECAP such as the plastic deformation zone (PDZ) size and strain rate distribution in the PDZ, size of the corner gap and strain distribution on the longitudinal section were analysed by finite element analysis for both the quasi-perfect plastic and strain hardening materials. This investigation revealed that the back pressure influence very differently the PDZ of the quasi-perfect plastic and strain hardening materials. Many beneficial effects of back pressure were observed in the strain hardening material, with reduced PDZ size, dramatically reduced corner gap, and more uniform strain distribution. For the quasi-perfect plastic material, however, the application of increasing back pressure leads to broadening of PDZ and a decrease in strain rate homogeneity.     

纯铜粉末包套挤扭成形致密的灰色预测与优化

以横截面扭转角α、螺旋角β、摩擦因子、挤压速度、初始相对密度为因子,建立正交试验设计方案,对纯铜粉末材料进行一道次包套扭挤数值模拟,以获得的平均等效塑性应变εm、平均最大损伤值δmax、平均相对密度ρm作为优化设计目标,运用追踪点法和灰色系统理论的灰色关联度优化工艺参数,使设计目标值达到等效应变最大、最大损伤值最小、相对密度最大。模拟验证结果表明,运用多目标优化参数进行挤扭成形能使纯铜粉末体变形材料迅速地形变累积,最大损伤值显著地减小,致密效率高,提高了材料综合质量。     

双金属复合材料固相结合数值仿真研究

基于大变形弹塑性有限元理论,采用ANSYS有限元程序,通过建立合理的有限元分析模型,对Cu/Al双金属复合材料静液挤压固相结合的非稳态过程进行了数值模拟研究,得到了变形体在挤压过程中的等效应力、应变分布及相对滑动量随摩擦系数的变化情况,揭示了组元金属在静液挤压成形过程中的流动规律,指出在一定的变形量条件下,增大内外层金属之间的摩擦系数是较好实现内外层金属固相结合的主要方法.     

圆钢管玄武岩纤维再生混凝土短柱轴压力学性能

为研究圆钢管玄武岩纤维再生混凝土(BFRRC)短柱的轴压力学性能,以再生粗骨料取代率和玄武岩纤维掺量为变化参数,设计并完成了15根圆钢管BFRRC短柱试件的轴压试验。观察了试件的受力全过程及破坏形态,获取了试件的荷载-位移曲线及荷载-应变曲线,分析了变化参数对圆钢管BFRRC短柱轴压性能的影响,建立了可行的组合截面应力-应变全过程曲线方程。研究表明:试件均发生鼓曲破坏,但核心混凝土在钢管约束下处于碎而不散状态;随着再生粗骨料取代率的增大,试件的耗能性能、延性系数逐渐增大,耗能因子、延性系数提升幅度最高可达1.84%和10.36%,承载力逐渐降低,降低幅度最大达5.03%;随着玄武岩纤维掺量的增大,试件的耗能性能、延性系数逐渐增大,增加幅度最高可达2.97%和4.93%,承载力提高幅度不大;不同的玄武岩纤维掺量下,试件实测的荷载-位移曲线饱满,且具有较长的变形流幅,延性较好。      

Effect of grain size on cyclic microplasticity of ECAP processed commercial pure magnesium

Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) was performed on the extruded commercial pure magnesium at 250 °C for 4 passes. Heat treatments were carried out to modify the microstructures. The cyclic plastic deformation behavior of pure Mg with different grain sizes in microstrain region was studied by tensile loading and unloading experiments. The microplastic deformation process of pure Mg can be divided into two stages. In the first stage, pronounced plastic deformation associated with dislocation motion on basal plane is initiated at several MPa. The materials are softened and characterized by low friction stresses and hardening exponents. The microplastic deformation enters into region II above the strain of about 8 × 10^?4. Annihilation and tangle of dislocations lead to the increase of hardening exponents and friction stresses. Pure Mg shows a very pronounced anelastic behavior during cyclic microplastic deformation, which results in a rapid increase of modulus defect, effectively decreasing the elastic modulus by up to 60 %. Grain size has a marked effect on microplastic deformation behavior of pure Mg. With increasing the grain size, the specimen shows a more pronounced microstrain and anelastic behavior.     

Evolution of ultrafine microstructures in commercial purity aluminum heavily deformed by torsion

Commercial purity aluminum (1100Al) bars were severely plastic deformed by torsion deformation at room temperature. The specimens were deformed to ultrahigh equivalent strain of 5.85 in maximum. Microstructure evolution during the torsion deformation was characterized using electron back scatter diffraction analysis on two different sections: the longitudinal section parallel to the torsion axis and transverse section perpendicular to the torsion axis. The grain size decreased and the fraction of high angle grain boundary increased with increasing equivalent strain. Elongated ultrafine grained structure was obtained after an equivalent strain of 3.27. We have found that the microstructure evolution in the specimen deformed by torsion exhibited similar behavior to those in the same material heavily deformed by accumulative roll bonding. The average grain size of 0.32 μm with the high angle boundary fraction of 0.76 was achieved in the specimen deformed to an equivalent strain of 5.27. Though the microstructure and hardness on the transverse section varied depending on the radial positions, they could be arranged as a simple function of equivalent strain. The present work confirmed that the torsion deformation worked as a kind of severe plastic deformation.     

裂纹面动摩擦作用对脆性材料动力破坏的影响EI北大核心CSCD

基于岩石类材料的I型裂纹模型,提出了一种考虑裂纹密度、裂纹相互作用以及裂纹面动摩擦作用的脆性材料动力模型。以正方形阵列分布的裂纹为例,定量分析了不同裂纹密度及不同摩擦行为对试件的裂纹扩展过程、试件受力和破坏的影响。数值计算结果表明:随着裂纹密度增大,裂纹间的相互作用增强,试件破坏时的加载应力降低,惯性效应引起试件轴向附加应力增大。裂纹面的滑动会降低裂纹面的动摩擦系数,促进裂纹发展,并降低试件的强度。相对于常数摩擦系数,考虑速度及状态依赖型摩擦模型对裂纹面的滑动过程更为合理。动强度因子对比结果显示出试件明显的应变率效应和尺寸效应。