天线平面近场测量中一种近远场变换方法研究

本文研究了一种应用于天线平面近场测量中完成近远场变换的数值算法。利用此方法可以依据天线平面近场测试数据快速简便地求得天线远场方向图及其它特性,其精度较高;同时可以很方便地进行探头修正,并讨论天线平面近场测试中各关键参数对测试结果的影响。本文给出了理论依据和具体计算实例,与传统方法进行了比较,并得出了结论。     

平面近场天线多任务测试系统工程设计

提出了一种平面近场天线多任务测试系统的工程设计方法,该方法通过增加多功能天线测试控制器和远控微波开关对传统平面近场测试系统进行升级,使其具备对平面相控阵雷达天线多频点、多波位、多通道一次最多可测试35个天线方向图的测试能力。对新引入的幅相误差及扫描面截断误差进行了计算分析。大型相控阵天线的实测结果表明,在提高测试效率的同时,其测试精度亦能满足测试要求。     

天线时域近场测量技术与实验系统

天线时域近场测试技术是一种新兴、高效的天线测试技术,能够快速精确地测量出天线的时域场和宽带特性。介绍了成功组建的国内第一套天线时域平面近场测试系统简单情况,给出了L、S、C、X四个波段的标准天线方向图验证测试结果,把测试结果跟频域近、远场测试系统上测得的结果进行了比较,证明测试理论的正确性和测试系统的实用性。     

"时间窗"对天线时域平面近场测试结果的影响

天线时域近场测试技术是一种新兴的、测试宽带场和工作在窄脉冲激励下天线辐射场的高效的测试技术.因为它可以利用"时间窗"技术进行信号处理,使其相对频域测试具有独特的优势.本文在已建立的天线时域近场测试系统的基础上,从实验的角度,对"时间窗"参数在天线时域平面近场测试中的影响进行验证分析.举例了三个波段标准天线方向图的测试分析结果,并得出初步结论.     

平面近场反演技术

介绍了一种基于探头补偿的平面近场反演算法,为验证算法的有效性,在暗室对某阵列天线进行了近场反演和远场方向图比对验证。结果表明,该算法反演精度高,可在近场校准完毕后对方向图实现情况进行快速测试验证,提升阵列天线测试效率,有很好的工程实用性。     

平面近场测试系统在天线测试和诊断中的应用

介绍了天线近场测量的基本原理和HD－1型平面近场测试系统，并对近场测量在实际天线测试中的应用情况，发展方向和应用前景等作了简单的描述。     

减小平面近场测量中多次反射误差的新方法

本文给出了用平面近场技术测量超低副瓣天线时,平面近场测量总误差与天线远场方向图副瓣电平的误差方程,并进行了计算机仿真;提出了减小平面近场测量中探头天线与待测天线间多次反射误差和微波暗室电特性误差对超低副瓣天线所引入的测量误差的"自校准法",实验结果说明该方法是解决平面近场测量中多次反射和微波暗室电特性误差较为理想的方法.     

基于天线测试系统的简易扩频设计及应用

基于通用天线近远场测试系统,给出了系统扩频设计和工程应用的思路,并分别对扩频系统的本振相参、上下变频的一致性进行了论述。实现了Ka频段以下的平面近场、远场天线测量系统的扩频与应用,并给出了8单元EHF频段阵列天线在不同测试系统下的天线测试方向图。测试结果表明,经扩频的测试系统方向图测量数据与毫米波天线测试系统直接测量的结果吻合,说明扩频系统能够满足毫米波天线方向图的测试需求,并具有较高的测试精度,且设计成本较低。同时还具有一定的通用型,对天线的毫米波扩展测试具有较好的工程应用价值。     

平面近场测试系统在天线测试和诊断中的应用

介绍了天线近场测量的基本原理和HD-1型平面近场测试系统,并对近场测量在实际天线测试中的应用情况、发展方向和应用前景等作了简单的描述。     

平面近场诊断在相控阵天线通道幅相性能测试中的应用

传统的平面近场诊断在通道测试时由于互耦,得到的检测值为所有通道叠加的结果,不利于单个通道信息的提取。为了去除互耦,提出了矢量旋转和近场口面诊断相结合的方法,理论上能实现对相控天线单个单元的幅度相位的检测。对该方法进行误差分析,得到了各个误差源对该方法的影响大小。通过实验验证,证明了该方法有效地减小了互耦影响,能提取单个通道的近场、远场信息,并能为相控阵天线通道校准和故障检测提供有效的手段。     

平面波谱恢复算法在平面近场测量中的应用

介绍用于天线平面近场测量的一种近远场变换新算法。该法利用被测天线的平面波谱和口径场幅相分布之间的关系,以及天线口面的约束条件,用G-P迭代算法从平面波谱的置信谱域部分恢复出置信谱域外的平面波谱。这种方法减小了较小截断角下有限扫描面对测量精度的影响,并提高了天线近场测量的效率。     

基于Gerchberg-Papoulis算法的平面近场截断误差修正方法研究

在平面近场天线测量中,有限扫描面截断是影响测量精度的主要误差源之一,找到解决截断误差的方法是天线测量的研究重点之一.文中将平面近场天线测量中由有限区域内的场求平面波谱的过程抽象为带限函数外推的数学模型,从实际测量中的近远场变换理论出发,论证了GP（Gerchberg-Papoulis）算法应用在平面近场测量中在理论上是切实可行的.将GP算法应用在平面近场天线测量中,并分析了不同迭代次数算法的修正情况.结果表明,随着算法迭代次数的增多,可信角域外计算方向图与理论方向图差别明显减小.因此,本文的方法能够明显减小平面近场测量中截断误差的影响.除此以外,还分析了误差对算法收敛性的影响,结果表明,误差对算法修正效果影响较大.     

A plane-polar approach for far-field construction from near-field measurements

It is well-known that the far field of an arbitrary antenna may be calculated from near-field measurements. Among various possible nearfield scan geometries, the planar configuration has attracted considerable attention. In the past the planar configuration has been used with a probe scanning a rectangular geometry in the near field, and computation of the far field has been made with a two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (FFT). The applicability of the planar configuration with a probe scanning a polar geometry is investigated. The measurement process is represented as a convolution derivable from the reciprocity theorem. The concept of probe compensation as a deconvolution is then discussed with numerical results presented to verify the accuracy of the method. The far field is constructed using the Jacobi-Bessel series expansion and its utility relative to the FFT in polar geometry is examined. Finally, the far-field pattern of the Viking high gain antenna is constructed from the plane-polar near-field measured data and compared with the previously measured far-field pattern. Some unique mechanical and electrical advantages of the plane-polar configuration for determining the far-field pattern of large and gravitationally sensitive space antennas are discussed. The time convention exp (j omega r) is used but is suppressed in the formulations.     

Planar near-field to far-field transformation using an array ofdipole probes

A method is presented for computing far-field antenna patterns from measured near-field data measured by an array of planar dipole probes. The method utilizes the near-field data to determine some equivalent magnetic current sources over a fictitious planar surface which encompasses the antenna. These currents are then used to find the far fields. The near-field measurement is carried out by terminating each dipole with 50 Ω load impedances and measuring the complex voltages across the loads. An electric field integral equation (EFIE) is developed to relate the measured complex voltages to the equivalent magnetic currents. The mutual coupling between the array of probes and the test antenna modeled by magnetic dipoles is taken into account. The method of moments with Galerkin's type solution procedure is used to transform the integral equation into a matrix one. The matrix equation is solved with the conjugate gradient-fast Fourier transformation (CG-FFT) method exploiting the block Toeplitz structure of the matrix. Numerical results are presented for several antenna configurations to show the validity of the method     

小尺寸多层平面式螺旋天线的仿真设计

本文介绍了一种小尺寸多层平面式螺旋天线,通过近场耦合实现在频率范围10～300MHz之间的短距离数据通信。这种平面式结构采用PCB工艺,通过圆形螺旋绕组,由过孔连通每层线圈,并将不同螺旋圈数、不同层间距、收发天线之间不同距离等对天线特性的影响进行仿真研究。仿真结果表明,随着天线圈数的增加,天线的谐振频率减小,电场减弱,而磁场增强。     

Strategy to avoid truncation error in planar and cylindrical near-field antenna measurement setups

A simple and effective method to avoid the truncation error in antenna near-field measurements is presented. The method can be applied to planar or cylindrical near-field setups, whenever it is possible to vary the distance between the antenna under test and the probe during the scanning procedure.     

车载天线整车测试系统集成与实现

针对自动驾驶、车联网等新技术场景下汽车天线整车性能测试的新需求,借鉴近年来近场测量技术的研究成果,设计采用半球面近场与平面近场相结合的方式,集成了一套汽车天线整车测试系统.系统基于8 m直径的方位转台实现了中小型汽车的车载天线测试定位,基于12 m直径的弧形多探头采样架实现了 400 MHz～6 GHz工作频段内的车载...     

Linear spiral sampling for the bipolar planar near-field antennameasurement technique

This paper investigates linear spiral sampling for bipolar planar near-field antenna measurements. This sampling scheme is, depending on range implementation, the most rapid polar near-filed data acquisition mode. The near-field to far-field transformation is performed using a modified optimal sampling interpolation (OSI)/fast Fourier transform (FFT) approach. Measured far-field pattern results for a waveguide-fed slot array antenna are presented and are shown to have excellent agreement with results obtained from a conventional bipolar measurement     

Phaseless bi-polar planar near-field measurements and diagnosticsof array antennas

Antenna near-field measurements typically require very accurate measurement of the near-field phase. There are applications where an accurate phase measurement may not be practically achievable. Phaseless measurements are beginning to emerge as an alternative microwave antenna measurements technique when phase cannot be directly measured. There are many important aspects for successful implementation of a phaseless measurement algorithm. This paper presents appropriate phaseless measurement requirements and a phase retrieval algorithm tailored for the bi-polar planar near-field antenna measurement technique. Two amplitude measurements and a squared amplitude optimal sampling interpolation method are integrated with an iterative Fourier procedure to first retrieve the phase information and then construct both the far-field pattern and diagnostic characteristics of the antenna under test. In order to critically examine the methodologies developed in this paper, phaseless measurement results for two different array antennas are presented and compared to results obtained when the near-field amplitude and phase are directly measured