铁水能耗分析及节能途径

以国内部分高炉-转炉流程钢铁企业铁水能源消耗现状为基础,讨论了铁水能耗存在的问题,分析了铁水能耗和炼铁系统各工序能耗.结果表明,影响生产铁水能耗的直接因素有三方面:①某工序所消耗各种能源介质(燃料和动力)的实物量的多少;②对应每一种能源介质的标准煤折算系数大小,也就是这种能源在其生产、转换过程所消耗的能源量;③余热余能回收量的高低.最后提出了降低铁水能耗的主要节能途径.     

马钢高炉炼铁工序能耗预测模型

根据马钢高炉炼铁工序的生产数据,分析了影响马钢高炉炼铁工序能耗的相关工艺参数,并找出了影响炼铁工序能耗的关键性因素.通过分析影响炼铁工序能耗的各关键因素的相关关系及对能耗的影响规律,应用SPSS软件建立了炼铁工序能耗预测模型.另外,分析了影响焦比和喷煤比的主要因素并建立了相应的预测模型.炼铁工序能耗预测模型的可靠性高,...     

统计分析在炼铁能源管理中的应用

通过开展能源统计分析工作,在已有能耗统计基础上,联系生产实际,选用适当的统计分析方法对大量统计数字进行深加工,将炼铁工序能耗进行单耗分解统计,按其构成确定统计分析重点为燃料消耗;通过燃料消耗的回归分析,求解出各区域高炉最为合理的燃料消耗区间;用统计分析法结合工艺计算发现现场煤气计量存在的问题并加以改进,从而为制定能源计划、降低工序能耗、增加效益提供科学的决策依据,实现炼铁系统节能,年节约标准煤5 000余t。     

长流程钢铁企业炼铁节能技术探讨

为了实现炼铁能耗的最低化和效益的最大化,通过工序能耗对标,发现炼铁系统各工序都具有节能潜力,围绕重点环节总结了炼铁、焦化、烧结工序节能技术及综合节能节电技术,结合企业节能实践,提出了节能建议,即优化节能管理、对标挖潜,积极引进先进适用技术、强化工序节能,注重钢铁企业节电与发电技术改造。     

铁水能耗分析及其节能方向与途径

以重点钢铁企业的炼铁系统能源消耗现状为基础,讨论了其能源消耗存在的问题,分析了铁水能耗和工序能耗。结果表明,直接影响铁水能耗的因素有：①工序所消耗各种能源介质（燃料和动力）的实物量多少;②对应每一种能源介质的标准煤折算系数大小,也就是这种能源在其生产、转换过程所消耗的能源量;③余热余能回收量的高低。并提出了减少能源介质（燃料和动力）实物量消耗、加强二次能源（包括余热余能）回收和利用、提高能源利用率等降低铁水能耗的主要方向。     

铁水能耗分析及其节能方向与途径

以重点钢铁企业的炼铁系统能源消耗现状为基础,讨论了其能源消耗存在的问题,分析了铁水能耗和工序能耗。结果表明,直接影响铁水能耗的因素有：①工序所消耗各种能源介质（燃料和动力）的实物量多少;②对应每一种能源介质的标准煤折算系数大小,也就是这种能源在其生产、转换过程所消耗的能源量;③余热余能回收量的高低。并提出了减少能源介质（燃料和动力）实物量消耗、加强二次能源（包括余热余能）回收和利用、提高能源利用率等降低铁水能耗的主要方向。     

我国炼铁工业能耗的现状与前景

炼铁工序能耗(包括焦化、烧结、炼铁三个系统)占吨钢能耗50%左右,其中炼铁系统能耗占吨钢能耗38.4%.因此,降低炼铁的能耗对钢铁工业和整个国民经济的节能具有重要意义.现就重点厂高炉能耗的现状与节能前景进行分析研究.一、重点厂高炉能耗的现状鞍钢等15个重点厂高炉1980年炼铁平均的能耗情况见表1.它们的生铁产量分别占     

鞍钢炼铁系统用能优化模型的研究及其应用

1.前言 鞍钢炼铁系统包括采矿、选矿、烧结、焦化和炼铁五个生产工序。这个系统每年消耗的能源,约占企业总能耗的三分之二。因此,炼铁系统的节能是鞍钢节能工作的重点。 鞍钢炼铁系统突出的特点是:(1)它在消耗能源和非能源的同时,还辅以产出可供其它生产部门使用的二次能源——高炉煤气、焦炉煤气等。(2)炼铁系统内部各生产工序之间,在能源和非能源物质方面相互联系与制约。因此,研究炼铁系统的节能问题,必须注意研究对象的整体性和各种因素间的相关性。所以,只依赖传统的节能理论和节能技术是不够的,还必须应用系统工程的原理和最优化的方法。     

冶金企业系统节能技术：第二讲 基本概念

一、产品能耗 1、直接能耗 在产品生产的某工序中直接消耗的能源叫做该产品或该工序的直接能耗。例如炼铁工序消耗的能源(焦炭、高炉煤气、焦炉煤气、电力等)为生铁或炼铁工序的直接能耗。 产品生产的某工序中直接所消耗的非能源物资(如炼铁的原料、辅助原材料等)称为该产品(工序)的直接物耗。直接能耗与直接物耗统称直接消耗。     

本钢集团去年降低能源成本10.5亿元

<正>2013年,本钢集团节能降耗成效显著,吨钢综合能耗等能耗指标大幅降低,全年降低能源成本10.5亿元。钢铁工业是消耗资源能源和产生污染排放的重点行业,钢铁工业节能减排意义重大。因此,本钢集团在发展生产的同时,把节能减排作为另一主攻目标,下大力气做好节能减排工作,提升企业竞争力。开展铁、钢工序降能耗攻关。板材炼铁工序,通过外部保证焦炭、球团、烧结等原燃料质量,内部通过优化操作制度、提高煤气利用率、高炉稳定顺行等,降低燃料消耗,板材高     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.