工艺参数及稳定剂抗坏血酸对电沉积NiFeW合金镀层的影响（英文）

为获得性能良好的镍铁钨合金镀层,研究了镀液pH值、温度、电流密度、稳定剂抗坏血酸浓度对镍铁钨合金镀层成分和镀层沉积速率、显微硬度的影响。结果表明:镀液pH值对镀层W含量和镀层沉积速率影响较大;镀液温度对镀层沉积速率、镀层成分和镀层硬度影响均较大;随抗坏血酸浓度增加,镀层沉积速率逐渐降低,镀层表面形貌更加粗糙。在镀液pH=4,温度60℃,电流密度4A/dm~2,抗坏血酸浓度3 g/L时,镀层沉积速率和镀层的显微硬度较高,表面光亮致密,耐蚀性好。     

S135钻杆钢表面Fe-Ni-W合金镀工艺

利用正交试验,选择温度、主盐浓度等4个因素,通过极差分析,确定了S135钻杆钢电沉积Fe-Ni-W合金镀层的最佳制备工艺,研究了镀液pH值、电流密度以及柠檬酸钠对镀层的组分、显微硬度和沉积速率的影响。结果表明：在本试验的制备条件下,获得的合金镀层结构为非晶态;随着镀液PH升高,镀层显微硬度先增大后减小,沉积速率总体呈下降趋势;镀层沉积速率随电流密度增加也逐渐增大,当电流密度从6 A/dm2增大到15 A/dm2时,合金硬度增加趋势较大,从320 HV到540 HV;当增加镀液中的柠檬酸钠含量,铁和钨均呈现增加趋势,而镍含量却出现下降趋势,同时,镀层硬度先增大后减小,沉积速率逐渐减小。     

工艺条件对电沉积Ni-W合金纳米晶的影响

选择对Ni-W合金电沉积影响较大的钨酸钠浓度、电流密度、镀液pH值、温度等4个工艺参数进行对比实验，探索了各因素对沉积速率、显微硬度、镀层外观的影响，为制备Ni-W合金纳米晶提供依据，同时制备出了晶粒尺寸为10．09nm的Ni-W合金纳米晶镀层。     

Ni-W-B-WC复合镀层制备及性能研究

以镀层硬度和镀层外观为指标,研究电流密度、镀液中WC的含量、pH值、沉积温度对考察指标的影响.利用正交试验确定了电沉积最佳工艺条件:在超声振荡下,控制电流密度为7 A/cm2,施镀温度50℃,镀液中WC的含量为20 g/L,镀液pH值为5.0时,镀层硬度和镀层外观最佳,同时对Ni-W-B镀层、Ni-W-B-WC镀层的硬度、抗高温氧化性、耐腐蚀性能、表面形貌、镀层结构与成分等进行了测试.结果表明,Ni-W-B-WC复合镀层的综合性能要高于Ni-W-B合金镀层.     

直流电沉积Ni-W-P镀层研究

采用直流电沉积法,在低碳钢表面成功沉积Ni-W-P镀层。应用X射线荧光(XRF)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、俄歇电子能谱(AES)、X射线衍射(XRD)仪等方法,研究电流密度、镀液pH值和镀液温度对Ni-W-P镀层成分、表面形貌和结构的影响。结果表明,电流密度和镀液pH值的变化对Ni-W-P镀层成分的影响很大,而电流密度、镀液pH值和温度对镀层厚度的影响较小。电流效率随着电流密度和镀液温度的增大分别降低和升高,而随着镀液pH值的变化,在pH=7.0时有极大值。镀液pH值对Ni-W-P镀层结构有较大影响,在pH=8.0时,镀层呈现明显的Ni(111)峰,此时镀层硬度达到极大值7130MPa。在此基础上,对Ni-W-P镀层的电沉积机制做了进一步探讨。     

正交试验优化电沉积 Ni-Cr 泡沫合金工艺

目的获得电沉积Ni-Cr泡沫合金的最佳工艺参数。方法采用正交实验法研究镀液成分等工艺参数对镀层沉积速率、厚度以及合金中Cr含量的影响,并利用扫描电子显微镜等测试手段对镀层横截面厚度等镀层指标进行了考察。结果阴极电流密度为28 A/dm2,镀液pH值为2.0,镀液温度为25℃,CrCl3·6H2O的质量浓度为125 g/L,配位剂与Cr3+摩尔比为1.8时,电沉积60 min能够获得表面光亮平整的Ni-Cr合金镀层,镀层厚度为24.09μm,沉积速率为0.4198 mg/(cm2·min),镀层中Cr的质量分数为14.76%。结论镀液温度在25~40℃范围内,对Ni-Cr合金镀层厚度、沉积速率的影响最大;镀液中CrC13·6H2O浓度、配位剂与Cr3+的摩尔比两个因素,对合金镀层中Cr含量的影响较大。     

电化学沉积Ni-W合金纳米晶镀层的组织与硬度研究

采用电沉积制备Ni-W合金纳米晶镀层，研究了纳米晶的形成与镀层组织结构和硬度。随着镀液组分的变化，镀层的表面形貌发生变化；X射线衍射结果表明，Ni-W合金的晶粒尺寸在17-30m之间；镀液组成、pH值、电流密度、温度等因素对Ni-W合金纳米晶沉积层的硬度都有影响，最主要的影响因素是pH值及电流密度。     

Ni-P-α-Al2O3纳米复合电镀工艺研究

采用复合电镀技术,在黄铜表面制备高硬度的Ni-P-α-Al2O3纳米复合镀层,研究了阴极电流密度、纳米α-Al2O3添加量、镀液pH值、镀液温度和电镀时间对镀层硬度的影响。结果表明:当镀液温度为45℃,阴极电流密度为4A/dm2,镀液pH值为4.0,电镀时间为40min,镀液中纳米α-Al2O3的质量浓度为10g/L时,所得镀层均匀、细致、平滑,经适当热处理后,显微硬度可达到1 332HV。     

Ni-W,Ni-Fe合金纳米晶涂层电沉积与性能研究

采用电沉积技术制备了Ni—W，Ni—Fe合金纳米晶，选择主盐浓度、电流密度、镀液pH值、温度等4个工艺参数进行正交试验，通过极差分析，探索了多因素对沉积速率的影响，并对Ni—W，Ni—Fe合金纳米晶镀层的组织结构和显微硬度进行评价。结果表明：通过控制主盐浓度和操作条件，可以获得不同成分的Ni—W，Ni—Fe合金纳米晶；主盐钨酸纳对于Ni—W合金沉积影响最大，而硫酸铁对Ni—Fe合金沉积影响极小；两种合金纳米晶镀层具有较高的硬度，且表面光亮，与基体结合牢固。     

化学沉积Ni-Cu-P三元合金涂层的制备及其表征

采用化学沉积的方法,在低碳钢表面上制备Ni-Cu-P三元合金镀层,研究了镀液组成和操作条件对镀层沉积速率和显微硬度的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件为:硫酸镍30g/L,次亚磷酸钠15g/L,硫酸铜3.5g/L,pH=9,95℃,负载因子0.48dm2/L,醋酸钠20g/L,柠檬酸三钠60g/L,沉积时间2h,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对镀层进行表征.结果表明:所得的化学镀层为非晶态,经过400℃热处理后镀层晶化.镀层的沉积速率和显微硬度随硫酸铜浓度、次亚磷酸钠浓度及pH值的增加先增后减,随温度的升高而增加.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.