00Cr22Ni5Mo3N钢大口径厚壁无缝管热穿孔工艺的开发

研究了00Cr22Ni5Mo3N钢的热扭转性能,结果表明,通过对化学成分和扭转温度的合理控制,可以使00Cr22Ni5Mo3N钢获得良好的热塑性,并使其变形抗力小于1Cr18Ni9Ti钢.根据试验结果制订了生产工艺,采用热穿孔工艺成功试制出00Cr22Ni5Mo3N钢大口径厚壁无缝管.     

碳含量及热处理工艺对 0Cr18Ni10Ti力学性能和组织的影响

研究了碳含量及热处理工艺对0Cr18Ni10Ti钢组织和力学性能的影响规律。结果表明,合金元素碳可以有效抑制晶粒长大,有利于提高力学性能,同时降低钢中铁素体含量。固溶温度低于1 080℃时,钢的晶粒尺寸较细小,强度较高;固溶温度超过1 080℃,晶粒迅速长大,强度明显降低,塑韧性有所提高。综合考虑后认为,碳含量应控制在0. 05%～0. 07%,固溶温度为1 050～1 080℃。     

α-相对2.625 t1Cr18Ni9Ti 不锈钢锭初轧坯表面质量的影响

生产实践表明,1Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢α-相数量(级别)是影响2．625 t钢锭初轧坯表面质量的主要因素,当钢中α-相超过2．5级[α-相含量(面积)=12％]时,钢坯表面质量急剧下降。当钢中C为0．08％(Cr+ 3．28Ti) ／Ni≤2,钢锭均热温度≤1 270℃时,钢中α-相≤2．5级,可得到良好表面质量的轧坯。为获得较好的轧坯表面质量,应控制钢中Ti≤0．70％、电渣母材的Ti≤0．80％。     

N对奥氏体不锈钢0Crl8Ni9N热塑性的影响

采用Gleeble 1500热模拟试验机研究了0.008 7%～0.1500%N对热轧0Cr18Ni9N钢(%:0.044～0.049C、0.41～0.51 si、1.46～1.52Mn、17.92～18.15Cr、9.09～9.24Ni、0.01～0.03Ti)以应变速率5×10-3s-1和18-1在800～1 300℃的拉伸和压缩性能的影响,并分析了N含量对该钢动态再结晶性能的影响.结果表明,随着N含量的增加,该钢断面收缩率显著下降,同时其最佳热塑性的温度区间提高;当N含量低于0.0500%时,最佳热塑性区间为950～1100℃;而当N含量为0.0800%～0.150 0%时,则为1150～1 250℃.     

N对奥氏体不锈钢OCr18Ni9N热塑性的影响

采用Gleeble 1500热模拟试验机研究了0.008 7%～0.150 0%N对热轧0Cr18Ni9N钢(%:0.044～0.049C、0.41～0.51Si、1.46～1.52Mn、17.92～18.15Cr、9.09～9.24Ni、0.01～0.03Ti)以应变速率5×10~(-3)s~(-1)和1s~(-1)在800～1300℃的拉伸和压缩性能的影响,并分析了N含量对该钢动态再结晶性能的影响。结果表明,随着N含量的增加,该钢断面收缩率显著下降,同时其最佳热塑性的温度区间提高;当N含量低于0.0500%时,最佳热塑性区间为950～1100℃;而当N含量为0.0800%～0.1500%时,则为1150～1250℃。     

奥氏体不锈钢

在常温下具有奥氏体组织的不锈钢。钢中含Cr约18％、Ni8％～10％、C约0．1％时,具有稳定的奥氏体组织。奥氏体铬镍不锈钢包括著名的18Cr-8Ni钢和在此基础上增加Cr、Ni含量并加入Mo、Cu、Si、Nb、Ti等元素发展起来的高Cr—Ni系列钢。奥氏体不锈钢无磁性而且具有高韧性和塑性,但强度较低,不可能通过相变使之强化,仅能通过冷加工进行强化。     

超低碳奥氏体不锈钢00Cr18Ni10还原脱磷研究

在 2 5kg真空感应炉上用镁钙合金对超低碳奥氏体不锈钢 0 0Cr18Ni10进行了还原脱磷试验。通过充入工业纯氩使炉内压力为 6 6 .6 6kPa和精炼时的反应温度 14 5 0～ 15 0 0℃ ,加入镁钙合金 5 0kg t和助熔剂CaF2 11kg t,可使精炼后 0 0Cr18Ni10的磷含量进一步降低到 (5 0～ 6 0 )× 10 - 6 ,钢中氧、硫含量分别稳定降到(4～ 6 )× 10 - 6 和 15× 10 - 6 。     

0Cr18Ni9纯净不锈钢75t LF精炼工艺的优化

通过预处理铁水-75 t K-OBM-S-VOD-LF流程生产0Cr18Ni9纯净不锈钢。0Cr18Ni9纯净钢在LF精炼过程中,当底吹氩搅拌功率由20～40W/t降至13～21W/t,并按Ca/Al≈0.1喂入适量Ca-Si线,钢中氧含量和Al₂O₃含量分别降至30×10^-6和5×10^-6以下;金相法检验结果表明,0Cr18Ni9纯净钢板坯中夹杂物总量降低40%,≥20μm的夹杂降至5%以下。     

1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢管坯表面横裂分析

1Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢中δ铁素体数量（级）过高是影响其轧（锻）坯表面质量的主要因素。当钢中δ-铁素体级超过2．5级,钢坯表面质量急剧下降。作为1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢管坯更应对δ-铁素体进行严格控制。当δ-铁素体量≤10％、[Cr]／[Ni]≤1．70、n≤0．70％,[ri]／[C]控制在7～8,保温温度控制在1220℃左右,1Cr18NigTi不锈钢管坯可获得良好的表面质量。     

我国21-4N气阀钢的研究现状和发展趋势

21-4N(5Cr21Mn9Ni4N)钢为汽车发动机排气阀用奥氏体耐热钢，该钢主要通过碳、氮化物沉淀硬化，在700℃使用温度下具有高的强韧性和耐磨性，并具有冷热交变的组织稳定性和抗氧化性，广泛用于制造排气阀。由于21-4N钢的热变形温度范围窄，该钢最佳锻轧温度为1100～980℃，冷加工硬化效应强，变形抗力较1Cr18Ni9Ti钢高30％，在锻造、热轧、冷拔时易产生裂纹。冷拔时两道次变形量≤1．10，钢中冷轧代替冷拔，加入提高钢的热塑性的稀土等微量元素和控制工艺参数是降低钢材表面裂纹、提高成品率的主要措施。     

Microstructure of Steel 5Cr21Mn9Ni4N Alloyed by Rare Earth

The microstructure, composition and shape of precipitated phase under as-cast and finished product state of 5Cr21Mn9Ni4N steel with different rare earth （RE） amount were studied. Mechanical properties of 5Cr21Mn9Ni4N steels withont RE addition and with RE added by 0. 2% in mass percent were tested respectively. The results indicate that the solid solution amount of RE is about 10^-6 -10^-5 order of magnitude in 5Cr21Mn9Ni4N steel. Dendrite of as-cast condition is refined obviously and dimension of interstitial phase is shortened when RE is added by 0.10%-0.20%. But the microstructure will be coarser if surplus RE is added. Precipitated phase under finished product state distributes evenly in nearly same size with RE added by 0. 2% which leads to a largely improved high temperature mechanical property.     

0Cr18Ni10Ti中温（350℃）性能探讨

通过分析影响0Cr18Ni10Ti中温（350℃）性能的因素,对0Cr18Ni10Ti化学成分、α-相和晶粒度进行控制,提高0Cr18Ni10Ti中温（350℃）强度,以满足技术条件要求。     

Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of plastic mold steel 10Ni2Cr2MnCuMoVAl

The effects of solution and aging treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of 10Ni2Cr2MnCuMoVAl plastic mold steel were experimentally studied. The results show that the dominant microstructure of 10Ni2Cr2MnCuMoVAl steel after solid solution treatment is lath martensite, and higher solution temperature results to larger width of martensite, while the highest value of hardness could be obtained after solution treatment at 890??. After aging, the microstructure consists of lath martensite, granular bainite and carbides. For steel aged at 460-520??, the strength of the material gradually increased with higher aging temperature, while the toughness decreased gradually. When the temperature exceeded 520??, higher temperature led to decreased hardness and increased toughness. Compared the mechanical properties of steel aged at 540?? for different time, the test steel reached the peak of mechanical properties at 8h. By comparing the mechanical properties of the test steels after different aging treatments, the optimized heat treatment process of 10Ni2Cr2MnCuMoVAl steel is solution treatment at 880?? for 2h with air cooling and tempering temperature at 540?? for 4h with air cooling.     

WC-10Co-4Cr 含量对HVOF 制备WC-10Co-4Cr/Ni60涂层性能的影响

为改善农业机械工作部件的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性能,提高其使用寿命,采用超音速火焰喷涂的技术,在45 # 钢表面制备WC-10Co-4Cr/Ni60 涂层。在Ni60 粉末中分别添加质量分数为0、10 %、20 % 和30 % 的WC-10Co- 4Cr 粉末,探究WC-10Co-4Cr 含量对WC-10Co-4Cr/Ni60 涂层性能的影响。结果表明,制备的WC-10Co-4Cr/ Ni60 涂层组织均匀致密,涂层主要由γ ( NiCr ) 相和WC 相组成,含有少量的W2C、Ni3Fe 和Cr3Si 相,没有明显 的氧化脱碳现象。30 %WC-10Co-4Cr/Ni60 涂层的硬度达到9.35 GPa,是Ni60 涂层的1.23 倍,该涂层的耐磨性能最好, 在摩擦115 m 后,单位面积的总磨损量47.2 mg/cm2,比Ni60 涂层减少了35.3 %。20 %WC-10Co-4Cr/Ni60 涂层 的断裂韧性最高为6.04 MPa·m1/2,相较于Ni60 涂层提高了24.3 %,此外,该涂层在酸性环境中的耐腐蚀性能均 最佳。     

Influence of Manganese and Nickel on the α´ Martensite Transformation Temperatures of High Alloyed Cr‐Mn‐Ni Steels

The martensite start temperature (M_s), the martensite austenite re‐transformation start temperature (A_s) and the re‐transformation finish temperature (A_f) of six high alloyed Cr‐Mn‐Ni steels with varying Ni and Mn contents in the wrought and as‐cast state were studied. The aim of this investigation is the development of the relationships between the M_s, A_s, A_f, T₀ temperatures and the chemical composition of a new type of Cr‐Mn‐Ni steels. The investigations show that the M_s, A_s and A_f temperatures decrease with increasing nickel and manganese contents. The A_f temperature depends on the amount of martensite. Regression equations for the transformation temperatures are given. The experimental results are based on dilatometer tests and microstructure investigations.     

1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢晶间腐蚀试验研究

通过对1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢无缝钢管晶间腐蚀试验的研究,从多个方面分析造成试样材质不合格的原因,进而总结出在冶炼18-8型不锈钢时化学成分控制的要点.     

Influence of nitrogen-alloying on the tempering properties of the martensitic stainless steel 00Cr13Ni4Mo

The mechanical and corrosive properties of 00Cr13Ni4Mo(S13-4N) were tested and compared with those of 00Cr13Ni6Mo(S13-6).The effects of nitrogen on the properties of the steels were analyzed.The results of the tensile and corrosion tests show the strength,the ductility,and the pitting corrosion resistance of S13-4N are higher,lower and poorer than those of S13-6 respectively,when tempered at a temperature below 550℃and vice versa when the tempering temperature is higher than 550℃.The results of the X-ray diffraction(XRD) and the electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) analyses reveal that inversed austenite appears at 550℃and the amount of it peaks at 600℃with the best ductility.And the total amount of the inversed austenite in S13-6 is more than that in S13-4N in different forms. Nitrogen performs better in terms of stabilizing inversed austenite while nickel is more favorable for forming inversed austenite,the amount and stability of which affect the ductility remarkably.The reason for the embrittlement of S13-4N at 450℃can be the result of carbide and nitride precipitating at grain boundaries.     

06Cr25Ni20氧化铁皮演变及机制探讨

摘要：工业生产的06Cr25Ni20钢卷经过不同温度、不同时间氧化,通过SEM、XRD检测分析发现：在800～900℃/20h下,生成Cr2O3和MnCr2O4氧化层,随着氧化时间延长,在120h时形成最外面为MnCr2O4尖晶石结构,中间为Cr2O3,最里面为SiO2的3层氧化皮结构,在140h时,氧化层中间层大量Cr2O3生成MnCr2O4,氧化层中的MnCr2O4尺寸略有增加;温度和时间对06Cr25Ni20抗氧化性影响显著,在800℃氧化时,随时间的延长样品氧化速率变化很小,而当温度升高到1000℃时,样品其氧化速度迅速升高,在100h前其速率呈直线下降,100h后氧化速率趋于平缓,减小程度变小。现场结合氧化铁皮生成结构和氧化速率规律进行酸洗工艺调整,钢卷表面质量和生产效率得到极大的提高。     

幕墙连接件用铸态中氮奥氏体不锈钢的力学性能和耐蚀性

试验用新型铸态超低碳低镍中氮奥氏体不锈钢022Cr20Mn10Ni6N(%:0.023～0.027C、9.86～9.95Mn、19.24～20.09Cr、5.41～5.42Ni、0.27～0.34N)由15 kg中频感应炉冶炼,并试验研究了铸态022Cr20Mn10Ni6N钢与铸态304钢(%:0.076C、1.87Mn、18.02Cr、8.64Ni)的组织,力学性能和耐蚀性。结果表明,新型铸态不锈钢的力学性能、耐点蚀性能、耐弱酸弱碱均匀腐蚀性能明显优于铸态304不锈钢,新型铸态不锈钢022Cr20Mn10Ni6N中性盐雾耐蚀性和304钢相当,可满足大气环境玻璃幕墙金属连接件的应用要求。     

0Cr17Ni钢回火脆性机理分析

 对淬火后不同温度回火的0Cr17Ni不锈钢进行了冲击试验,发现该材料存在较严重的回火脆性。通过透射电镜（TEM）、扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和俄歇电子谱仪（AES）的观察分析,研究了0Cr17Ni不锈钢产生回火脆性的原因。结果表明：该材料发生高温回火脆性的断裂属于解理与准解理复合型断裂,而并非是典型的沿晶断裂,导致回火脆性断裂的主要原因是回火过程中出现的针状碳化物。