共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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高岭石/二甲亚砜插层复合物的热分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
用热重-差示扫描量热法(thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry,TG-DSC)和X射线衍射研究了高岭石/二甲亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide,DMSO)插层复合物形成时,吸附在高岭石表面的DMSO分子的存在状况.测量了复合物在60℃干燥不同时间和升温速率不同时的TG-DSC曲线.结果表明:复合物在60℃干燥24h后可将吸附分子除去,而不影响插入的DMSO;水和DMSO的脱附温度分别为60℃和117℃.根据热分析数据计算得到了Al2[SiO2O5](OH)4与DMSO的摩尔比值为1.04:1.研究发现:在高岭石的层间不存在水分子,水分子仅仅吸附在高岭石的表面. 相似文献
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介绍了二甲亚砜(DMSO)取代法制备高岭石/酒石酸(标记为K/T)插层复合物.产物经XRD-6000粉晶衍射和傅立叶变换红外光谱表征.XRD表明:高岭石层间距由0.72 nm扩张到1.09 nm,插层率达50%.红外光谱表明:酒石酸分子的羰基与高岭石的内表面羟基形成了氢键,而羟基与高岭石的硅氧面的氧形成了氢键.酒石酸分子以单分子层平铺于高岭石层间. 相似文献
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超声波法制备高岭石插层复合物 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
用超声波法制备了高岭石插层复合物.利用红外光谱、X射线衍射和透射电子显微镜分析了不同产地高岭石结构的差异、插层效果以及它们之间的关系.比较了不同类型插层剂与高岭石的插层产物、插层效果及插层机理.结果表明:相同条件下,多水高岭石(埃洛石)和结构压力大的管状高岭石比普通高岭石更易于插层.在60℃,3 h,超声波条件下,将高岭石/二甲基亚砜(dimethylsulphoxide,DMSO)作为媒介,采用两步插层法快速制备高岭石/乙醇前驱体,但DMSO的插层率优于乙醇的.甲醇钠与苏州高岭石作用后,使部分苏州土片层间剥离. 相似文献
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高岭石及其有机插层复合物在高性能陶瓷领域有着良好的应用前景。本文利用微波技术,以DMSO作为前驱体,制备高岭石/丙烯酰胺插层复合物,发现微波对丙稀酰胺的插层反应具有相当明显的促进作用,反应时间从通常的几天缩短到几个小时。采用X-射线衍射、FT-IR光谱、TG等技术对其进行表征。结果表明:反应2小时后,该插层复合物的层间距即可扩大为1.139nm,其键合方式发生了改变,形成新的氢键。这为工业生产高岭石有机插层物以及制造纳米级高岭土提供了高效的新途径,并为进一步生产高性能陶瓷方面打下了基础。 相似文献
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通过取代法成功地将甘氨酸插入到高岭石层间,制备出高岭石/甘氨酸插层复合物,XRD显示插层复合物1.0nm出现衍射峰,红外光谱表明甘氨酸分子中的N、O原子与高岭石片层间离子形成了氢键。 相似文献
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Chan Joong Kim Suk-Joong L. Kang Dong-Yeon Won 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1992,75(3):570-574
Compact swelling in Pb-doped Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductor has been studied by observing the effects of the size of calcined powders, volatilization of materials, and sintering of high- T c (2223) powders. The bulk density increases at the early stage of sintering, for about 20 h, and then decreases. Densification occurs when the low- T c (2212) phase and a liquid phase exist, whereas dedensification occurs with the formation of the 2223 phase regardless of the presence of the liquid. Gas evolution from specimens does not appear to be responsible for compact swelling. Compact swelling is explained by anisotropic growth of thin, platelike 2223 grains in random orientation. When 2223 grains grow in a preferred direction, compact swelling is suppressed. 相似文献
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BxCyNz nanoscale materials, hybrids of h-BN and graphite, have been recently synthesised using various techniques. Here, we present the latest advances in the synthesis and characterisation of B-C-N nanotubes and nanofibres. In particular, we focus on layered BC2N, BN, BC and CNx systems, reviewing their production methods as well as their structural and electronic properties. These materials may find important applications in the fabrication of nanotransistors, robust nanocomposites, conducting polymers, storage components and field emission sources. 相似文献
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A new ampholytic homopolypeptide, , which has one tertiary amino and two carboxyl groups in the side chain has been derived from a hydrochloride salt of poly(L-lysine). The polymer in aqueous solution seems to be in the coil form with locally extended structure (LES) at neutral pH. In both the acidic and alkaline regions, the molar ellipticity of the polymer changes as a result of change in net charge on the side chain. The conformational changes may be from the coil with LES to other coiled forms. 5–7 M NaClO4 and 80% aqueous methanol induce the α-helix in the polymer at neutral pH. Divalent cations, Cu2+ and Ca2+, do not induce any remarkably ordered structures such as α-helix or β-structure in the polymer in aqueous solution at any pH. Ultraviolet absorption studies show an absorption peak of the polymer-Cu2+ complex near 240 nm. Dependence of the peak intensity on pH at various q values () indicates the two steps of the complex formation. At q less than 0.64, the formation is described only with the first step. An average coordination number for Cu2+ at the first step was calculated to be about 2 by the method of Mandel and Leyte. The association constant of Cu2+ with the residue at the step was determined from the absorption data to be far smaller than that for the Cu2+-EDTA complex. The second step of the formation occurs in the case of large q but the absorption data for the second step cannot be obtained exactly due to precipitation. 相似文献
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Sergey Kucheiko Dong-Hun Yeo Ji-Won Choi Seok-Jin Yoon Hyun-Jai Kim 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2002,85(5):1327-1329
The microwave dielectric properties of CaTi1− x (Al1/2 Nb1/2 ) x O3 solid solutions (0.3 ≤ x ≤ 0.7) have been investigated. The sintered samples had perovskite structures similar to CaTiO3 . The substitution of Ti4+ by Al3+ /Nb5+ improved the quality factor Q of the sintered specimens. A small addition of Li3 NbO4 (about 1 wt%) was found to be very effective for lowering sintering temperature of ceramics from 1450–1500° to 1300°C. The composition with x = 0.5 sintered at 1300°C for 5 h revealed excellent dielectric properties, namely, a dielectric constant (ɛr ) of 48, a Q × f value of 32 100 GHz, and a temperature coefficient of the resonant frequency (τf ) of −2 ppm/K. Li3 NbO4 as a sintering additive had no harmful influence on τf of ceramics. 相似文献
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Xiaoxing Wang Helen Lai-Wa Chan Chung-Loong Choy 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2003,86(10):1809-1811
(Bi1/2 Na1/2 )TiO3 with 0–6 mol% Ba(Cu1/2 W1/2 )O3 (BNT-BCW), a new member of the BNT-based group, has been prepared following the conventional mixed oxide route. The compacted bodies were sintered at 1130°C for 2 h to get dense ceramics. The addition of BCW into BNT ceramics facilitated the poling process because of a reduction in leakage current. 0.995BNT·0.005BCW ceramics exhibit a relatively high piezoelectric constant ( d 33 = 80 × 10−12 C/N) and a relatively low dielectric loss (tan δ= 1.5%). Increased amount of BCW was found to increase the dielectric constant and loss of BNT-BCW ceramics and to suppress the grain growth. During sintering, some BCW diffuses into the lattice of BNT to form a solid solution and some remains on the grain boundaries. 相似文献
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The crystal structure of lanthanum-modified lead magnesium niobates having composition (Pb1− x La x ) (Mg(1+ x )/3 -Nb(2− x )/3 )O3 with X = 0 to 1 was investigated by X-ray powder diffraction. It was found that the fundamental reflections from perovskite structure remain in the whole range of composition. The superlattice reflections from the A(B'1/2 -B"1/2 )O3 ordered structure are also well preserved for La content greater than 50 at.%; however, a series of extra peaks of mixing indices appears, with intensities gradually enhanced with the increase of La content. For the complete substitution of Pb by La, a splitting of some reflections can be observed in the diffraction pattern. The results indicate that the crystal structure evolves continuously with the La content, from disordered cubic perovskite of space group Pm 3 m for X = 0, to ordered cubic perovskite of space group Fm 3 m for X = 0.5, distorted cubic perovskite of space group Pa 3 for 0.5 < X < 0.9, and finally to a rhombohedral perovskite, possibly belonging to the space group R 3 , for X ≥ 0.9. In the evolution of structure, a linear reduction of the lattice constant of the perovskite cell from 4.048 to 3.964 Å was observed. 相似文献