产品配置及其冲突问题联合优化研究

为了解决在产品配置过程中,客户给出违反产品配置约束的需求,导致系统不能给出满足客户需求的配置而发生的产品配置冲突问题。文章提出一种产品配置及其冲突问题联合优化方法,将客户的原始需求作为配置条件输入,构建以最大化满足客户原始需求与性能、最小化成本及交货期为目标,并将客户的个性化需求以及产品配置规则作为约束条件的多目标产品配置冲突模型。采用解决多目标问题的差分进化-分布估计混合算法来求解满足客户要求的最优配置。最后通过实例,验证了改进模型的有效性。     

产品设计质量综合评价的理论研究

随着市场竞争的加剧和各种先进技术的应用,尤其是并行工程和产品并行设计技术的应用,产品设计质量已不再用是否满足设计任务书中规定的性能指标来衡量,而是从市场／用户、技术、经济、环境等多个方面来评价产品设计质量的优劣。本文提出了产品设计质量综合评价理论与体系,从而实现了从多方位、多层次对产品设计质量的全面综合评价     

基于CAD/CAE塑料支架注射模设计简

通过对塑料支架塑件的结构进行工艺分析,确定了相应的模具结构,并运用CAD与CAE分析设计软件对模具的浇注系统、冷却系统、抽芯机构等进行了详细设计说明,并介绍了模具的实际工作过程。实践证明：模具运行灵活可靠,并取得了较好的经济效益。     

End-of-Life-Based Negotiation Throughout the Design Process

The aim of this paper is to suggest a methodology to accommodate a preferred end-of-life scenario in the early phases of a product. Life-cycle engineering and DFE methods have tried to improve design from an environmental point of view. But they failed to provide product designers with both levers on usable product characteristics and strategic objectives. The situation-based approach proposed focuses on negotiation of end-of-life strategies and their impact on product characteristics throughout the product development phase. It is based on the way negotiation between product engineer and end-of-life strategy engineer can be prepared, then performed and controlled.     

BID: A knowledge-based system to automate blocker design

In closed-die forging with flash, design of blockers is of critical importance. However, while finite element method-based computer simulation programs are gaining wider acceptance to evaluate completed die designs, actual die design itself still remains predominantly manual because determination of the proper blocker configuration is a very difficult task, an art acquired only through years of experience. Efforts to computerize blocker design so far are primarily based either on interactive graphics, or a set of fixed design procedures which do not take into account design variations due to geometry and/or process variables. This paper describes the development of an automated blocker design system named BID (Blocker Initial-guess Design), developed using the knowledge-based systems approach, which attempts to take these design variations into consideration.     

Convertibility Measures for Manufacturing Systems

With increased consumer demands for a wider variety of products In changeable, unpredicted quantities, manufacturing system responsiveness has become increasingly Important for Industry competitiveness. Manufacturers need systems that can be rapidly adjusted with regard to both functionality and throughput capacity over the lifetime of the system. Convertibility is defined as the capability of a system to adjust production functionality, or change from one product to another. End-users of manufacturing systems are struggling with the Issue of how to measure and quantify convertibility. Metrics for convertibility are proposed in this paper so that different manufacturing systems can be compared with respect to this area of performance. These metrics are based on assessments of the configuration itself, and the system components such as machines and material handling devices. Metrics for quantifying convertibility are useful for comparing system configurations during the early phases of design, with out requiring detailed product or process plan Information.     

酶箱盖通气装置注射模设计

通过对酶箱盖通气装置的材料、结构、质量要求、生产量分析,确定了合理的模具方案,分析模具分型面、型腔数量及布置、浇注系统、排气方式、冷却系统,设计了模具结构。加工组装模具,进行了生产验证,达到产品质量要求。对设计人员设计生产类似的产品有一定的参考作用。     

Knowledge-based risk evaluation during the offer calculation of customised products

The individualisation of products is a hybrid business strategy, which increases the competitiveness of production enterprises. But the inherent risks of order processing for customised products jeopardises the successful and economical implementation of this strategy: A potential risk exists within the calculation of the total costs due to incomplete information about the product and the production processes during the offer specification process as well as due to the temporal fluctuations of the prices and costs after the offer specification. This paper analyses the risks and existing methods regarding risks in offer calculation processes. The approach developed here proposes a knowledge-based system for the evaluation and configuration of risks during the order processing of individualised products. Based on a classification of the immanent risks, an evaluation method is introduced which is implemented in a knowledge-based system. The methods developed for calculation and interpretation allow for a good analysis of the risk situation of individualised products.     

基于Ontology的装配公差规范的自动生成

针对几何产品公差规范设计中存在的不确定性问题,文章将本体理论引入到装配公差规范的设计中,为装配公差规范的自动化、智能化设计提供一种可行的方法。首先构建装配公差规范层次化表示模型,并采用OWL DL断言表示模型层次间的约束关系;其次,根据装配公差规范中的概念和关系,构建装配公差规范的本体模型;再次,根据装配公差规范设计领域的专家知识,使用语义网规则语言(SWRL)构建装配公差规范设计的推理规则;然后,根据构建的本体表示模型及定义的推理规则,构建装配公差规范设计知识库,在此基础上编写装配公差规范智能化设计算法;最后,以齿轮减速器为实例说明了装配公差规范自动生成的过程,并分析验证了该方法的有效性。     

酶箱盖注射模设计

通过对酶箱盖的材料、结构、质量要求、生产量分析,确定了合理的模具结构方案,分析了模具分型面、型腔数量及布置、浇注系统、排气方式、冷却系统,设计出型腔模、抽芯机构和脱模机构。加工组装模具后,选择合适的注射机,进行了生产验证,达到产品质量要求。对设计人员设计生产类似的产品有一定的参考作用。     

汽车门板零件工艺分析和注射模设计

通过对汽车门板零件工艺分析、模具制造前期分析、模具设计特点分析、结构合理化设置，满足汽车门板模具、产品装配、外观要求等各项技术指标。     

A new geometric error modeling approach for multi-axis system based on stream of variation theory

This paper introduces a new geometric error modeling approach for multi axes system (MAS) based on stream of variation (SOV) theory, especially for multi-axis precision stage. SOV is used for measuring product quality for some complicated multi operations system, which is widely used in error propagation in engineering field. This paper introduces SOV concept into geometric error modeling for MAS. Instead of different process in manufacture, the new error modeling approach regards each axis as a station in MAS, and calculates the deviations after each station which is considered as upstream factor to next station. It is clear to observe how geometric errors give influence and how deviations accumulate. Different with conventional methods which are only used for error compensation in machine tools, the new error model is beneficial for sensitive error control and optimal configuration selection in design part. In addition, the new error modeling has some merits such as debugging easily due to observe the deviations after every station. A case study of new error modeling procedure for six-axis stage (SAS) in optoelectronic packaging system (OPS) is developed, and applications related to error reduction order and optimal configuration selection are processed based on the new error model.     

优质高抗挤套管WSP110T的研制

套管挤毁损坏是油气田开发中面临的重大技术难题,为此,研制了一种非API系列的高抗挤套管WSP110T。叙述了该高抗挤套管的设计原理、主要研制过程及试验结果。权威部门对该套管的评价结果表明,其抗挤性能超过API标准规定值的25%以上。因此,用WSP110T套管代替普通API套管,可以有效延长油气井的寿命,提高油田的综合开发效益,具有广阔的推广前景。     

中间罐感应加热在特钢连铸上的应用及其关键技术

中间罐感应加热装置是实施中间罐冶金的一套精炼装置,只有深刻理解中间罐感应加热装置的基本原理,充分发挥该装置的技术优势,控制好关键技术参数,才能取得理想的冶金效果;通过对该装置的热调试、试生产及正常生产中出现的各种情况的分析,提出：合理设计中间罐耐火材料及砌筑工艺,严格控制上线钢包的钢水温度,以便能更好地主动去除钢中的夹杂物及精准地控制中间罐钢水的最佳过热度;合理安放通道砖的角度、出口位置并合理安放挡墙或坝,在中间罐内形成科学和合理的流场,有利于去除夹杂物和均匀钢水温度;实施计算机对整个中间罐感应加热操作工艺的系统管理及监控并纳入考核,以充分发挥设备的功能,最大程度提高产品质量。     

锥形辊穿孔机顶头辗轧锥角的精益设计及验证

建立了锥形辊穿孔机顶头辗轧锥角数学模型,以精确求得锥形辊穿孔机顶头辗轧锥角;并采用有限元法对设计效果进行验证.结果表明：采用穿孔机顶头辗轧锥角的精益设计方法设计的顶头,其轧制的毛管壁厚相对误差在2％～3％,壁厚最大偏差在1％以内,满足API标准要求且达到较高精度.该设计方法为穿孔工具设计软件及工艺控制模型的建立提供数学理论依据,可有效提升企业产品的市场竞争力.     

基于产品族的产品设计方法研究

为达到快速响应市场需求和客户的特殊要求,实现产品快速设计,提出了在广义产品族基础上的产品设计方法：利用典型产品模板作为平台,组建企业产品族,并利用零件族实现产品配置形成新的产品;开发在线定制平台和智能浏览器,使客户浏览到产品、说明书,对产品图样进行简单更改和意图说明,实现客户化定制。利用这些技术,使企业实现设计知识重用,达到快速产品开发的目的,并以最快、最好的服务满足客户需求。     

基于CAD/CAE技术的双色隔热板注射模设计

以双色注射模隔热板为载体,分析了塑件的工艺特征,对该塑件模具的各部分结构如成型零件、侧向分型抽芯机构、浇注系统等作了分析设计,最终确定其总体结构。论文以MoldFlow10软件为平台,对隔热板的充型过程进行了数字模拟分析。证明了所设计方案的可行性和合理性。并利用Pro/E 5.0对隔热板的模具绘制。完整的诠释了CAD/CAE技术在双色模具中的应用。     

基于Windchill的产品配置管理研究

探索产品配置管理和产品知识重用的处理过程,首先讨论产品结构和产品配置的功能,并分析用模型类型定义和树结构表达产品配置的可行性方法.提出在Windchill系统下用树结构和模型类型定义相结合以实现产品配置管理的方法,给出产品配置和定义的数据库表结构基本描述和实现技术,叙述如何合理利用原有历史数据和单机版的产品数据和模型集成为网络化协同产品设计信息.并叙述Windchill 的用户化应用的基本开发过程和方法.     

新一代GPS系统表面模型的数字化描述与操作技术

产品尺寸和几何技术规范（Dimensional and Geometrical Product Specification and Verification，GPS）是有关产品几何特性的一系列技术标准，它贯穿于产品的研究、开发、设计、制造、验收到使用和维护的全过程。本文介绍了新一代GPS标准体系表面模型的概念及其数字化描述方法，探讨了基于新一代GPS的表面模型的操作技术。其中几何要素、特征、恒定类和恒定度等概念的引入，为实现几何技术规范的数字化描述、设计、评定与控制提供了必要的理论基础。有效地解决了产品更新换代在功能描述、规范设计和认证评定全过程中数学表达规范统一的难题。     

浅谈加油站新形象的设计与改造

阐述了加油站新形象设计的重要性和迫切性。指出以加油站新形象改造作为切入点，实行统一形象、统一标识、统一配送的“三统一”管理体制，就能打造出较为完善的成品油零售网络，为加油站员工提供优良的工作环境，为消费者营造舒适的消费空间，使中国石化加油站形成一道城市建设中的靓丽风景。通过加油站新形象设计与改造的实例，笔者认识到，设计除了要有创新意识外，还要以规范与标准为准绳，不断修正设计，这样，才能设计出可行、可依、可靠的加油站设计。