遗传性毛细血管扩张症合并肺栓塞1例

首先用溶胶-凝胶法制得了Pb_(0.95)Sr_(0.05)(Zr_(0.52)Ti_(0.48))O_3(PZTS)纳米粉料,然后采用固相反应法合成一系列PZTS-NiCuZn铁电-铁磁复合材料.研究了该复合材料的电磁性能.结果表明,在一定温度下烧结所得的复合材料,由铁电相和铁磁相组成,对外表现出铁电性和铁磁性,同时具有电感和电容两种特性,且频率稳定性好,有望成为用于制作叠层片式抗电磁干扰(EMI)滤波器的复合双性材料.     

铁电/铁磁复合材料的介电、铁电性能研究

采用传统的固相烧结工艺制备了铁电/铁磁复合材料,组分为(1-x)NiFe_2O_4+xPbZr_(0.52)Ti_(0.48)O_3(其中x=0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8).利用XRD和背散射电子像分析了复合材料的相成分,结果表明,复合材料由铁电相和铁磁相组成,无杂相生成.通过测量电阻率及压电性能得出复合材料的最佳烧结温度约为1 220 ℃.介电温谱研究表明,相变温度约为390 ℃,且不随频率变化,是铁电到顺电的相变.电滞回线呈束腰特征,剩余极化强度较小,随铁电体含量的增加剩余极化强度增大,铁电性加强.     

(Bi3.7Dy0.3)(Ti2.8V0.2)O12铁电薄膜的制备及退火影响

铁电材料在铁电存储器等领域具有良好的应用前景,受到极大的关注,其中铋层状铁电薄膜因为其良好的铁电性,得到了广泛的研究.采用溶胶-凝胶法在Pt(111)/Ti/SiO2/Si(100)基底成功沉积出(Bi3.7Dy0.3)(Ti2.8V0.2)O12(BDTV)的A、B位同时掺杂的铁电薄膜,发现这种双掺能够显著改善薄膜的铁电性.研究了650～800℃不同退火温度下,BDTV铁电薄膜的铁电性能、晶体结构及表面形貌变化.通过SEM分析发现,温度为750℃时,薄膜的颗粒生长较好,薄膜的铁电性能最佳.     

从表面能的观点讨论尺寸驱动的铁电-顺电相变

铁电体的尺寸减小到某一临界尺寸－铁电临界尺寸时,铁电性将消失,即发生尺寸驱动的铁电－顺电相变。该文从表面能的观点讨论这个相变。在朗道相变理论的框架内,我们推导了铁电临界尺寸的表示式。它提供了由表面能密度确定铁电临界尺寸的方法。利用已知的钛酸和钛酸铅的铁电临界尺寸,得到了这两种材料铁电相与顺电相表面能密度之差。     

掺杂钛酸钡薄膜的合成及性能研究

通过化学溶液沉积法制备的BiFeO3-BaTiO3薄膜在室温下能够同时显现铁电性和铁磁性。在600℃至700℃的条件下,以Pt/TiOx/SiO2/Si为载体,能够成功得到钙钛矿单相0.7BiFeO3-0.3BaTiO3薄膜。随着结晶温度上升,晶粒持续增长,最终在700℃时到达更高的结晶度。由于0.7BiFeO3-0.3BaTiO3薄膜的绝缘电阻较低,它所显现的极化(P)-电场(E)磁滞回线较弱。尽管如此,在0.7BiFeO3-0.3BaTiO3薄膜铁的位置上添加锰,高作用场的漏电流有效地减少,最终铁电性质得到了提高。在室温下,添加了摩尔分数5%的锰的0.7BiFeO3-0.3BaTiO3薄膜同时显现铁电极化和铁磁磁化磁滞回线。     

磁电复合材料的研究现状及展望

介绍了国内外磁电复合材料的研究历史和制备方法,如混相法,铁电/铁磁材料层状复合法。探讨了磁电复合材料应用研究中亟待解决的问题,指出了今后的发展趋势是改进复合材料的设计方法、制备工艺和集成器件应用。     

铁电向列相液晶的研究进展

铁电性是电介质具备的一种自发极化状态，普遍发现于对称性较低的晶（固）体材料体系。流体或高流动性软物质材料通常呈现高对称性，因而与铁电性的要求是相违背的。引入强极性或者铁电性是液晶新材料领域备受关注的策略，对开发新型柔性光电器件具有重要意义，在液晶乃至软物质流体材料中一直充满挑战性。相比于传统的液晶和软物质材料，铁电向列相液晶具备多种变革性性质，包括超高介电常数、强非线性光学响应、低电压驱动以及高流动性等，为开发新型先进的柔性光学和电学器件提供了新的可能性。本文介绍了铁电向列相液晶的发展历史，重点阐述了铁电向列相液晶与分子结构之间的关系、物理拓扑结构及特征物性，总结并展望了铁电向列相液晶的未来应用前景，尤其是在新型存储设备、柔性高端光电子器件、非线性光学等领域具有巨大潜力。     

可用于铁电阴极电子发射的钛酸钡基瓷料

为了扩大铁电阴极材料研究体系,寻求更高发射电流密度的阴极材料,对钛酸钡基铁电陶瓷开展了基于材料铁电性的电子发射初步研究。结果表明,该类瓷在外加脉冲12 kV高压下,电子发射电流密度约为23 A/cm2,有望作为铁电阴极材料,在真空器件中加以应用。     

铁性体的铁电铁弹耦合效应及其应用(一)

本文讨论了铁电铁弹晶体的耦合效应.描述了相酸钆(Gd_2(MoO_4)_3)晶体的基本特性,它是完全铁电兼完全铁弹性晶体,其铁电性和铁弹性相互完全地耦合.由于这种晶体具有许多优良的特性,可望有效地应用于许多方面.如高精密微位移器件、可调声表面波延迟线及多种光学器件.并讨论了它的一些有效应用前景及发展.     

复合双性LTCC材料基础研究

随着电子技术在自动化、工业控制、医学、航天航空和日常生活等领域的广泛应用,高密度、宽温域、小尺寸、多功能、高品质等特性日益成为其发展的必然趋势,同时这些特性给传统封装技术及工艺带来了巨大的挑战。在众多的封装技术中,低温共烧陶瓷LTCC(Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic)技术成为了国际研究的焦点,因为利用LTCC技术制备的产品不仅能具备高电流密度、小体积,而且还具备高可靠性和优良的电性能、传输特性及密封性。LTCC技术是一种先进的混合电路封装技术。它将四大无源器件,即变压器(T)、电容器(C)、电感器(L)和电阻器(R)集成,配置于多层布线基板中,与有源器件(如:功率MOS、晶体管和IC电路模块等)共同集成为一完整的电路系统。因此LTCC技术又称为混合集成技术,它能有效地提高电路的封装密度及系统的可靠性。笔者围绕LTCC技术中的低温共烧铁氧体LTCF(Low Temperature Co-fired Ferrite)材料,采用理论、实验及应用三位一体的研究模式,开发了一种新型LTCC复合介质材料,不但对该材料的复合机理进行了理论模拟而且对其在LTCC滤波器中的应用展开了研究。笔者在理论模型、材料制备和器件设计上做了一些探索性和创新性的工作,具体内容如下:(1)探索性地建立了针对LTCC陶瓷的低温烧结模型。模型基于液相烧结理论,以液相在晶粒边界引起的毛细管压力及溶解–淀析过程中化学势能的变化为烧结驱动力,将烧结温度、时间与烧结后的最终晶粒大小、相对密度联系起来,模拟出低温烧结动态过程中相对密度的变化趋势。(2)首次提出铁电–铁磁复合材料的复合理论并给予了系统的分析。讨论了复合材料中两相成分的化学结构及电磁性能在理论上对复合可能性的影响,根据材料的微观结构建立了复合模型,模型中假设铁电相均匀分布于铁磁相晶粒表面,并和气孔一起形成非磁性薄层将铁磁晶粒之间隔断,使铁磁颗粒孤立。通过对复合结构中铁磁晶粒内场变化的分析,推导出复合材料铁电/铁磁成分比与复合磁导率的关系方程;另外,利用微观结构中电流流通的等效电路,推导得到不同铁电/铁磁成分比时复合材料复数介电常数与频率的关系表达式。(3)研究了工艺条件对材料电磁性能的影响。按照工艺流程改变工艺参数预烧温度、二次球磨时间、烧结曲线中升温降温速度、烧结温度和保温时间,通过SEM、XRD等分析手段了解改变工艺参数对铁氧体材料微观结构的影响规律,通过对材料介电常数频谱、磁导率频谱及品质因数的测量得知工艺参数对材料电磁性能的影响规律,根据实验数据结果得到最佳铁氧体烧结工艺参数。(4)研究了不同掺杂离子及助熔剂的加入对低温烧结铁氧体LTCF材料的微观结构及电磁性能影响。首先研究了不同MnCO3和CuO含量对NiZn铁氧体烧结特性、微观结构及电磁性能的影响,首次发现了掺杂Mn离子的NiZn铁氧体其电磁性能对烧结温度具有敏感性。其次研究了不同助熔剂Bi2O3、WO3和Nb2O5对NiCuZn铁氧体烧结特性、微观结构及电磁性能的影响,实验揭示W6+对材料微观结构的改善;最后对低温NiCuZn铁氧体进行改性掺杂,研究稀土氧化物CeO2对其微观结构及电磁性能的影响,并给出NiCuZn铁氧体掺杂稀土元素时的磁频谱及介频谱。(5)开发了一新型的基于不同低温烧结NiCuZn铁氧体与高介电常数(BaTiOk+X)钙钛矿的具有电感、电容双性的铁电–铁磁复合材料,研究了不同铁电–铁磁含量对各组复合材料微观结构及电容电感双性的影响。并研究了不同助熔剂Bi2O3、WO3和Nb2O5对其烧结特性、微观结构及电容电感双性的影响。最后对复合材料进行稀土掺杂改性,研究稀土氧化物CeO2对其微观结构及电容电感双性的影响。(6)设计并制作出两种使用LTCC复合双性材料的3G通讯设备用带通滤波器。采用Ansoft HFSS电磁仿真软件对所建立的滤波器模型进行模拟仿真,通过调节滤波器结构参数使滤波器各性能指标达到要求,并实现生产制备。制得带通中心频率3.5 GHz,插损<2.8 dB,带宽>400 MHz,阻带衰减大于35 dB的微带式带通滤波器和带通中心频率1.4 GHz,插损<3 dB,带宽>160 MHz,阻带衰减大于30 dB的LC式带通滤波器。     

A Ferroelectric Ferromagnetic Composite Material with Significant Permeability and Permittivity

Composite materials containing both ferroelectric and ferromagnetic phases have been synthesized from nanometer‐sized powders of BaTiO₃ (ferroelectric phase) and NiCuZn ferrite (ferromagnetic phase) by a standard ceramic method. The coexistence of magnetic and electric hysteresis in the composite material has been observed at room temperature. Upon the application of magnetic and electric fields, the magnetization and electric polarization of the composite material can easily be tuned based on the changing BaTiO₃ content of the materials studied. These composite materials exhibit both excellent dielectric and soft‐magnetic properties with a variation of the frequency. Our results strongly suggest that this composite material may be the best candidate for the development of truly integrated passive filters. Due to the combination of both inductance and capacitance in one material, the adoption of an integrated passive filter could greatly reduce the size of printed circuit boards and could efficiently suppress electromagnetic interference, thereby enabling significant miniaturization of electronic elements and devices.     

Crossing an Interface: Ferroelectric Control of Tunnel Currents in Magnetic Complex Oxide Heterostructures

Experimental results on entirely complex oxide ferromagnetic/ferroelectric/ferromagnetic tunnel junctions are presented in which the tunneling magnetoresistance is modified by applying low electric field pulses to the junctions. The experiments indicate that ionic displacements associated with the polarization reversal in the ferroelectric barrier affect the complex band structure at ferromagnetic–ferroelectric interfaces. The results are discussed in the framework of the theoretically predicted magnetoelectric interface effect and may lead to novel multistate memory devices.     

Investigations on Structural,Optical and Multiferroic Properties of Bismuth Ferrite Nanoparticles Synthesized by Sonochemical Method

BiFeO₃ nanoparticles have been synthesized using a sonochemical method. The phase identification of the prepared sample was characterized by x–ray powder diffraction, which confirmed the rhombohedral structure. The diffused reflectance spectra showed bands in the ultraviolet and visible regions and the optical band gap was calculated using the Kulbeka–Munk function. The magnetization measurement revealed a ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature and this has been confirmed through an Arrott–Belov–Kouvel plot. The BiFeO₃ nanoparticles exhibit a ferroelectric nature at room temperature and the leakage current density was measured under the applied electric field of ±?30 kV/cm.     

E‐Field Control of Exchange Bias and Deterministic Magnetization Switching in AFM/FM/FE Multiferroic Heterostructures

The coexistence of electrical polarization and magnetization in multiferroic materials provides great opportunities for novel information storage systems. In particular, magnetoelectric (ME) effect can be realized in multi­ferroic composites consisting of both ferromagnetic and ferroelectric phases through a strain mediated interaction, which offers the possibility of electric field (E‐field) manipulation of magnetic properties or vice versa, and enables novel multiferroic devices such as magnetoelectric random access memories (MERAMs). These MERAMs combine the advantages of FeRAMs (ferroelectric random access memories) and MRAMs (magnetic random access memories), which are non‐volatile magnetic bits switchable by electric field (E‐field). However, it has been challenging to realize 180° deterministic switching of magnetization by E‐field, on which most magnetic memories are based. Here we show E‐field modulating exchange bias and for the first time realization of near 180° dynamic magnetization switching at room temperature in novel AFM (antiferromagnetic)/FM (ferromagnetic)/FE (ferroelectric) multiferroic heterostructures of FeMn/Ni₈₀Fe₂₀/FeGaB/PZN‐PT (lead zinc niobate–lead titanate). Through competition between the E‐field induced uniaxial anisotropy and unidirectional anisotropy, large E‐field‐induced exchange bias field‐shift up to $ {{{\Delta H_{ex}}}\over{{H_{ex}}}} = 218\%$ and near 180° deterministic magnetization switching were demonstrated in the exchange‐coupled multiferroic system of FeMn/Ni₈₀Fe₂₀/FeGaB/PZN‐PT. This E‐field tunable exchange bias and near 180° deterministic magnetization switching at room temperature in AFM/FM/FE multiferroic heterostructures paves a new way for MERAMs and other memory technologies.     

作为携带、沉积纳米荧光粉颗粒和纳米铁电体颗粒到FEDs和EL器件上的载体的可印刷的油墨、粘结剂

文章介绍了两种移植和可控纳米沉积荧光粉颗粒和纳米铁电体颗粒的载体.第一种载体是一种可以悬浮和沉积合成的具有亚微米级尺寸大小的荧光粉颗粒的油墨.解决了该油墨的聚集和沉降问题,并发现该油墨具有良好的液流学性能,从而可用于印刷高分辨率的荧光粉.测量了相关的单个象素的阴极发光密度以评定这种丝网印刷油墨的可重复性.第二种载体是一种粘结剂,这种粘结剂不仅可以携带 30 μm 以及更大的尺寸的电致发光的荧光粉,还可以携带纳米铁电体颗粒.这种新型的粘结剂可应用于不需要额外的绝缘反射层的低造价的 EL 显示器.从衬底按要求将发射层剥下来就形成了柔性薄膜,将该薄膜置于两电极之间,仍可保持其电致发光的活性.该粘结剂薄膜可以很容易地印刷和定型制成显示屏.     

Multiferroic Polymer Laminate Composites Exhibiting High Magnetoelectric Response Induced by Hydrogen‐Bonding Interactions

The coupling of the magnetic, electric, and elastic properties in multiferroics creates new collective phenomena and enables next‐generation device paradigms. In this work, the hydrogen bonding interaction between hydrate salts and ferroelectric polymers is exploited in the development of high‐performance magnetoelectric (ME) polymer laminate composites. The microstructures and crystallite structures of the Al(NO₃)₃·9H₂O doped poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene), P(VDF‐HFP), are carefully studied. The effect of hydrogen bonding interaction on the polarization ordering of the ferroelectric polymers is investigated by 2D wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, polarized Fourier transform infrared spectra, and dielectric spectra at varied frequencies and temperatures. It is found that hydrogen bond not only promotes the formation of the polar crystallite phase but also improves the polarization ordering in the ferroelectric polymer, which subsequently increases the remnant polarization of the polymers as verified in the polarization‐electric field loop measurements. These entail marked improvement in the ME voltage coefficients (α_ME) of the resulting polymer laminate composites based on ferromagnetic Metglas relative to analogous composites. The composite exhibits a state‐of‐the‐art α_ME value of 20 V cm^‐1 Oe under a dc magnetic field of ≈4 Oe and a colossal α_ME of 320 V cm^‐1 Oe at a frequency of 68 kHz.     

纳米钛酸钡陶瓷之尺寸效应及相关机理

对铁电陶瓷纳米粉粒的获得,铁电陶瓷纳米粉粒的粒度效应及其相关机理作了比较系统的叙述,进而对铁电陶瓷中微粒结构形成、微粒结构与铁电性能的关系进行分析,认为现在是将纳米技术用于电子材料的时机,应该找出常用的电子陶瓷材料的介电性能最佳的微粒尺寸分布区段,以利于工业应用及以后研究工作的发展。     

钛酸钡微晶粉粒的热刺激电流

研究了铁电微晶粉粒的热刺激电流及其铁电相变。对三种不同化学成分的钛酸钡粉料与硅油的混合物进行了热刺激电流测量。钛酸钡粉粒与硅油的混合物有很明显的热刺激电流(TSC)且表现出和铁电相变有关的明显的峰,显示出与粒径存在一定的关系;得出了样品的表观极化强度曲线。证明了当粉料与硅油混合后,用介电谱观测不到的粉料的铁电–顺电相变,用 TSC 方法可以观察到。