湿法提铜电积工程实践及添加剂优化探讨

总结了国内外铜电积的工程实践,对铜电积过程添加剂进行优化。结果表明,铜电积液添加Co2+有利于减缓阳极腐蚀速度和降低阳极电位,合适的Co2+浓度为100mg/L;古尔胶有利于生成表面光滑、平整的阴极铜,适宜用量为每吨铜50g;硫脲在不同的电流密度下对阴极铜质量影响不同;铜电积液不适宜添加盐酸。     

高电流密度电积技术在铜冶炼厂的现场应用

在275A/m~2高电流密度下电积铜,电积系统运行稳定,产出的铜产品外观形貌与质量都达到指标要求;溶液中铁离子质量浓度为6g/L时,电积槽电流效率为88%。高电流密度电积技术对湿法炼铜厂扩大产能提供了行之有效的技术保证。     

用电积法从氰化提金尾液中回收铜的工艺实验研究

研究了用电积法从含铜氰化尾液中回收铜的工艺参数。先对配制的铜质量浓度为12.07g/L的氰化物溶液进行电沉积回收铜实验,分别采用钛板及石墨板作为阴极和阳极材料,研究了溶液中铜浓度、电积液温度、电积时间、电流密度及溶液流速等因素对铜回收率及电流效率的影响,确定了合适的工艺参数。根据确定的工艺参数,对来自某金矿铜质量浓度为12.40g/L的氰化溶液,在50℃下电积8h,电流密度取75 mA/cm2,溶液循环速度取30mL/m in,阴极产物得到了铜质量分数为99.87%的铜-锌合金,总的电能消耗为2 938kW.h/t。     

旋流电解技术脱除污酸中铜砷的研究

污酸是有色金属冶炼中普遍存在的废酸,具有污染物种类多成分复杂、酸度高且最难处理的特点。污酸也是冶炼厂酸性重金属离子废水主要来源,其传统处理工艺产生大量危险废渣且处理成本高。旋流电解技术以可适用范围广且高选择性等特点日益受到重视。本论文利用旋流电解技术处理污酸溶液,研究了初始铜离子浓度对铜砷脱除效果的影响,并同并联循环连续电积脱砷法和控制阴极电势电积法做了比较。结果表明,在初始铜离子浓度为3 g·L~(-1)时,旋流电解6 h时砷脱除率最好(71.42%)。初始铜离子浓度3 g·L~(-1)以内时,砷脱除率随初始铜离子浓度升高而升高;初始铜离子浓度超过3 g·L~(-1)时,初始铜离子浓度升高对砷脱除不利。旋流电解技术可在高电流密度500 A·m~(-2)下进行脱砷,高于并联循环连续电积法的320 A·m~(-2)和控制阴极电势电积法200 A·m~(-2);其渣中铜砷比可达0.65∶1.00,远低于并联循环连续电积法的(1.8~2.8)∶1.0和控制阴极电势电积法的6.6∶1.0,减少了砷渣中铜的含量。     

铜电解电积脱铜生产高纯阴极铜的实践

大冶有色为了提高阴极铜质量,对电积脱铜系统的部分管道设备进行了改造,对工艺进行了优化。在"上进下出"的循环方式下,当添加剂(明胶)用量为100 g/t·Cu,电解液温度为64～65,电流密度为130～200 A/m~2,循环量为70L/min,电积脱铜后液Cu~(2+)浓度大于35 g/L时,电积脱铜生产的电积铜质量达到了高纯阴极铜标准(GB/T 467-2010)。     

旋流电积技术在碲电积工艺中的试验探究

旋流电积技术可以实现电解液的高速循环流动,具有电解液终点浓度要求低、直收率高、高电流密度、高电流效率、产品回收率高的特点。本文采用二氧化碲与氢氧化钠配制亚碲酸钠碱性溶液作为电解液,考察不同碲初始浓度、氢氧化钠浓度、循环流量及电流密度对旋流电积试验的影响,得到最佳旋流电积参数:电解液初始浓度100 g/L,氢氧化钠浓度100 g/L,循环流量300 L/h,电流密度100 A/m2。在使用不锈钢作为阴极,最优电积参数下电积6 h,阴极产品经草酸煮洗后可得到纯度为99.939%的碲,生产参数:电流效率96.12%,平均槽电压1.96 V,电能消耗1 713 k W·h/t。     

Cu(Ⅱ)-NH3-(NH4)2SO4-H2O体系浸出-电积生产铜的工艺研究

对氨法炼铜新工艺进行了探索性的研究,得到了NH3-(NH4)2SO4-H2O体系中浸出铜锌精矿焙砂及在氨性硫酸铜溶液中电积生成铜板的最佳工艺条件.在浸出时间2 h,氨水浓度3 mol/L,液固比6:1,温度40℃的条件下,铜的浸出率为65.39%;电积最佳条件为铜离子浓度30 g/L,电解液温度40℃,电流密度200A/m2,电流效率达到85.66%.     

低浓度溶液中金的旋流电积

针对低浓度含金溶液,研究了以旋流电积法一步电积金,考察了溶液浓度、电流密度、溶液pH等条件对Au3+电积析出的影响.结果表明:对于2 L碱性电解液,在金质量浓度5 mg/L、电流密度20 A/m2、电积时间2.0 h条件下,电积效果较好,金析出率达94.66％,溶液中Au3+质量浓度可降至0.267 mg/L,耗电量为6.72 kW·h.旋流电积法可用于从低浓度溶液中回收金.     

废触媒浸出液中铁镍合金的电沉积

以人造金刚石废触媒的硫酸浸出液为基础,采用L16(45)正交试验方案,在1 200 C恒定通电量下,进行直流静态电解沉积Fe-Ni合金,研究了各工艺参数对电沉积电流效率、镀层镍质量分数,以及Ni、Fe析出的分电流密度的影响规律,并以电流效率为主要指标优化得出最优工艺参数。结果表明,对电流效率影响因素由大到小的顺序为镀液pH>电流密度>温度>糖精钠浓度>硫脲浓度。最优工艺参数为平均电流密度500 A/m2、温度45 ℃、pH=3.55、糖精钠浓度3 g/L、硫脲浓度0.15 g/L。最优条件验证试验结果表明了正交试验结果的可靠性。     

NH_3-NH_4Cl-H_2O体系下电积锌的研究

在NH_3-NH_4Cl-H_2O体系下加入组合添加剂进行锌电积,考察极距、电流密度、电积时间和初始锌离子浓度对电流效率和阴极锌表面形貌的影响。结果表明,在极距3cm、电流密度400A/m~2、电积时间4h、初始锌离子浓度40g/L的较优条件下,锌电积电流效率超过95%,阴极锌表面致密平整。     

熔炼次数对M17返回料合金成分、组织和性能的影响

实验结果表明,M17铸造高温合金(%:0.16C、8.79Cr、5.79A1、4.93Ti、3.29Mo、15.20Co、0.78V、0.015B、0.073Zr、0.002S、0.001P、0.001 1O、0.001 0N)经25 kg真空感应炉返回重熔后,Si含量随重熔次数的增加而略有增加,合金中主要元素和其它杂质元素S、P、H的含量变化不大,而氧、氮略有增加;合金中初生碳化物由新合金中的草书体逐渐向返回合金块状转变,初生碳化物的遗传性堵塞合金凝固时的补缩通道,使返回料合金的疏松倾向增大,高温塑性下降较大。     

Shijiazhuang will Build the World's Biggest Replacingcopper-with-aluminum Cable Production Base

正Shijiazhuang City will build the world’s biggest replacing-copper-with-aluminum cable production base,the annual output value can reach 100 billion yuan,in the future it will develop replacing-copper-with-aluminum highend industry cluster.This piece of news was learned by the reporter at the Rare Earth highiron Aluminum Alloy[Nonferrous Business Opportunity:Aluminum alloy door]Cable Conductor New Technology Application Seminar held at the provincial capital.     

Chongqing is Preparing to Set Up Nonferrous Metal Exchange,in a Bid to Become the Transit Place of Kazakhstan Copper

正Since the beginning of Chongqing’s upgrading to a municipality directly under the Central Government,Chongqing City has established direct friendly relationship with Almaty,Kazakhstan,and carried out a series of cooperation in commerce and trade,and culture     

Guangxi Baise Extends Industrial Chain to Combat Loss in Aluminum Business

正"For each tonne of aluminum being produced,the upstream enterprise on the aluminum industrial chain will suffer loss about 2000yuan."Said Liang Xiao,Deputy Director of Pingguo Industrial Park Management Committee under the Guangxi Baise City,one of the four major aluminum industry bases in China,on August 11.Extending aluminum     

JOURNAL OF IRON AND STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL CONTENTS Volume 21(2014)

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Chinalco Straightened Out Copper Assets,and Delegated Stock Equity of Yunnan Copper

正Immediately after the news that Chinalco transferred 58%stock equity of Yunnan Copper Group to its wholly-owned subsidiary China Copper Corporation Limited free of charge was disclosed on July 9,many individual investors couldn’t help but to think:Does it mean China Copper Corporation Limited will assemble assets for overall listing?At present,among main copper business companies under China Copper Corporation     

The Development and Reform Commission Encourages Private Capital to Enter Geological Prospecting Field

正At the press conference recently held by the National Development and Reform Commission under the theme"Deepen Reform in Investment AuditApproval System",when answering questions from reporters,Huang Min,Director of the Department of Fixed Assets Investment of the National Development and Reform Commission,said that in the future it would continue to intensify efforts in geological prospecting,and actively guide social capital to enter this field.     

Guangxi's first Nickel Industry Development Research Report Was Released

正Recently,Guangxi Metallurgical Research Institute,a subsidiary of Guangxi Nonferrous Metals Group,completed survey on laterite and related manufacturers in the region,by combining the current development status of laterite both at home and abroad,it compiled Guangxi’s first"Research Report on the Development of Guangxi Nickel Industrial Chain"which adopted laterite as the study subject.This report expounded on the current     

China’s Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports(End of September. 2014)

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China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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