共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 548 毫秒
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非均匀校正是降低CMOS图像传感器固定模式噪声的有效方法。对面阵CMOS图像传感器的光响应特性测试表明其响应是非线性的。对非线性CMOS图像传感器分别进行两点校正、分段线性校正和多项式拟合校正。利用响应非均匀性(PRNU)作为校正效果的评价指标,对每种方法在整个光响应范围内的校正效果进行整体评估,对影响每种方法校正效果的因素进行总结。最后将每种方法中的最优处理情况选择出来,从PRNU指标、校正处理后的图像、参数获取时间、校正处理时间、校正参数存储空间等几个方面进行分析比较,最终判定二阶多项式拟合校正是最佳的处理方法。 相似文献
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CMOS图像传感器非均匀性实时校正算法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
讨论了两点校正法的原理和算法,并针对高速CMOS图像传感器LUPA300,以FPGA作为系统硬件载体设计了非均匀性校正系统,进行实时非均匀性校正.实验结果表明,该系统能够有效地实时校正图像传感器的非均匀性,输出图像质量较高. 相似文献
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根据科学级CMOS(sCMOS)图像传感器开发的工程实际需求,设计了基于FPGA的二阶多项式拟合的非均匀性校正算法.该非均匀性校正算法首先通过定标得出每个像素的响应曲线,然后采用最小二乘法将sCMOS像素响应曲线参考平均响应曲线进行拟合,得出校正系数并通过FPAG对像素值进行实时校正.通过处理后的图像非均匀性从17.1%降低到7.6%.该算法有效提高了sCMOS器件对高动态、非线性响应特性的适应能力,并具备实时计算校正优点,通过模块化设计可以方便移植和集成. 相似文献
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电荷耦合器件(CCD)作为一个将光学图像转换到电子学图像的传感器,其成像质量与辐射响应参数的性能直接相关。针对面阵CCD越来越广泛的应用,提出利用"辐射响应矩阵"的概念和评价方法,表述面阵CCD每个像元的辐射性能参数。分析该矩阵,明确矩阵各元素的物理意义,并将面阵CCD每个像元的绝对辐射响应度、响应非线性度、暗噪声、信噪比以及非均匀性的数学关系与其物理含义一一对应。对面阵CCD DALSA-FTF6080M进行辐射性能检测,并利用辐射响应矩阵计算出各像元的响应系数。以测试结果为例,讨论和描述该矩阵的应用结果。实验结果表明:使用辐射响应矩阵可以计算出面阵CCD非均匀性为3.1%,该CCD近似成线性响应,暗噪声为3.84。此方法实用,满足对面阵CCD的客观评价。 相似文献
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分析了图像传感器光电响应非均匀性的特点,根据图像传感器理想光电响应的特点提出了基于最小二乘法的图像传感器非均匀性的三步校正方法.首先在固定辐照度下,用最小二乘法校正各个光敏单元的非均匀性;其次利用不同辐照度下的响应值,应用最小二乘法拟合求得各个光敏单元的响应曲线和理想响应曲线;最后通过直线校正达到对各个光敏元件在不同辐照度下的非均匀性校正.实验结果表明该算法能够有效地校正图像传感器的非均匀性,且简单实用,便于工程实现. 相似文献
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由于探测单元之间响应不一致、电子增益和偏置发生变化、焦平面污染和损伤等因素,推扫式热红外成像光谱仪获取的图像常常表现为图像列之间不均匀,条带噪声严重,影响了热红外高光谱遥感图像的后续处理和应用。结合推扫式成像光谱仪非均匀性的来源和成因,以相邻地物的相关性为理论基础,提出了适用于热红外高光谱遥感图像的非均匀性校正方法。该方法的步骤是,首先逐波段对原始热红外高光谱遥感图像进行标准矩匹配校正,得到标准矩匹配校正图像;然后,以标准矩匹配校正图像为基础,选择相邻两列像元中相同的地物像元;最后,用两列中相同的地物像元,通过线性回归得到后一列的校正系数,并对其进行校正,顺次遍历一个波段的所有列,完成一个波段图像的非均匀性校正。按照此过程,遍历一幅热红外高光谱遥感图像的所有波段,完成一幅热红外高光谱遥感图像的非均匀性校正。将该方法应用于推扫式热红外光谱成像仪实际获取图像的非均匀性校正中。结果表明,相比矩匹配方法,在保证非均匀性校正效果的情况下,本文方法的各列均值和标准差更符合实际情况。 相似文献
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目前采用高分辨率全帧面阵CCD FTF5066M 作图像传感器的航拍相机帧频一般不超过1 fps,为了满足高帧频应用,文中首先介绍了全帧型面阵CCDFTF5066M 的基本驱动电路,并对其进行了改进,利用CCD 4个输出放大器进行同时输出,使最高帧频达到了3.4 fps,介绍了4 路输出时CCD驱动时序、前端处理电路、直流偏置电路、接口电路等的设计,改进后的驱动电路能满足多种航拍相机的应用要求。然后对全帧型面阵CCDFTF5066M 的非均匀性进行了分析,并建立了一种响应非均匀性检测系统。利用该系统分别对面阵CCD5066M 的4 个象限之间的非均匀性和每个像元之间的非均匀性进行了检测。在CCD 响应度为线性的基础上,提出了两点校正算法并对非均匀性进行校正。通过校正4 个象限响应灵敏度的标准偏差降低到原来的1/13。通过对鉴别率板的重新拍摄,可以看出面阵CCD 的非均匀性得到了明显的改善。 相似文献
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This tutorial explains how photo-response nonuniformity (PRNU) of imaging sensors can be used for a variety of important digital forensic tasks, such as device identification, device linking, recovery of processing history, and detection of digital forgeries. The PRNU is an intrinsic property of all digital imaging sensors due to slight variations among individual pixels in their ability to convert photons to electrons. Consequently, every sensor casts a weak noise-like pattern onto every image it takes. This pattern, which plays the role of a sensor fingerprint, is essentially an unintentional stochastic spread-spectrum watermark that survives processing, such as lossy compression or filtering. This tutorial explains how this fingerprint can be estimated from images taken by the camera and later detected in a given image to establish image origin and integrity. Various forensic tasks are formulated as a two-channel hypothesis testing problem approached using the generalized likelihood ratio test. The performance of the introduced forensic methods is briefly illustrated on examples to give the reader a sense of the performance. 相似文献
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Performance analysis of a color CMOS photogate image sensor 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The performance of a color CMOS photogate image sensor is reported. It is shown that by using two levels of correlated-double sampling it is possible to effectively cancel all fixed-pattern noise due to read-out circuit mismatch. Instead the fixed-pattern noise performance of the sensor is limited by dark current nonuniformity at low signal levels, and conversion gain nonuniformity at high signal levels. It is further shown that the imaging performance of the sensor is comparable to low-end CCD sensors but inferior to that reported for high-end CCD sensors due to low quantum efficiency, high dark current, and pixel cross-talk. As such the performance of CMOS sensors is limited at the device level rather than at the architectural level. If the imaging performance issues can be addressed at the fabrication process level without increasing cost or degrading transistor performance, CMOS has the potential to seriously challenge CCD as the solid-state imaging technology of choice due to low power dissipation and compatibility with camera system integration 相似文献
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CIS片上系统中伽玛校正的低功耗设计 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
为了实现CMOS图像传感器(CIS)片上系统(SoC)中伽玛(γ)校正的低功耗设计,同时又保证校正的精度,提出一种查找表和直线拟合相结合的γ校正技术。算法对灰度值较低的像素使用直接查找表方法校正,对于γ曲线上升缓慢部分的像素采用分段直线拟合的方法。在直线分段时,使用外层分段与内层分段相结合的方法,达到了分段优化的目的。算法保证了图像校正精度,与使用完全查找表法相比,误差在0.5 pixel之内。基于该方法设计了一个8 bit输入/8 bit输出的VLSI模块,通过FPGA对模块进行了验证,模块占用723个LE和195个LC寄存器,比完全查找表法减少了硬件资源耗费,实现了低功耗设计。系统最大工作频率可达148 MHz,完全满足实时处理的需求。 相似文献
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高帧频CMOS图像传感器具有集成度高、帧频高、功耗低、抗干扰抗辐照能力强等特性,在科学实验中应用广泛。为提高外同步触发瞬态成像模式下的成像性能,首先介绍了基于高帧频CIS(5T像素,超大快门)的瞬态成像系统构成及其工作模式;从像素结构出发,对该款CIS在不同工作模式下的成像性能进行了理论分析;搭建了基于EMVA1288的标准化测试平台,对瞬态工作模式下的多项关键性能指标进行了测试,并与稳态工作模式下的性能进行了对比。分析结果表明:与稳态工作模式相比,瞬态成像模式下图像传感器具有更大的暗本底和固定模式噪声,但传感器的时序噪声、光响应非均匀性优于稳态工作模式,具有更高的信噪比和动态范围,与理论分析基本吻合。测试分析结果可用于指导科学成像系统设计与性能优化。 相似文献
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X光机数字图像增强器是X射线成像系统中的重要一环,而目前常用的X光机数字图像增强器往往存在瑕疵点、信噪比过低等问题。针对噪声问题,提出了一种动态降噪算法,改善了运动环境下的降噪质量。同时,对存在瑕疵点的这一现象,提出了一种检测与校正的算法。最后在自行设计的X光机数字图像增强器样机上将以上两种算法成功实现。 相似文献
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CMOS active pixel image sensor 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A new CMOS active pixel image sensor is reported. The sensor uses a 2.0 μm double-poly, double-metal foundry CMOS process and is realized as a 128×128 array of 40 μm×40 μm pixels. The sensor features TTL compatible voltages, low noise and large dynamic range, and will be useful in machine vision and smart sensor applications 相似文献
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An image sensor is proposed in which the pixel adapts its integration time to motion and light. The integration time of each pixel is shortened if motion is detected in the pixel or pixel intensity becomes saturated. The adaptivity of motion and light significantly enhances temporal resolution and dynamic range of the sensor. Because the integration time differs pixel-by-pixel, a scene containing both a bright and a dark region will be captured by pixels of shorter and longer integration times. Because the integration time adapts to motion, higher temporal resolution is obtained in a moving area and a higher signal-to-noise ratio in a static area. The control of the integration time is done on the sensor focal plane, with column parallel processing circuits integrated in CMOS image sensor. A prototype of 32×32 pixels has been fabricated by using 1-poly 2-metal CMOS 1-μm process. The fundamental functions have been verified. By the experiments, it has been verified that the sensor can reduce motion blur by adapting the integration time to motion and achieve wide dynamic range by adapting to light when the minimum integration interval is 680 μs 相似文献