测量目标高度的双基地MIMO雷达虚拟阵元技术

提出了一种通过双基地多输入多输出雷达虚拟阵元技术进行目标高度测量的方法．该方法在接收端估计目标相对于发射阵列和接收阵列的角度,然后利用获得的角度进行目标高度测量．与传统的双基地雷达测高方法不同,该方法既不需要发射端和接收端之间的时间同步,也不需要在收发两端之间传输数据,从而简化了系统的配置．另外,在多目标情况下,该方法估计的角度能够自动配对,从而避免了目标模糊．     

基于状态空间法的多子阵超分辨测向技术

基于状态空间法,提出了一种稀疏多子阵场景下的超分辨测向技术．该技术利用多个物理阵列的接收数据．应用状态空间法在子阵间进行虚拟阵元内插,从而合成具有等效大孔径的雷达阵列,以提高测向分辨率．数值仿真结果表明,应用该技术使波束宽度远小于目标的角间距,能够很好地分辨并确定目标的方位角,从而验证了所提超分辨测向技术的有效性．     

基于CIES-CA的水声阵列多目标方位估计技术

为了使用较少阵元数的水声阵列实现多目标方位估计,本文针对基于子阵间距压缩的互质阵列进行研究分析。利用子空间分类算法与虚拟阵元法,在考虑阵列误差的情况下分析多目标方位估计性能。通过数值验证,在低信噪比、高阵列误差的情况下,基于子阵压缩的互质阵性能明显优于均匀直线阵与原型互质阵,且压缩倍数越大性能越高。     

MIMO雷达波达方向估计的性能分析

针对单基地多输入多输出雷达波达方向估计精度问题,推导了单目标情况下波达方向估计的克拉美罗界．结果表明波达方向估计精度取决于收发阵列的导向矢量以及发射信号的相关矩阵,当发射阵元间距为半波长时,多输入多输出雷达波达方向估计的克拉美罗界在大部分角度范围内优于相控阵雷达．多输入多输出雷达还能够通过增大发射阵元间距来得到更小的克拉美罗界,从而获得远优于相控阵雷达的波达方向估计性能．     

MIMO雷达最小冗余垂直阵列设计方法

针对MIMO雷达垂直阵列的稀疏优化问题,利用数学理论中差基和差集的性质,根据二者的线性组合选择阵元位置,提出了一种使收发阵元形成的虚拟阵列冗余度最小的设计方法．通过仿真验证了该方法的有效性．仿真结果表明,用该方法所得收发阵元形成的虚拟阵列的分辨率高于采用满阵的垂直阵列MIMO雷达以及传统面阵雷达;采用最小冗余垂直阵列的性能优于按满阵设计的垂直阵列．该设计方法所得阵列的性能优势有一定工程实用价值．     

基于稀疏阵列技术的MIMO声呐低运算量二维成像

为了降低多输入多输出(multiple-lnput multiple-output,MIMO)声呐二维成像系统的运算量,提出了稀疏阵列和MIMO声呐相结合的低运算量二维成像方法。在MIMO声呐的虚拟接收阵列为矩形平面阵的前提下,使用模拟退火算法(simulated annealing,SA)对该虚拟矩形平面阵的阵元位置和加权系数同时优化,在保持期望波束性能的前提下大量减少其虚拟阵元数目;根据虚拟接收阵元与匹配滤波器一一对应的关系,移除掉与关闭虚拟阵元所对应的匹配滤波器;对保留匹配滤波器的输出信号进行波束形成等处理,获得目标的二维强度图。计算机仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

非平稳噪声下相干信源MIMO雷达角度估计

为解决非平稳噪声、多径效应和相干电子干扰下多输入多输出雷达角度估计问题,提出了一种基于斜投影算子和Teoplitz矩阵重构的角度估计方法．通过Toeplitz重构把非平稳噪声转化为高斯白噪声,再用斜投影算子排除非相干信源,实现对相干信源的角度估计．该方法没有阵列孔径损失,可适用于任意阵列结构,且信源过载能力和阵元节省能力较强．最后通过仿真验证了该算法比多级维纳滤波器算法更适合于低信噪比的情况．     

分布式部分校正子阵MIMO雷达角度估计算法

针对子阵部分校正情况下的分布式子阵多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达角度估计问题,提出了一种基于秩亏(RARE)方法的角度估计算法.该算法通过利用分布式子阵MIMO雷达虚拟导向矢量的特殊结构,在构造RARE角度搜索函数时将未知子阵间校正信息排除在外,仅仅利用已知信息估计目标角度,实现了整个阵列的有效利用,进而提高了目标角度分辨率和定位精度.为了评估所提算法的性能,给出了对应的角度估计的克拉美罗界(CRB),仿真结果表明,该算法在子阵信息未知或部分已知的条件下性能有效.     

CDMA系统中智能天线阵列形式的研究

建立了适用于CDMA系统的自适应天线阵列的系统模型,采用LMS算法首先对阵列结构参数进行了研究,得出了ρ值的最佳范围.研究了由心脏型方向性阵元组成的圆阵和直线阵,发现由该阵元组成的圆阵并不能起到提高阵列增益的目的,由该阵元组成的直线阵在一定的区域内具有很高的增益,可以将这种阵列天线用于扇形小区.     

MIMO雷达三维成像方法研究

针对传统逆合成孔径雷达（ISAR）成像技术中存在的运动补偿难题,通过使用确定性阵列和单次快拍空间并行采样取代传统ISAR中非确定性阵列和长时间多脉冲采样,给出了一种基于多输入多输出雷达的双线阵宽带信号高分辨三维成像方法.由于采用了正交编码波形,使得距离维和方位维成像可独立进行,同时采用的垂直双线阵模式实际等效完成了平面阵列的采样功能,大大减少了阵元个数.仿真实验证实了该算法的有效性.     

MIMO双基地雷达多目标角度-多普勒频率联合估计

为了实现无同步双基地雷达多目标参数估计,建立了多输入多输出(MIMO)双基地雷达多目标信号处理模型,提出了一种多目标角度-多普勒频率联合估计算法.该算法首先对MIMO接收机输出的虚拟阵列多目标回波数据进行解相干处理,然后基于传播算子,构造特殊矩阵.通过特征参数与待测参数之间的对应关系,实现了多目标发射角、接收角和双基多普勒频率的联合估计.该算法不涉及多维非线性谱峰搜索,只需一次特征值分解,且估计出的参数可自动配对.仿真结果证明了所提算法的正确性和有效性.     

双基地MIMO雷达目标定位及互耦自校正算法

利用均匀线阵互耦矩阵的带状和对称Toeplitz特性,提出了一种基于旋转不变技术估计目标参数(ESPRIT)的双基地多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达目标定位及互耦自校正算法.该算法通过ESPRIT算法中子阵的选取,将目标二维方位角估计与互耦参数估计相"去耦",角度估计过程不需任何互耦矩阵信息,且估计精度高、分辨力强;基于对目标二维方位角的估计,算法还可以精确地估计出互耦矩阵,从而实现双基地MIMO雷达的互耦自校正.该算法对目标二维方位角与互耦矩阵的估计不涉及任何角度搜索和迭代过程,具有较小的运算量.计算机仿真结果证明了该算法的正确性和可行性。     

用于DOA估计的一种MIMO雷达最优阵列设计

鉴于MIMO雷达的频率分集作用使其具有更高分辨率和更大的自由度,从MIMO雷达信号模型出发,以DOA估计为目的,分析得出了MIMO雷达发射阵列阵元间距的最佳值.然后在给定阵元个数情况下,提出了一种基于拉格朗日乘数法的MIMO雷达天线设计方法.该方法根据多元函数最值理论得到了一组唯一的发射接收组合,给出了MIMO雷达阵列最优设计的解析解.最后通过仿真实验验证了该方法的正确性和有效性.     

2D Augmented Coprime Array Geometry Based on the Difference and Sum Coarray Concept

The concept of difference and sum (diff-sum) coarray has attracted a lot of attentions in the estimation of direction-of-arrival (DOA) for the past few years, due to its high degrees-of-freedom (DOFs). A vectorized conjugate augmented MUSIC (VCA-MUSIC) algorithm is applied to generate an equivalent signal model which contains the virtual sensor positions of both the difference and sum of the physical sensors in the two-dimensional (2D) arrays, by utilizing both the spatial and temporal information. Besides, an augmented 2D coprime array configuration is presented with the basis on the concept of difference and sum coarray. By compressing the inter-element spacing of one subarray and introducing the proper separation between the two subarrays of 2D coprime array, the redundancy between the difference coarray and the sum one can be reduced so that more virtual sensors in both coarrays can make contributions to the DOFs. As a result, a much larger consecutive area in the diff-sum coarray can be achieved, which can significantly increase the DOFs. Numerical simulations verify the superiority of the proposed array configuration.     

Transmit beampattern synthesis and waveform design for 2-D wideband MIMO radar

For matching the desired transmit beampattern of the two dimensional(2-D) wideband MIMO radar system, a new transmit beampattern synthesis and waveform design algorithm is proposed based on the frquency invariant beamforming. In this algorithm, to eliminate any dependency on frequency of the emiting waveform, the 2-D fourier relationship between uniform rectangular array(URA) transmit beampattern and spectrum of emiting waveform is used. Then the cost function of waveform matching frequency response is established, which imposes a constraint on constant modulus. Finally, the alternating matrix fitting method is used to design unimodular sequences. The proposed method effectively mitigates frequency dispersion of the 2-D wideband MIMO radar transmit beampattern. Numerical simulations have proved the validity of this algorithm.     

Study of game strategy between multiple targets and multistatics radars

Aiming at the conflict game between multistatic multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) radars and multiple targets,a joint technology of power allocation and beamforming for a multistatic MIMO radar system is studied.The main purpose of the multistatic radar system is to minimize the total transmit power under a certain signal to interference noise ratio(SINR) constraint,and to suppress the cross-channel interference to improve the accuracy of target detection.Based on the strategic non-cooperative game between radars,the existence and uniqueness of the Nash equilibrium solution are proved.Then,according to the theoretical analysis,a joint beamforming and power allocation algorithm is proposed and converges to the Nash equilibrium.Meanwhile,the receive beamformers of multistatic radars are obtained by using the linearly constrained minimum variance(LCMV) criterion to suppress the mutual radar interference.Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm has a better interference suppression ability and less power consumption than the related game algorithm.     

混合双基地雷达系统结构对方位估计性能的影响

建立了兼具传统相控阵雷达和多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达特点的混合双基地雷达系统结构,综合考虑传统相控阵的相干处理增益和MIMO雷达的空间分集增益对目标方位估计性能的影响．给出接收角(AOA)和发射角(AOD)估计的CRB,通过对不同结构下系统CRB的分析来判断估计性能的优劣．分析表明: 估计AOA时,接收端采用相控阵结构,发射端采用混合结构,可以提高估计性能;发射端采用相控阵结构而接收端采用尽可能多的接收阵列,可以获得较好的估计性能．在实际应用中,需要折中考虑不同结构中相干处理增益和空间分集增益对系统估计性能的影响．     

Design of the broadband microstrip array antenna for blast furnace surface monitoring

Aiming at the requirements of high-resolution imaging and high integration of the blast furnace radar,this paper presents a method for designing a wideband microstrip array antenna,which broadens the antenna bandwidth through the design of parasitic patches and air layers.By combining multi-input multi-output (MIMO) radar and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging principles,a linear MIMO array is designed,and a near-field simulation imaging experiment is performed on the simulated feed line through the wave number domain imaging algorithm.Simulation results show that the gain of the main lobe of the antenna can reach 14.05 dBi,the reflection coefficient is less than -10 dB,the absolute bandwidth is 5.25 GHz,the operating frequency is 20.67~25.92 GHz,and the range resolution is increased to 3 cm compared with the existing blast furnace radar.The average error of the azimuth direction of the simulated material line imaging is 0.008 m,and the range direction is 0.0011 m.Compared with the traditional microstrip array antenna,this antenna effectively widens the bandwidth,and the range resolution is higher than that of the traditional blast furnace radar.It can accurately obtain the shape information on the simulated material line,and has an engineering application value for blast furnace surface monitoring.