正交设计优化海燕总皂苷的微波提取工艺

探讨了微波功率、提取时间、溶剂浓度、料液比四种因素对微波辅助提取法提取海燕中总皂苷提取率的影响。并以正交设计实验优化提取工艺,以期建立海燕皂苷微波提取方法的最佳工艺条件。由实验结果可知:微波提取的优化条件为:微波功率600W,提取时间5min,溶剂为95%的乙醇,料液比1︰10。海燕总皂苷提取率为1.95%。     

桃叶中黄酮的提取及测定研究

探讨了桃树叶中黄酮的提取方法,研究了溶剂浸提温度、时间、固液比、乙醇浓度,超声波或微波辅助等对桃叶中黄酮提取效果的影响。研究结果表明:溶剂浸提中,影响因素依次为:料液比乙醇浓度浸提温度水浴时间;超声波辅助提取中则为乙醇浓度料液比浸提温度超声时间;微波提取中则又为微波时间微波功率料液比乙醇浓度。用70%乙醇作为浸提溶剂,料液比1∶25,温度控制在30℃,1次浸提40 min,桃叶黄酮提取率1.81%;采用超声波辅助提取,料液比为1∶30,浸提温度控制在50℃,提取30 min,用70%乙醇提取桃叶黄酮,提取率最高达3.98%;使用微波辅助提取时,料液比1∶30,微波功率控制在200 W,用60%乙醇提取30 s,则黄酮提取率3.92%。由此可见,纯粹用溶剂提取,提取率较低,不到2%,采用超声波或微波辅助提取,可达近4.0%。     

超声辅助提取柚皮黄酮及其抗氧化性的研究

本论文采用超声波辅助提取柚皮中黄酮类化合物。首先考察超声波的提取时间、乙醇浓度、料液比、提取温度、提取功率五个因素对黄酮类化合物提取率的影响。单因素实验表明,提取时间和提取温度对黄酮类化合物提取率的影响不大,超声波辅助提取柚皮中黄酮的优化工艺条件为:料液比1∶15,乙醇的体积分数为60%,提取功率175 W,与传统工艺相比,超声法有较高提取率。Fenton法表明柚皮中的黄酮具有较强的抗氧化作用。     

地椒多糖提取工艺研究

主要采用超声波法从地椒中提取多糖,用苯酚-硫酸法测定其含量。通过单因素和正交实验,研究超声波提取时间、料液比、超声功率、超声提取温度四个单因素对地椒多糖提取率的影响,结果表明,影响地椒多糖提取率因素的顺序为:液料比超声提取时间超声提取温度。最终确定超声波法提取地椒中多糖的最佳工艺条件为:超声波提取时间55min、地椒粉1g,乙醇40mL,提取温度45℃,超声功率150 W,在此条件下地椒多糖的提取率为4.13%。     

香薷黄酮的超声波辅助提取

以脱脂后的香薷油粕为原料,采用超声波辅助提取法提取香薷中的黄酮,分光光度法测定黄酮含量。分析溶剂浓度、料液比、提取时间、提取温度等因素对黄酮提取率的影响,采用正交实验优化提取条件。结果表明,香薷黄酮提取率的影响因素大小顺序为:料液比超声时间乙醇体积分数超声温度;最佳条件为:乙醇体积分数60%,料液比1∶30 g/mL,温度60℃,提取时间30 min;在此条件下黄酮的提取率为4.17%。     

超声波—乙醇法提取油茶饼粕中茶皂素的工艺研究

以油茶饼粕为材料,通过单因素实验寻找提取茶皂素的最优工艺条件,研究浸提温度,浸提时间,料液比,乙醇浓度,超声波功率,超声时间,pH等因素对油茶饼粕中茶皂素提取的影响,再利用正交试验法进行工艺的优化,通过正交实验表明:以85%的乙醇为溶剂,浸提取温度80℃,料液比1:20(g:mL),浸提取时间为60 min,超声波功率100 W,超声时间25 min,pH 7.2的工艺条件下,油茶饼粕中茶皂素的提取率可达到7.92%。     

瓦松总三萜皂苷微波提取工艺研究

以提取率为考查指标,应用微波法提取瓦松总三萜皂苷。据单因素实验设计正交实验优化最佳提取工艺条件。各因素对提取效果的影响大小为:提取功率乙醇浓度提取时间液料比。最佳工艺条件:乙醇浓度75%,提取时间10min,提取功率800W,液料比30 m L/g。在此工艺条件下,瓦松总三萜皂苷提取率为6.93%。     

超声波辅助提取黑米色素工艺研究

采用超声波辅助法从黑米粉末中提取黑米色素.通过单因素实验考查了提取温度、提取时间、料液比、超声波功率对色素提取率的影响.在单因素试验基础上,结合正交试验优化提取工艺.实验数据分析得出:提取温度为35℃,提取时间为35 min,料液比为1:6 g/mL,超声波功率为70 W时,黑米色素的提取率最高.     

红旱莲总黄酮的超声波提取工艺研究

通过单因素试验和正交试验,研究乙醇浓度、料液比、超声时间、超声温度对红旱莲总黄酮提取率的影响。结果表明:影响红旱莲总黄酮提取率因素的主次关系是料液比>乙醇浓度>超声温度>超声时间,最佳工艺条件为乙醇浓度90%、料液比1∶20、超声时间35min、超声温度70℃。通过与传统醇提法相比,超声波法提取时间缩短了3/4,而总黄酮提取量提高了30%。     

不同方法提取枇杷仁油的对比研究

以枇杷仁为原料,对两种提取枇杷仁油的工艺和效果进行比较。通过正交试验得到溶剂法提取枇杷仁油的最佳工艺条件为:溶剂选用石油醚,料液比1︰8(g︰m L),提取时间2 h,提取温度80℃,枇杷仁油提取率为10.3%;超声波辅助法提取枇杷仁油的最佳工艺条件为:溶剂选用石油醚,料液比1︰5(g︰m L),超声温度60℃,超声时间25 min,超声功率180 W,枇杷仁油提取率为12.9%。结果表明,超声波辅助法提取的枇杷仁油得率比溶剂法高,并且超声波辅助法比溶剂法提取的时间短、温度要低,是一种短时高效的提取方法。     

Extraction optimization of oleanolic and ursolic acids from pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) flowers

An ecofriendly ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) technique was developed for rapid extraction of bioactive compounds oleanolic and ursolic acids from pomegranate flowers. Several different influential extraction parameters, such as ultrasonic power, extraction time, solvent type, aqueous ethanol concentration, loading ratio and extraction temperature, were investigated. The optimum extraction conditions were 90% ethanol solution as solvent, ultrasound power 150 W, the liquid:material ratio of 20:1 (v/w) and extraction for 50 min at 40 °C. Scanning electron microscopy showed that ultrasonic treatment resulted in a number of pits on cells of pomegranate flowers. Extracts obtained from 30 min of UAE showed higher antioxidant activity than those of other conventional methods. The UAE method was more efficient than classical methods included maceration, stirring extraction and heat reflux extraction.     

加勒比松树皮中原花青素的提取工艺研究

系统研究了以加勒比松树皮为原料提取原花青素的方法及工艺条件。研究对比了常规溶剂浸提、超声波提取及微波辅助提取等方法对原花青素提取得率的影响。实验结果表明,溶剂浸提采用 70% 乙醇溶液时原花青素的得率最高。在3种提取方法中,超声波提取法和微波辅助提取法提取效果较优。前者能在短时间内取得较高的提取得率,而后者需进一步延长微波辅助作用后溶剂浸提的时间才能达到较好的提取效果。超声波提取法的适宜提取条件为: 提取温度 50℃,功率 100 W,料液比1:11,提取时间 1.5 h;微波辅助提取法的适宜提取条件为: 功率 200 W,微波处理时间 30 s,料液比1:11,提取温度 50℃,提取时间 6 h。在上述条件下原花青素得率分别为 7.47% 和 7.69%。     

Study on the microwave-assisted extraction of polyphenols from tea

This study demonstrated a promising method for quickly extracting tea polyphenol (TP) by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) technology. Some influential parameters, including MAE temperature, microwave power, concentration of extraction solvent, MAE time and the solid/liquid ratio, were investigated. The optimum condition of MAE was obtained by dual extraction with 60% ethanol (v/v) and the solid/liquid ratio 1:12 g/mL at 80°C for 10 minutes under the microwave power 600W. The yield of TP was 96.5% under the described condition. Compared with traditional methods, including hot reflux extraction (HRE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), the extraction time was saved 8 times than that of HRE, and the yield was increased by 17.5%. The extraction time at comparable levels of production was saved 2 times, and the energy consumption was one fourth that of UAE. The extraction time was saved 5 times than that of SFE, and the yield of TP was increased by 40%. Moreover, compared with MAE of TP studied by others, it decreased the solid/liquid ratio from 1: 20 to 1: 12 g/mL without 90-min pre-leaching time, and the yield of TP was increased by 6%–40%.     

Study on the microwave-assisted extraction of polyphenols from tea

This study demonstrated a promising method for quickly extracting tea polyphenol (TP) by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) technology. Some influential parameters, including MAE temperature, microwave power, concentration of extraction solvent, MAE time and the solid/liquid ratio, were investigated. The optimum condition of MAE was obtained by dual extraction with 60% ethanol (v/v) and the solid/liquid ratio 1:12 g/mL at 80°C for 10 minutes under the microwave power 600 W. The yield of TP was 96.5% under the described condition. Compared with traditional methods, including hot reflux extraction (HRE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), the extraction time was saved 8 times than that of HRE, and the yield was increased by 17.5%. The extraction time at comparable levels of production was saved 2 times, and the energy consumption was one fourth that of UAE. The extraction time was saved 5 times than that of SFE, and the yield of TP was increased by 40%. Moreover, compared with MAE of TP studied by others, it decreased the solid/liquid ratio from 1 ∶ 20 to 1 ∶ 12 g/mL without 90-min pre-leaching time, and the yield of TP was increased by 6%–40%.     

超声波辅助提取石榴皮中熊果酸工艺研究

以石榴皮为原料,以熊果酸得率为指标,采用超声波辅助提取了石榴皮中熊果酸。分别研究了提取剂乙醇浓度、料液比、超声时间、超声温度对熊果酸提取的影响,通过正交试验优化了提取工艺。结果表明,熊果酸提取的最佳工艺条件是:乙醇体积分数50%、固液比1∶20、超声时间30 min、超声温度60℃,在最佳条件下,熊果酸得率可达1.1142%。     

超声波辅助提取枇杷叶中齐墩果酸工艺研究

以枇杷叶为原料,以齐墩果酸得率为指标,采用超声波辅助提取了枇杷叶中齐墩果酸.分别研究了乙醇浓度、料液比、超声时间、超声温度对齐墩果酸提取率的影响,通过正交实验优化了提取工艺.结果表明,齐墩果酸提取的最佳工艺条件是:乙醇浓度80%、料液比1:14、超声时间30min、超声温度60℃,在最佳条件下,齐墩果酸得率可达0.37...     

超声波辅助混合溶剂提取蚕沙中叶绿素的工艺研究

以石油醚-丙酮混合溶剂为提取剂,采用超声波辅助法提取蚕沙中叶绿素,以叶绿素提取率为目标,对超声时间、超声温度、超声功率、固液比、助剂(丙酮)含量和提取次数进行优选研究。结果表明,最佳提取工艺为提取次数4次,助剂(丙酮)含量20%,固液比1∶4(g/mL),超声时间50 min,超声功率90 W,超声温度45℃。在此优化条件下,蚕沙中叶绿素提取率为90.6%。     

超声场辅助生物酶法提取苦楝素的研究

采用超声场辅助生物酶法提取苦楝素,研究了生物酶浓度、超声场频率、酶解时间、超声场功率、酶解液pH值、提取温度、液固比对苦楝素提取率的影响。获得的优化条件为:生物酶浓度0.1 mg/mL,酶解时间2 h,超声场频率40 kHz,功率120 W,酶解液pH值5.0,提取温度40℃,液固比25 mL/g。优化条件下,苦楝素的提取率达3.363%。     

蒲公英糖蛋白的含量测定及两种提取工艺优化

采用单因子试验和L9(34)正交试验设计,比较了热水浸提、超声波辅助热水浸提中料液比、提取时间、提取温度、盐浓度和超声波功率对蒲公英糖蛋白提取率的影响。热水浸提蒲公英糖蛋白的最佳工艺参数为:料液比1∶25、温度80℃,浸提时间3 h、盐浓度0.1 mol/L。超声波辅助提取的最佳工艺参数为:料液比1∶15、功率120 W、时间15 min、盐浓度0.1 mol/L。两种方法相比,超声波辅助法所需时间更短,但糖蛋白提取率较热水浸提低,在实际应用时需要综合考虑。