基于ADRC的液压支护机器人自适应控制

为促进深层围岩液压支架自动化控制的研究,提出了一种基于ADRC的自适应控制系统。首先,通过液压支架支护系统的拉格朗日动力学分析,建立了液压支架动力学模型。针对该模型的动力耦合和时变特性设计了ADRC控制器,并对跟踪微分器、扩张观测器和非线性误差反馈3部分进行了离散化、分离式的参数整定。最终以MATLAB / Simulink为平台,对液压支架模型和控制系统进行了联合仿真实现,并设计了ADRC与PID控制的对比实验。仿真实验结果表明,该ADRC控制器与PID控制器相比具有更好的控制效果和运动品质。     

中储式磨煤机制粉系统的自抗扰控制

中储式磨煤机制粉系统是典型的三入三出系统。其具有强耦合。非线性。大惯性的特点。常规的PID很难满足其控制要求。自抗扰控制器是利用非线性控制理论而设计的新型控制器,能实现对被控对象的良好控制。本文利用了自抗扰控制器,设计了基于自抗扰技术的磨媒机制粉系统。仿真结果表明。自抗扰控制器有很强的抗干扰能力和鲁棒性,有很好的使用价值和应用前景。     

Design PID controllers for desired time-domain or frequency-domain response

Practical requirements on the design of control systems, especially process control systems, are usually specified in terms of time-domain response, such as overshoot and rise time, or frequency-domain response, such as resonance peak and stability margin. Although numerous methods have been developed for the design of the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, little work has been done in relation to the quantitative time-domain and frequency-domain responses. In this paper, we study the following problem: Given a nominal stable process with time delay, we design a suboptimal PID controller to achieve the required time-domain response or frequency-domain response for the nominal system or the uncertain system. An H(infinity) PID controller is developed based on optimal control theory and the parameters are derived analytically. Its properties are investigated and compared with that of two developed suboptimal controllers: an H2 PID controller and a Maclaurin PID controller. It is shown that all three controllers can provide the quantitative time-domain and frequency-domain responses.     

基于极点配置的直线伺服系统自校正PID控制

采用基于极点配置的自校正PID控制算法,实现针对直线伺服系统的控制设计与仿真。首先确定了系统的ARX模型结构,引入带遗忘因子的递推最小二乘法在线估计模型参数,根据参数估计结果以及期望的系统闭环特征多项式,再通过极点配置的方法来整定增量式PID控制器的输出;整定过程中引入了普通增量式PID控制器形成变结构控制器,以避免系统初始阶段由于数据量不足所带来的影响。利用Matlab实现了所提出算法的设计与仿真。仿真结果表明,自校正PID控制能够实时估计被控对象的参数,适应被控系统的变化,具有较强的参数估计与自校正能力。     

Nonlinear adaptive robust backstepping force control of hydraulic load simulator: Theory and experiments

High performance robust force control of hydraulic load simulator with constant but unknown hydraulic parameters is considered. In contrast to the linear control based on hydraulic linearization equations, hydraulic inherent nonlinear properties and uncertainties make the conventional feedback proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control not yield to high performance requirements. Furthermore, the hydraulic system may be subjected to non-smooth and discontinuous nonlinearities due to the directional change of valve opening. In this paper, based on a nonlinear system model of hydraulic load simulator, a discontinuous projection-based nonlinear adaptive robust back-stepping controller is developed with servo valve dynamics. The proposed controller constructs a novel stable adaptive controller and adaptation laws with additional pressure dynamic related unknown parameters, which can compensate for the system nonlinearities and uncertain parameters, meanwhile a well-designed robust controller is also synthesized to dominate the model uncertainties coming from both parametric uncertainties and uncertain nonlinearities including unmodeled and ignored system dynamics. The controller theoretically guarantee a prescribed transient performance and final tracking accuracy in presence of both parametric uncertainties and uncertain nonlinearities; while achieving asymptotic output tracking in the absence of unstructured uncertainties. The implementation issues are also discussed for controller simplification. Some comparative results are obtained to verify the high-performance nature of the proposed controller.     

基于卷筒转角差的双卷扬控制系统的研究与改进

针对某大型履带式起重机双卷扬系统在起吊重物过程中出现的同步误差无法校正的问题,利用仿真工具研究了以两卷筒转角差作为反馈信号的主从式PID控制策略的控制性能,分析了其不同步的原因;并在此基础上提出了以吊钩倾角作为反馈信号的改进策略,从理论和仿真角度对其控制效果进行了验证,最后提出了实际常用PID控制器的参数确定方法,节约了调试参数的时间。研究发现:以两卷筒转角差作为反馈信号的主从式PID控制策略无法消除双卷扬系统中某些参数不一致导致的同步误差增大的问题,而以吊钩倾角作为反馈信号则可以有效地保证双卷扬系统最终的稳态误差为零,且提出的PI参数确定方法可以保证系统的稳定性。     

一种基于BP神经网络的模糊PID控制算法研究

提出了一种基于神经网络自学习和并行处理的能力。利用模糊控制对未知模型不精确控制的功能来设计的PID控制算法,仿真实例表明能较好地实现PID控制器参数在线调整和优化。     

Design and robust tuning of control scheme based on the PD controller plus Disturbance Observer and low-order integrating first-order plus dead-time model

This paper presents an effective design and robust tuning method for the control structure based on a series PD controller and a simple Disturbance Observer. All elements of the proposed controller are directly obtained from the low-order Integrating First-Order Plus Dead-Time (IFOPDT) model, used to approximate essential dynamic characteristics of lag-dominant stable, integrating and unstable plants. The structure of the proposed controller is an effective, easy to implement and tune, extension of the series PID controller. For the same robustness, a better disturbance rejection response is obtained by the proposed controller than that of the PID, by adjusting only two parameters with a clear meaning. A comparison with well-tuned PIDs, done by simulations, and the experimental results, obtained on a real thermal power plant, confirm that high performance and robustness are obtained, for dynamic characteristics common to industrial processes.     

Adaptive fuzzy prescribed performance control for MIMO nonlinear systems with unknown control direction and unknown dead-zone inputs

In this study, an adaptive fuzzy prescribed performance control approach is developed for a class of uncertain multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) nonlinear systems with unknown control direction and unknown dead-zone inputs. The properties of symmetric matrix are exploited to design adaptive fuzzy prescribed performance controller, and a Nussbaum-type function is incorporated in the controller to estimate the unknown control direction. This method has two prominent advantages: it does not require the priori knowledge of control direction and only three parameters need to be updated on-line for this MIMO systems. It is proved that all the signals in the resulting closed-loop system are bounded and that the tracking errors converge to a small residual set with the prescribed performance bounds. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated by simulation results.     

电驱动海洋绞车主动升沉补偿自抗扰控制系统

针对电驱动海洋绞车主动升沉补偿系统非线性时变的特点,提出了基于自抗扰控制（ADRC）的电驱动海洋绞车主动升沉补偿控制系统。首先对电驱动海洋绞车系统进行动力学分析,然后建立电驱动海洋绞车数学模型,进而建立主动升沉补偿自抗扰控制系统的仿真模型,并进行仿真分析。在不同海况、不同下放深度、不同缆绳直径和不同重物质量等情况下对该系统进行仿真,并与PID控制器进行比较,结果表明：当海况和电驱动海洋绞车控制系统模型参数发生变化时,控制器参数保持不变的情况下,自抗扰控制器仍然能保持良好的动态性能,比PID控制器具有更快的响应速度、更强的鲁棒性和抗干扰能力。