核—壳型聚合物乳液对卤化银感光材料干燥性能的影响

提出了使用核—壳型聚合物乳液改善胶片冲洗加工干燥性能的方法，设计了表征、判断胶片冲洗加工干燥性能的测试方法，并对核—壳型聚合物乳液的作用机理进行了有益的探讨。     

丙烯酸酯-苯胺核壳共聚乳液的制备及其防腐蚀性能

为了提高聚苯胺乳液的成膜性、附着力和防腐蚀性能,以丙烯酸酯乳胶粒子为种子,采用核壳乳液聚合法制备丙烯酸酯-苯胺核壳共聚乳液,直接将其涂刷在Q235钢表面成膜。分析了核壳共聚机理,用红外光谱(FTIR)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对共聚物的结构及形貌进行了表征;通过接触角、吸水率、附着力、Tafel曲线及电化学阻抗谱测试研究了苯胺用量对涂层疏水性、附着力和防腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:制备的核壳共聚乳液乳胶粒子具有明显的核壳结构;当苯胺用量为1.00%时,核壳共聚乳液涂层的水接触角为81.2°,附着力为1级,腐蚀电流密度仅为10-8.0A/cm2,电化学阻抗值达到了105Ω,具有良好的防腐蚀性能。     

基于超分子概念的乳化剂对硅丙核壳乳液聚合行为的影响

以八甲基环四硅氧烷(D4)、LD-10为成核单体,NQ-71为交联剂,SDS、SDBS、OP-10为乳化剂,采用种子乳液半连续法合成聚有机硅/丙烯酸酯核壳结构复合乳液.首次将核壳乳液合成与超分子化学的概念结合,讨论了乳化剂种类、复配比例及质量浓度对聚有机硅/丙烯酸酯核壳乳液性能及复合粒子的粒径分布和形态的影响.结果表明:在核壳型硅丙乳液的合成中引入超分子化学概念,对乳化剂的选择民、复配及质量浓度的确定具有重要的理论指导意义,为核壳乳液的合成提出了新的思考途径.     

防水型聚合物乳液的合成及其在织物整理应用

采用乳液聚合法合成得到了4种防水型聚合物乳液,利用红外、透射电镜、动态光散射和凝胶色谱对其结构和聚合物乳液特性进行了分析和表征。利用防水型聚合物乳液整理后的织物,通过接触角测定和耐水性测试对其进行了性能的对比测试分析,研究结果表明:乳液具有核壳结构及粒径和分子量分布均一,有机氟和乙烯基硅油改性的丙烯酸聚合物乳液具有较好的耐水性能。     

微乳液法制备核-壳及空心结构纳米材料的研究进展

核-壳结构及空心结构纳米材料以其独特的物理化学性能而备受关注.介绍了微乳液法制备核-壳结约纳米材料的原理,综述了当前微乳液法制备核-壳及空心结构纳米材料的研究进展,并概述了该类材料的表征技术.     

有机硅-丙烯酸酯共聚复合乳液的结构、形态及性能

利用红外光谱及扫描电镜对合成的有机硅氧烷-丙烯酸酯共聚复合乳液的化学结构、粒子形态进行了研究。结果表明,所合成的有机硅-丙烯酸酯复合乳液为一具有核壳形态结构的新型乳胶液,其核／壳问存在化学键合。通过与纯丙乳液和硅-丙共聚复合乳液薄膜性能分析与比较,发现有机硅-丙烯酸酯共聚复合胶乳膜在耐热老化性、耐水性及力学性能上有显著提高。     

333水性核壳结构型含氟丙烯酸酯乳液的合成及性能

采用半连续种子乳液聚合方法,在十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)/辛基苯基聚氧乙烯醚(OP-10)复合乳化剂的作用下,合成了以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MM A)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)和甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯(A ctyflon-G 04)为原料的水性核壳型结构的含氟丙烯酸酯聚合物乳液。并利用FT-IR、SEM-EDX、TEM、DSC等手段研究了乳液的稳定性、乳胶粒子的结构和形态,分析了氟单体含量和复合乳化剂含量对聚合物乳液性能及成膜性能的影响。     

水性氟碳涂料的制备及其性能

核壳型氟代聚丙烯酸酯乳液、丙烯酸树脂、纳米粒子构成的氟碳涂料所得涂层具有优良的自清洁性能,过去对其研究不够。以过硫酸铵为引发剂,阴/非离子表面活性剂为复合乳化剂,采用半连续种子乳液共聚法,将丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、苯乙烯(ST)及γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MPMS)与甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯(DFMA)于水相中制备了一种核壳型含氟硅聚丙烯酸酯乳液,与丙烯酸树脂、纳米TiO2等制备了氟碳涂料。利用红外光谱(IR)和透射电镜(TEM)对乳液主组分结构、乳胶粒形貌及粒径大小进行了表征和分析,考察了固化温度、乳液用量对涂层性能的影响。结果表明:合成乳液的乳胶粒呈规则球状,具有核壳结构,平均粒径约为100 nm;当乳液用量为45 g、固化温度为160℃时,所得涂层性能最佳,与水的接触角达133°,具有较好的自清洁性。     

纳米二氧化硅/聚丙烯酸酯复合双重固化乳液的结构与性能

采用核壳乳液聚合法制得了纳米二氧化硅/聚丙烯酸酯复合双重固化乳液。系统研究了纳米二氧化硅的加入对紫外光-热双重固化乳液的固化速率、乳液性能及乳液涂层性能的影响,并对复合乳液的核壳结构进行了表征。实验结果表明,合成的复合双重固化乳液具有核壳结构,复合粒子的平均粒径在200nm左右。当乳液中硅溶胶的含量为5%时,乳液及其涂膜的性能最佳,此时乳液的涂膜硬度达到4H,附着力0级,耐乙醇擦拭234次不破膜,且硅溶胶的引入有助于提高乳液涂膜的耐热性能。     

PS／P（BA－BOA）核壳乳液的研究

以丁氧基甲基丙烯酰胺（ＢＯＡ）为活性单体，采用种子乳液聚合法制备了ＰＳ／Ｐ（ＢＡ－ＢＯＡ）核壳型复合乳液，用透射电子显微镜观察了乳液粒子的微观形态，探讨了聚合方式等对微观结构的影响，对乳液的稳定性以及乳液膜的力学性能进行了测试，考察了聚合方式对乳液性能的影响。     

聚醚、氨基改性有机硅乳液的研制

采用乳液聚合合成聚醚、氨基改性有机硅乳液,讨论了乳化剂、催化剂、改性剂用量及反应温度、反应时间对乳液聚合的影响;采用水相和逆相乳化法制得有机硅微乳液,并讨论了乳液的性能。     

单分散热稳定有机/无机杂化修饰苯乙烯微球的制备及形成机理

采用乳液聚合法,通过乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷(KH151)共聚修饰,制备系列有机/无机杂化聚苯乙烯复合微球。使用激光散射和TEM分别对微球的粒径分布和形貌进行表征,并研究了合成工艺条件对有机/无机杂化修饰微球的颗粒分散性及形貌的影响。结果表明,通过控制乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷(KH151)共聚修饰剂的加入过程,可制得粒径分散均一、表面光滑的杂化修饰微球。使用FT-IR、NRM、TGA和DSC对微球的结构和性能进行表征,显示微球表面富含羟基功能基团,热稳定性较好,并分析了有机/无机杂化修饰苯乙烯微球的形成和热稳定性增强的机理。     

含氟硅聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯复合乳液的合成

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸(IPDI)、聚丙二醇(PPG)、端羟丙基硅氧烷(PDMS)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)及1,4-丁二醇(BDO)为主要原料,采用溶液聚合法合成有机硅改性水性聚氨酯(SiPU)。以SiPU为种子乳液,并作为复合乳液的壳层,加入核层单体丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)及甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯(DFMA),通过乳液聚合得到氟硅改性聚氨酯-聚丙烯酸酯(FSiPUA)复合乳液。考察了PDMS及DFMA用量对乳液聚合过程及乳胶膜表面疏水性能的影响。采用FT-IR、CA、TEM、DSC及TG等表征复合乳液涂膜结构与性能。结果表明,FSiPUA复合乳液呈现核壳结构,在PDMS和DFMA的协同作用下,当PDMS和DFMA用量分别为m(PDMS)/m(PU)=5.5/100和m(DFMA)/m(AA)=15/100时,涂膜的表面自由能低至21.67 mN/m,对去离子水接触角达102.3°,涂膜耐热性有一定提高。     

相互缠结的PMMA/SPS复合水基微乳液的研究Ⅱ.体系反应前后的粒度分布及形态表征

将聚苯乙烯磺化制成聚苯乙烯离聚体（SPS），利用相反转技术，将磺化聚苯乙烯离聚体制成具有纳米级稳定的水基微乳液，利用SPS微粒核为反应场所，引发另一单体MMA聚合，制备具有相互缠结结构的PMMA／SPS复合水基微乳液。通过粒度分布仪、透射电镜等分析仪器对体系反应前后粒径形态、大小变化进行了探讨；用DSC仪器分析了复合材料的玻璃化转变，发现体系具有良好的相容性。     

可熔融丙烯腈共聚物的组成及流变性与热性能

分别采用水相沉淀聚合法和乳液聚合法制备了丙烯腈-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物（AN/MA,投料比为85/15（物质的量比））,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、元素分析（EA）、乌氏黏度计、高级扩展流变仪（TA）、差示扫描量热仪（DSC）、热重分析仪（TG）对共聚物的组成、流变行为和热性能进行了研究。结果表明,水相沉淀聚合法和...     

聚氨酯/聚丙烯酸酯复合乳液胶束的粒径及形态

以水性聚氨酯PU为种子,加入丙烯酸酯单体进行无皂乳液聚合,合成了聚氨酯/聚丙烯酸酯(PUA)复合乳液.动态激光光散射的测试结果表明,PU分散液和PUA复合乳液的粒径大小,与聚氨酯制备过程中的亲水性扩链剂的用量有密切关系.当扩链剂用量为7.5%时, PU/PA配比对PUA复合乳液粒子的粒径大小及分布影响不大,但是PUA复合乳液的平均粒径比纯PU乳液的粒子粒径显著增大,说明形成了核壳结构.并用透射电镜进行了证实.     

Emulsion Spray-Drying for the Preparation of Albumin-Loaded PLGA Microspheres

The purpose of this work was to study the encapsulation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) microspheres using an emulsion/spray-drying method. Albumin was dissolved in an aqueous phase (w) in the presence of surfactant and emulsified in an organic phase containing the polymer (o). To stabilize the emulsion, different types of surfactant (Pluronic® F68, Pluronic F127, sodium oleate, dioctylsulfosuccinate) were added to the aqueous phase. The w/o emulsion was spray-dried to obtain BSA-loaded PLGA microspheres. The effect of type of surfactant on microsphere characteristics was evaluated. The microspheres were characterized for their morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and granulometric analysis; drug content determination and in vitro dissolution tests were performed. Results showed that the emulsion/spray-drying method is suitable for obtaining small microparticles (2-5 μm) characterized by high drug payloads (70%-80% encapsulation efficiency). The type of surfactant affects the microsphere shape and BSA release behavior.     

水包油(O/W)型乳液静电纺丝

将不同质量的聚氧乙烯(PEO)加入到由乳液聚合而得到的均匀的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)/水乳液中,制备了稳定、质量分数分别为10%、15%、20%的PEO/乳液,并将其作为纺丝液进行静电纺丝。通过纳米粒径分析仪、粘度计、溶液电导率测试仪分析了纺丝液的性质;应用电子显微镜(SEM)分析了纺丝液浓度、纺丝电压、丝液流速对纤维形貌的影响。结果表明,采用乳液静电纺丝法可以制备具有芯-鞘结构的纳米颗粒及纳米纤维。     

Study on high performance ice slurry formed by cooling emulsion in ice storage (discussion on adaptability of emulsion to thermal storage material)

This study focuses on an emulsion as a new thermal storage material for ice storage. Two types of emulsions were formed using an oil–water mixture with a small amount of additive. A silicone, light and lump oils were used. The water contents of the emulsions were 70, 80 and 90%. The additive was an amino group modified silicone oil. No depression of freezing point was observed for the emulsions because of their hydrophobic properties. In order to determine the structure of the emulsions, their electrical resistances were measured. Moreover, components of the liquids separating from the emulsions were analyzed. The results indicated that one emulsion was a W/O type emulsion, while the other was an O/W type. Finally, adaptability of the two emulsions to ice storage was discussed, it was concluded that a high performance ice slurry could be formed by the W/O type emulsion.     

Formulation, characterization and treatment of metalworking oil-in-water emulsions

The performance of colloidal dispersion systems such as emulsions and suspensions depends greatly on their formulation. A proper characterization of the system oil–water–surfactant for emulsions used in metalworking operations may extend emulsion life and lower process costs. The behavior of an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion formulated in our laboratory is described in this study. The base oil was selected from a list of mineral, synthetic, animal and vegetable oils according to their tribological properties. Three different surfactants (anionic, cationic and non-ionic) were used to stabilize the emulsion for subsequent O/W emulsion formulation. The effect of concentration of the three emulsifiers on the interfacial properties and emulsion stability is reported. It has been found that the type and concentration of emulsifier are key parameters with respect to O/W emulsion performance. Elastohydrodynamic film thickness measurements and extreme pressure tests were also conducted in order to determine how the O/W emulsion formulation affects its lubricating properties. The disposal of waste O/W emulsions has increasingly become an expensive challenge to industry and their treatment is described in this work using several techniques, such as coagulation, centrifugation, ultrafiltration and vacuum evaporation.