平流隔油-混凝气浮-焦炭过滤工艺处理渣油罐区含油废水

介绍了采用平流隔油-混凝气浮-焦炭过滤工艺处理渣油罐区含油废水的工程情况，经该工艺处理后的废水达到国家一级排放标准。该工艺具有效果好，运行稳定，回收的油直接回用等特点，有一定的经济效益。     

冷轧含油及乳化液废水处理工艺优化实践

根据冷轧厂排放含油废水特点和废水处理系统运行现状,对原废水处理工艺进行优化改进。新工艺对浓油和乳化液废水进行简单预处理后与稀油废水混合,混合后的含油废水采用水解酸化-生物接触氧化-高级氧化-G-BAF相结合的深度生化处理工艺,出水满足排放标准和回用要求,取得了良好的社会效益和经济效益。     

含油废水处理的新工艺

采用集油－隔油－粗粒化－气浮法处理含油废水新工艺，油排放浓度为３．９８ｍｇ／Ｌ，去油率达９９％以上，本工艺结构紧凑，占地少，投资省，操作稳定，运行费用低。     

核电站含油废水的处理

介绍了该工程的概况以及核电站含油废水的来源及特点.为了确保核电站含油废水能达标排放,设计采用隔油 粗粒化分离方法来处理含油废水的新工艺,实际运行表明,该工艺是经济、适用的.并就该工艺主要设备的工作原理及特点,以及运行中出现的问题等进行了探讨.     

电解絮凝浮选法处理油田废水

采用电解絮凝浮选法处理油田含油废水，建立了废水电解絮凝浮选法脱油动力学方程。在实验条件下电解10min，废水中可脱除油的去除率大于90％。随着电流密度的增加，废水中不可脱除油含量下降，但脱油速率常数k值增加不多。中性废水的脱油速率常数k值小于酸性或碱性废水。加入少量的PAC有助于废水除油。当电解功率相同时，两种电极联结方式的脱油效果相差不大。     

MBR深度处理石化含油废水研究进展

随着石化工业的快速发展,石化工业含油废水大量排放对环境造成较大压力。综述了国内外MBR深度处理含油石化废水研究成果,讨论了MBR基本运行参数、盐度、除油菌等因素及组合工艺对MBR处理石化含油废水的影响,认为控制HRT以保证系统中微生物的降解效果,废水中盐度对石化含油废水中污染物的去除效果有显著影响,投加除油菌可缩短MBR启动时间并增强抗冲击负荷能力等。论文还对含油石化废水深度处理及回用发展趋势进行了展望。     

冷轧含油和乳化液废水深度处理回用工艺研究

冷轧含油和乳化液废水因油和有机物含量高,对下游水体污染严重,成为冶金工业急需解决的废水处理难题。对冷轧含油和乳化液废水的处理工艺进行了研究,根据某冷轧厂废水特点,提出了对乳化液废水进行分质处理,再与含油废水一起进行深度处理回用的工艺,并分析了处理效果。     

混凝-超滤处理含油废水试验研究

采用混凝-超滤组合工艺处理含油废水。试验结果表明，原水经混凝预处理后生成微絮体，改善了分离性能，对膜污染起了重要的缓解作用，可延长反冲洗周期，使其保持较高的稳定通量，长时间运行。运行过程中膜通量下降幅度较小（仅为33％）；随着超滤时间的延长，COD和油的去除率较高，均可保持在90％～95％的较高水平。     

PAC-PFS絮凝-膜分离法处理含油废水

采用PAC-PFS絮凝-膜分离法处理含油废水。通过对几种不同的絮凝剂比较,选择较好的絮凝剂,研究了PAC和PFS的原料配比、投加量、絮凝时间对含油废水中的油、CODcr、SS去除率的影响,同时研究了进料流量和操作压力对膜性能的影响,得到了较为适宜的工艺条件。经处理后的含油废水中油、CODcr、SS的去除率分别达到98%、96%、96%以上,出水水质达到国家一级排放标准。     

一种含油废水的处理方法

本发明涉及一种含油废水的处理方法，它首先开发一种高吸油树脂，并将其直接应用于含油污水工业废水和餐饮业的油污废水处理。高吸油树脂的组分重量比为乳化剂：单体：交联剂：引发剂＝3650－450：100：0．1－3：0．1－2，在45－95℃下乳液聚合反应6－10小时，合成得高吸油树脂；再将废水含油量的5－20％（重量）的高吸油树脂投放于含油废水中，废水中的油污迅速被吸,蒸馏回收油品，再生树脂重复使用。本法工艺简单，占地面积小，处理综合成本低，符合环保要求。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.