硫化锌／多孔硅复合体系光致发光特性的研究

为了研究硫化锌／多孔硅复合体系的光致发光特性,通过电化学阳极氧化法制备了多孔硅样品,然后用脉冲激光沉积的方法在其上沉积硫化锌薄膜,测量了硫化锌／多孔硅复合体系的光致发光谱,并对其进行了详细的理论分析和实验验证。结果表明,在不同的激发波长(340nm,360nm,390nm)下,硫化锌／多孔硅复合体系的光致发光谱不同,硫化锌和多孔硅发光的相对(蓝／红)积分强度比值也不同;硫化锌薄膜的生长温度不同(100℃,250℃,350℃)时,硫化锌／多孔硅复合体系的发光不同,随着生长温度的升高,复合体系的发光谱中,硫化锌的发光增强而多孔硅的发光减弱;衬底多孔硅的制备电流密度不同(3mA／cm²,9mA／cm²,11mA／cm²)时,硫化锌／多孔硅复合体系的发光也有着不同的特点。在适当的多孔硅制备电流密度条件下,把硫化锌的发光与多孔硅的发光叠加,得到了可见光区较宽的光致发光谱带(450nm～700nm),呈现较强的白光发射,这一结果为白光二极管的实现开辟了一条新的捷径。     

ZnS/PS复合体系的制备和性能表征

以电化学阳极氧化法制备的多孔硅（PS）为衬底,用脉冲激光沉积方法分别在200和300℃下制备了ZnS薄膜,得到ZnS/PS复合体系。利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、荧光分光光度计分别对ZnS/PS复合体系的晶体结构、形貌和光致发光（PL）特性进行了研究。XRD结果表明,制备的ZnS薄膜呈立方相晶体结构,沿β-ZnS（111）晶向择优取向生长,生长温度较高的样品的XRD衍射峰强度较大。SEM图像显示,生长温度较高的ZnS薄膜表面较致密平整。室温下的PL谱表明,沉积ZnS薄膜后,PS的发光峰发生蓝移。较高的生长温度下,ZnS的自激活发光强度较大,而PS的红光强度较低且峰位红移。根据三基色叠加的原理,ZnS的蓝绿光与PS的红光叠加在一起,ZnS/PS复合体系呈现出较强的白光发射,为固态白光发射器件的实现开辟了一条新的捷径。     

硫化锌/多孔硅体系和氧化锌/多孔硅体系的光学和电学特性比较

用脉冲激光沉积法在相同孔隙率的多孔硅(Porous Silicon, PS)衬底上生长了ZnS薄膜和ZnO薄膜,在室温下对ZnS/PS和ZnO/PS的光学和电学性质进行了比较.结果发现,ZnS/PS和ZnO/PS在可见光区450～700 nm都有一个较宽的光致发光谱带,呈现较强的白光发射,但ZnS/PS体系的白光发射性能要优于ZnO/PS体系的发光性能.从二者的I-V特性曲线来看,ZnS/PS异质结呈现出与普通二极管相似的整流特性,而ZnO/PS异质结的整流特性与普通二极管不同,其反向电流不饱和.     

ZnS/PS体系的结构和发光特性

用电化学阳极氧化法制备了不同孔隙率的多孔硅(PS)样品,然后用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)法在其表面生长ZnS薄膜,研究ZnS/Ps复合体系的结构和发光特性.X射线衍射仪(XRD)结果表明,ZnS薄膜的生长具有高度择优取向,在28.5°附近有一很强的衍射峰,对应于β-ZnS(111)晶向.扫描电子显微镜像(SEM)显示,ZnS薄膜表面很不平整并出现空洞,这是由于衬底PS的表面粗糙所致.ZnS/PS复合体系的光致发光(PL)谱的高斯拟合分峰表明,随着衬底孑L隙率的增大,在样品B和C的发光谱中,在光谱中间520 nm左右都出现了一个新的绿色发光峰,归因于ZnS的缺陷中心发光.位于480 nm附近的ZnS的蓝光和520 nm附近的ZnS的绿光以及位于600 nm处的PS的橙红光叠加在一起,整个znS/PS复合体系呈现出较强的白光.     

多孔硅的孔隙对硫化锌/多孔硅光电性质的影响

为了研究衬底多孔硅(PS)的孔隙对硫化锌/多孔硅(ZnS/PS)复合体系的光学性能和电学性质的影响,采用脉冲激光沉积方法在不同孔隙度的PS衬底上沉积了硫化锌薄膜。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、荧光分光光度计和Ⅰ-Ⅴ特性曲线分别研究了PS衬底上ZnS薄膜的晶体结构、表面形貌和ZnS/PS复合体系的光学和电学性质。结果表明,沉积的ZnS薄膜呈立方相晶体结构,沿β-ZnS(111)晶向择优取向生长。随着衬底PS孔隙的增多,ZnS薄膜衍射峰的强度减小,且薄膜表面出现一些空洞和裂缝;在ZnS/PS复合体系的光致发光谱中,PS的发光相对于未沉积ZnS薄膜的PS有所蓝移,随着PS孔隙的增多,该蓝移量增大,而且在光谱中间550nm左右出现了一个新的绿光发射,归因于ZnS的缺陷中心发光。ZnS的蓝、绿光与PS的红光相叠加,整个ZnS/PS复合体系呈现出较强的白光发射。ZnS/PS异质结的Ⅰ-Ⅴ特性曲线呈现出与普通二极管相似的整流特性,在正向偏置下,电流密度较大,电压降较低;在反向偏置下,电流密度接近于0。随着衬底PS孔隙的增多,正向电流增大。该项研究结果为固态白光发射器件的实现奠定了基础。     

在多孔硅衬底上制备的ZnS薄膜及其光学性能

用脉冲激光沉积（PLD）方法在多孔硅（Ps）衬底上沉积了ZnS薄膜。用x射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、荧光分光光度计分别研究了ZnS薄膜的晶体结构、表面形貌及光学性能。结果表明,ZnS薄膜呈立方相晶体结构,沿β-ZnS（111）晶向择优取向生长;经过300℃真空退火30min后,ZnS薄膜的XRD衍射峰强度增大,表面变得粗糙,在可见光区的平均透射率达到80％以上,适合作太阳能电池过渡层、红外增透膜、红外窗口和头罩等。在退火后的ZnS／PS复合膜体系的光致发光谱（PL）中,除了高能端ZnS的蓝光发射和低能端Ps的红光发射外,在光谱中间550nm附近出现了一个新的绿光发射,这归因于ZnS薄膜退火过程中形成的缺陷能级而产生的缺陷中心发光。根据三基色叠加的原理将ZnS的蓝、绿光与Ps的红光叠加在一起后,ZnS／PS复合膜体系呈现出了较强的白光发射,这为固态白光发射器件的实现开辟了一条新的捷径。     

ZnS薄膜生长温度对ZnS/PS体系结构和发光的影响

用电化学阳极氧化法制备了一定孔隙率的多孔硅(PS,Porous Silicon)样品,然后以PS为衬底用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)的方法在100℃、200℃和300℃下生长ZnS薄膜.X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明,样品都在28.5°附近有一个较强的衍射峰,对应于β-ZnS(111)晶向,说明薄膜沿该方向择优取向生长,但由于衬底PS粗糙的表面结构,衍射峰的半高全宽(FWHM)较大.随着ZnS薄膜生长温度的升高,薄膜的衍射峰强度逐渐增强.扫描电子显微镜(SEM)像显示,随着薄膜生长温度的升高,构成薄膜的纳米晶粒生长变大.室温下的光致发光(PL)谱表明,随着薄膜生长温度的升高,ZnS的发光强度增强而PS的发光强度减弱,把ZnS的蓝绿光与PS的红光叠加,在可见光区450～700 nm形成了一个较宽的光致发光谱带,呈现较强的白光发射.     

多孔硅衬底上ZnS薄膜的白光光致发光

通过脉冲激光沉积（PLD）技术在多孔硅（PS）衬底上制备了ZnS薄膜。用光致发光（PL）的方法观察到白光发射,这个白光是由ZnS薄膜的蓝、绿光和PS的红光叠加形成的。白光光致发光谱是一个从450nm 到700nm的较强的可见光宽谱带。同时研究了激发波长、ZnS薄膜的生长温度、PS的孔隙率和退火温度对ZnS/PS光致发光谱的影响。     

退火温度对ZnS/PS薄膜的晶体结构和光电性质的影响

用脉冲激光沉积法(PLD)在多孔硅(PS)衬底上生长ZnS薄膜,分别在300℃、400℃和500℃下真空退火。用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了退火对ZnS薄膜的晶体结构和表面形貌的影响,并测量了ZnS/PS复合体系的光致发光(PL)谱和异质结的I-V特性曲线。研究表明,ZnS薄膜仅在28.5°附近存在着(111)方向的高度取向生长,由此判断薄膜是单晶立方结构的-βZnS。随着退火温度的升高,-βZnS的(111)衍射峰强度逐渐增大,且ZnS薄膜表面变得更加均匀致密,说明高温退火可以有效地促进晶粒的结合并改善结晶质量。ZnS/PS复合体系的PL谱中,随着退火温度升高,ZnS薄膜的自激活发光强度增大,而PS的发光强度减小,说明退火处理更有利于ZnS薄膜的发光。根据三基色叠加的原理,ZnS的蓝、绿光与PS的红光相叠加,ZnS/PS体系可以发射出较强的白光。但过高的退火温度会影响整个ZnS/PS体系的白光发射。ZnS/PS异质结的I-V特性曲线呈现出整流特性,且随着退火温度的升高其正向电流增加。     

多孔硅衬底上ZnS薄膜的PLD制备和表征

在电化学阳极氧化法制备的多孔硅（porous silicon,PS）衬底上用脉冲激光沉积法（pulsed laser deposition,PLD）在250℃和350℃下生长ZnS薄膜。XRD图样显示,制备的ZnS薄膜沿β—ZnS（111）方向择优生长,较高的生长温度下,衍射峰强度较大。SEM结果表明,250℃生长的Z...     

Effect of substrate porosity on photoluminescence properties of ZnS films prepared on porous Si substrates by pulsed laser deposition

ZnS films were deposited on porous Si(PS) substrates with different porosities by pulsed laser deposition. The photolumi-nescence spectra of the samples were measured to study the effect of substrate porosity on luminescence properties of ZnS/porous Si composites. After deposition of ZnS films,the red photoluminescence peak of porous Si shows a slight blueshift compared with as-prepared porous Si samples. With an increase of the porosity,a green emission at about 550 nm was observed which may be ascribed to the defect-center luminescence of ZnS films,and the photoluminescence of ZnS/porous Si composites is very close to white light. Good crystal structures of the samples were observed by x-ray diffraction,showing that ZnS films were grown in preferred orientation. Due to the roughness of porous Si surface,some cracks appear in ZnS films,which could be seen from scanning electron microscope images.     

C_(60)/硅基介孔复合物的发光研究

用化学沉积法制备了 C6 0 /多孔硅以及 C6 0 /硅基多孔氧化铝两种硅基介孔复合物 ,并研究了它们的发光性质 .结果表明 C6 0 的毗联可以影响多孔硅的发光性质 ,但对硅基多孔氧化铝的发光基本不产生影响 .这种现象可以从多孔硅以及硅基多孔氧化铝的发光机理进行解释     

White light photoluminescence from ZnS films on porous Si substrates

ZnS films were deposited on porous Si (PS) substrates using a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique.White light emission is observed in photoluminescence (PL) spectra, and the white light is the combination of blue and green emission from ZnS and red emission from PS. The white PL spectra are broad, intense in a visible band ranging from 450 to 700 nm. The effects of the excitation wavelength, growth temperature of ZnS films, PS porosity and annealing temperature on the PL spectra of ZnS/PS were also investigated.     

Au/SiO_2纳米复合膜的形貌及发光特性

采用磁控溅射和退火法在Si(111)衬底上制备Au/SiO2纳米复合薄膜,并在两种实验模式下进行退火处理。模式A:不同的退火温度,退火20min;模式B:退火温度1 000℃,不同的退火时间。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射方法(XRD)和光致发光(PL)等测试手段对退火后的Au/SiO2纳米复合薄膜的表面形貌、微观结构和发光特性进行了分析。SEM结果表明,在模式A情况下,随着温度的增加,Au纳米颗粒的大小先增加后减小,这与XRD测试结果相吻合。PL结果表明,在模式B情况下,随着退火时间的增加,发光峰强度先增加后减小。在325nm波长下激发,440nm的发光峰与Au颗粒的大小和数量有关,而523nm的发光峰与纳米复合膜的结构有关,这与SEM平面图相吻合。实验结果表明,Au/SiO2纳米复合薄膜的表面形貌、微观结构和发光特性与退火温度及退火时间有很强的依赖关系。     

Relaxation spectra of photoluminescence from porous silicon obtained by chemical etching of laser-modified silicon

The distinctive features of time-resolved photoluminescence spectra of porous silicon created by chemical etching of single-crystal silicon subjected to modification by laser light has been investigated. Two bands were seen upon examination of the amplitude spectra: a band with a maximum at a wavelength (λ _max⋍530 nm) and a band with λ _max⋍420 nm and twice the intensity of the first. The relaxation curves are characterized by two sets of times: τ ₁<2×10⁻⁸ s and 2×10⁻⁸ s<τ ₂×10⁻⁴ s in the spectral ranges 420–700 nm and 500–850 nm, respectively. Upon increasing the energy density of the laser irradiation from ∼10 to ∼40 J·cm⁻², the intensity of the photoluminescence and the contribution of the fast component increased as well. The difference in the photoluminescence spectra compared to the spectra of layers of porous silicon obtained by electrochemical etching is attributable to a shift in the distribution of nanocrystallite sizes toward smaller sizes, which leads to an increase in the area of the Si/SiO_x surface that separates the phases. Although our results can be explained within the framework of a quantum-well model, we do not rule out the contribution of local centers at the Si/SiO_x phase boundary. The slow component of the relaxation is approximated by a “stretched” exponential. It is assumed that the slow component is controlled by the rate at which photocarriers leave the quantum-well nanocrystallites by tunneling through the Si/SiO_x barrier. Fiz. Tekh. Poluprovodn. 31, 6–10 (January 1997)     

Visible photoluminescence of selectively etched porous <Emphasis Type="Italic">nc</Emphasis>-Si-Sio<Subscript>x</Subscript> structures

The results of the first studies of the effect of selective etching on photoluminescence in porous nc- Si–SiO_x structures containing Si nanoclusters (nc-Si) in the SiO_x matrix are reported. In the initial samples at room temperature, intense photoluminescence bands are observed with peaks at 840 and 660 nm corresponding to radiative recombination of free charge carriers (or charge carriers bound to excitons) excited in nc- Si. After selective etching of the nc- Si–SiO_x structures in 1% HF solution, these bands are noticeably shifted to higher energies of the spectrum. It is suggested that the evolution of the spectra is due to the decrease in the Si nanoparticle dimensions on etching of the oxide and additional oxidation of nc- Si. The results show that selective etching of the oxide matrix can be used to control the radiation spectra of porous nc- Si–SiO_x structures.     

Effects of illumination during anodization of porous silicon

The effects of illumination during anodic etching of porous Si have been studied. For a fixed current density and anodization time, it has been observed that below a critical irradiance level, increasing the radiant flux density during anodization results in higher photoluminescence and a blue shift of the photoluminescence spectra. For irradiance above the critical value, the photoluminescence intensity decreases. Transmission Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy have been employed to investigate the effects of illumination on the characteristics of porous Si.     

一种硅基多孔氧化铝-荧光复合发光材料

制备了硅基多孔氧化铝 - 3-羟基 - 2 -萘甲酸钠复合发光材料 .PL谱表明 3-羟基 - 2 -萘甲酸钠进入氧化铝膜的纳米孔内以后 ,发光峰位相对于其在膜表面有明显蓝移 .FT- IR谱进一步确认了 3-羟基 - 2 -萘甲酸钠进入氧化铝膜孔内 .实验结果表明 ,以硅基多孔氧化铝膜为模板可以获得硅基纳米发光点