电纺丝法制备纳米级Eu，Li共掺ZnO荧光材料

以聚乙烯醇（PVA）作为络合剂与乙酸锌、硝酸铕、硝酸锂均匀混合制得前驱体溶液，采用静电纺丝法制得聚乙烯醇（PVA）／无机复合纤维，经焙烧后得到分布均匀、具有较高比表面积的Eu、Li共掺ZnO纳米纤维。采用X-射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、激光微区拉曼光谱仪等分析测试手段，对所制得的纳米纤维的结晶度、表面形貌及发光特性进行了表征。结果表明，ZnO： Eu，Li纳米纤维在610～623nm间出现明显的发射峰，对应于Eu^3＋自身能级的。D0到^7F2的跃迁。     

静电喷印辅助界面聚合法制备纳米纤维复合膜实现海水脱盐

目的 提出一种静电喷印辅助界面聚合法制备纳米纤维复合膜实现海水过滤的方法。方法 通过在静电喷印聚丙烯腈（Polyacrylonitrile,PAN）纳米纤维基底上进行界面聚合,将哌嗪、三甲酰氯和聚醚胺（Polyether Amine,PEA）聚合在聚丙烯腈纳米纤维基底上。首先将PAN纳米纤维基底在水相溶液中浸泡,均匀吸附基材表面的哌嗪和PEA,用滤纸吸干多余的水溶液,然后将有机相三甲酰氯引入PAN基底表面,与水相进行反应,制备了具有良好过滤性能的纳米纤维复合膜（Thin Film Nanofiltration Composite,TFNC）,研究了PEA浓度对TFNC复合膜过滤性能的影响。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、接触角测量仪和Zeta电位仪,表征了复合膜的微观形貌、界面聚合反应、亲水性和荷电性。选用4种无机盐通过死端过滤装置系统对TFNC膜的过滤性能进行测试。结果 PAN溶液能够在滚筒表面静电喷印形成均匀的膜表面结构。在20k V静电高压下,纺丝质量分数为8%的PAN透明溶液所制备的薄膜表面光滑。当PEA的质量分数4.5%时,TFNC复合膜的接触角...     

医用钛表面纳米薄膜的制备及生物相容性研究

本实验采用经抛光打磨的纯钛片与氢氧化钠溶液进行水热反应,在钛片表面形成一维钛酸盐纳米结构薄膜,水热处理后的样品浸泡在模拟体液中进一步矿化,研究其表面诱导磷灰石沉积的能力。采用TEM、SEM、XRD、FTIR和EDX等测试手段表征样品矿化前后钛片表面的微观形貌、结构及元素组成。研究了反应时间对样品表面微观结构及性质的影响,并探讨了纳米结构形成的机理。通过对样品矿化后表面羟基磷灰石形成情况的研究,得出了最佳仿生表面的微观结构组成。结果显示:钛片与氢氧化钠水热反应能在其表面形成结构规整,尺寸均一的纳米结构薄膜;TEM结果表明钛片与6 mol/L氢氧化钠溶液在180℃条件下反应1 h便可观察到纳米结构的形成;通过对比不同反应条件下样品表面纳米结构的SEM结果得知:反应时间对表面薄膜的纳米结构的尺寸及结构均有影响;FTIR及XRD结果表明水热处理后的钛片表面有钛酸盐和钛酸生成,EDX及XRD结果显示水热处理后的钛片经SBF浸泡7 d后其表面能够诱导磷灰石沉积。     

静电纺丝法制备多孔五氧化二钒纳米管

静电纺丝法制备多孔五氧化二钒纳米纤维,在经过后续的高温处理得到多孔洞的五氧化二钒纳米管结构。本文以商用五氧化二钒粉末,苯甲醇和异丙醇为原料制备氧化钒溶胶,添加聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)以增加前驱体的粘性,并以此为前驱体通过静电纺丝法制备超长五氧化二钒纳米纤维。于是我们得到静电纺丝法制备的五氧化二钒纤维,通过改变热处理的时间来实现对纤维形貌的控制。我们所添加的PVP在整个溶液中的质量分数为10%。使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、投射电子显微镜(TEM)以及X射线衍射仪(XRD)来表征所制备的多孔五氧化二钒纳米管的形貌和结晶度。由热重分析仪(TGA)来测试静电纺丝设备制备得到的五氧化二钒纳米纤维的热分解,并以此选择高温处理温度。静电纺丝得到的超长五氧化二钒纳米纤维的直径在400-700纳米间,长度为2-10微米。经过不同时间的高温处理后,所获得结构为不同完整程度的多孔洞五氧化二钒纳米管。     

等离子喷涂TiO2-CaF2复合涂层的结构及体外生物矿化能力

目的等离子喷涂TiO_2涂层是生物惰性材料,不能与骨组织很好地结合,制备TiO_2-CaF_2复合涂层以提高氧化钛涂层的体外生物矿化能力。方法利用等离子喷涂技术在医用Ti合金表面制备TiO_2-CaF_2复合涂层。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和拉曼光谱仪(Raman)对复合涂层的微观结构进行表征,利用接触角仪、三维轮廓仪和电化学工作站考察复合涂层的接触角、表面粗糙度和耐腐蚀性能。采用模拟体液(SBF)浸泡实验考察复合涂层的体外矿化能力。结果 TiO_2和TiO_2-20%CaF_2涂层主要由金红石型TiO_2构成,其中含有少量的锐钛矿型TiO_2成分。20%CaF_2的掺杂会促进金红石型TiO_2的形成。CaF_2的加入可改变TiO_2涂层的表面形貌,表面粗糙度Ra从4.96μm降低至0.94μm,亲水性也得到增强。TiO_2-CaF_2复合涂层在SBF中的耐腐蚀性能也较TiO_2涂层有所提高。经SBF浸泡28 d后,TiO_2-CaF_2复合涂层表面可沉积类骨磷灰石,显示了较好的体外矿化能力,而TiO_2涂层则无此能力。结论 CaF_2的掺杂可使TiO_2涂层的表面粗糙度下降,亲水性增强,耐腐蚀性增强。体外矿化实验结果表明,TiO_2-CaF_2复合涂层表面可沉积类骨磷灰石,显示了较好的生物活性。     

纯镁在模拟体液中的腐蚀机理

考察纯镁浸泡于模拟体液（SBF）中所发生的化学和物理过程，实验材料为扩散退火态，浸泡时间3-21d。结果发现，镁的腐蚀速率随时间增加而降低，同时溶液pH递增；裂纹和腐蚀坑是材料损伤的主要形貌特征，而MgCl2的局部富积是形成腐蚀坑的重要原因；随着浸泡时间延长，Mg（OH）2沉积于试样表面并逐步增长，成为Ca、P在Mg表面沉积的屏障，因此抑制Mg（OH）2的形成和生长是诱导磷酸钙陶瓷在Mg表面沉积的必要条件。     

热处理和SBF浸泡对羟基磷灰石涂层力学性能的影响

利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、电子探针（EPMA）、扫描电镜（SEM）等检测手段，研究了等离子喷涂羟基磷灰石（HA）涂层热处理前后的显微组织变化，以及经热处理和模拟体液（SBF）浸泡处理对涂层力学性能的影响。结果表明：涂层内部衬度不一，存在化学非均匀性。涂层中的裂纹、气孔、未熔颗粒界面是断裂的起源。热处理能使涂层中的不均匀性消失，成分趋于一致，结晶度提高。热处理后，粗颗粒涂层结合强度升高而细颗粒涂层则降低。0．5SBF浸泡处理后，所有涂层的结合强度都降低，原始细颗粒涂层降低幅度最大，原始粗颗粒涂层次之，热处理细涂层降低幅度最小。     

静电纺丝技术结合碳热还原法制备Sn/C薄膜锂电池负极材料

利用静电纺丝技术与碳热还原相结合,制备了具有较高容量和较好循环性能的Sn/C无纺布纤维膜。利用扫描电镜(SEM),X射线衍射(XRD),表征Sn/C纤维的形貌和结构。样品首次循环得到较高的充放电容量,分别为1 329.8和808.6 mA·h/g。循环40圈以后,充电容量仍保持在743 mA·h/g,为第二圈充电容量的97.5%。     

贝壳表面沉积片状磷灰石及其体外生物活性

采用溶液浸泡法将贝壳在37 ℃转化成磷灰石,借助XRD、FTIR、SEM、TEM等分析手段研究磷灰石的形貌、结构和体外生物活性.贝壳在磷酸缓冲溶液中浸泡24 h后,通过溶解-再结晶反应在其表面沉积上一层具有片状形貌的缺钙型磷灰石,其Ca/P比为(1.35±0.05).低温下制备的磷灰石结晶度较低,而且晶格内含有碳酸根和磷酸氢根离子.SBF实验表明,以贝壳为原料制备的磷灰石具有优良的体外生物活性,试样在SBF溶液中浸泡12 h后表面就沉积上一层类骨型磷灰石.预计溶液浸泡法制备的磷灰石可应用于骨支架材料或者填充材料.     

光催化剂载体— — —羧基氟碳共聚物纤维膜的制备及耐光降解性能研究

以甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯(DHFMA)和甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为单体,通过溶液聚合制备出MAA含量不同的羧基氟碳共聚物(DHFMA-co-MAA),并通过静电纺丝装置制备了羧基氟碳共聚物纤维膜。研究了MAA含量和溶剂对纤维膜形貌的影响,分析了纤维膜的耐光降解性能,结果表明:MAA含量25%的DHFMA-co-MAA以DMF作为纺丝溶剂,MAA含量10%的DHFMA-co-MAA以丁酮+DMF(质量比为2∶8)作为纺丝溶剂,均可以制备出表面平滑、纤维直径较小、形态均一的纤维膜;MAA含量10%的DHFMA-co-MAA纤维膜的光稳定性能更好,更适合用作光催化剂载体。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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