共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 164 毫秒
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光场相位奇异特性研究在奇点光学研究领域中具有非常重要的意义。本文运用广义惠更斯-菲涅尔衍射积分公式推导出高斯涡旋光束通过像散透镜后的光场分布表达式,并研究了它在几何焦平面上的相位奇异特性。结果表明,高斯涡旋光束通过像散透镜后在几何焦平面上存在相位奇点,相位奇点受到透镜的像散系数、光束束腰宽度和涡旋离轴量等参数的影响。在一定条件下,几何焦平面上出现直刃型位错线或光涡旋。当像散系数为0时,光涡旋出现在y轴上。当像散系数不为0,而涡旋离轴量为0时,会出现直刃型位错线或光涡旋,且各自的位置都非常稳定。当像散系数、涡旋离轴量或束腰宽度改变时,光涡旋会发生移动。这对光学元器件的设计和涡旋光束相位奇点的控制有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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运用q参数和 ABCD 定律,推导了高斯光束经望远镜和薄聚焦透镜组合系统的聚焦特性的变化规律,并对其进行了数值模拟计算。利用平凹腔He-Ne激光器对模拟结果进行了验证,在相同距离下,与单一薄透镜的聚焦性能进行了比较。结果表明,随着距离(70~400 mm)的增加,两者的聚焦效果相差增大,最大为30倍;随着距离(70~400 mm)的减小,两者的聚焦效果相差减小;经望远镜和薄聚焦透镜组合系统聚焦的高斯光束束腰处光斑半径随距离(70~400 mm)变化的最大值为0.043 μm。因此,在实际聚焦过程中,应选用望远镜和薄聚焦透镜组合系统,且距离尽可能地小或为零。 相似文献
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为了研究具有精细结构的圆对称爱里光束的传输特性,通过减小与光斑宽度相关的参数w,使初始光场具有与波长相近的精细结构。在此特定情况下,用瑞利-索末菲衍射理论对圆对称爱里光束的传输特性进行数值计算。研究结果表明:随着参数w的减小,圆对称爱里光束的精细结构增加,使得代表高频成分的离轴光场影响逐渐增大并参与聚焦行为,焦点光强峰值增大,焦点主光斑的半高全宽减小,突然自聚焦能力得到显著提升;当w减小到某一阈值后,由于持续增加的高频分量进入到倏逝波,焦点光强峰值减小,焦点主光斑的半高全宽增大,突然自聚焦性能下降。 相似文献
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为了研究椭圆偏振拉盖尔-高斯光经超表面的聚焦特性,重点分析了聚焦光场的电场强度以及相位分布特性。利用时域有限差分(FDTD)方法仿真椭圆偏振拉盖尔-高斯光经超表面的聚焦光场。研究表明,椭圆偏振拉盖尔-高斯光经超表面聚焦后会在聚焦光场的纵向分量电场中出现自旋角动量转化为轨道角动量的现象,通过改变超表面的数值孔径大小、拉盖尔-高斯光的偏振类型等参数可以调控涡旋光场形态分布。该现象可应用于光镊、量子加密、光学扳手等技术中。 相似文献
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In this work, three‐dimensional near‐field imaging of the focused laser spot was studied theoretically and experimentally. In the theoretical simulation, we use the electromagnetic equivalent of the vectorial Kirchhoff diffraction integral to calculate the intensity distribution of the focal region, and a high depolarization is found in high numerical aperture systems (NA = 0.85). The experimental set‐up is based on a near‐field scanning optical microscope (NSOM) system. A high‐NA objective lens is used to focus incident light of various polarizations, and a tapered near‐field optical fibre probe of the NSOM system is used to determine the intensity of the focal field. The results show an asymmetric distribution of the focused intensity with the linear polarized laser beam. 相似文献
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A Boyde 《Journal of microscopy》1975,105(1):97-105
The principal distance, D, from the centre of perspective in the SEM optical projection to the tilt axis of the specimen stage must be accurately determined before photogrammetric evaluation of stereoscopic pairs of micrographs can proceed. A precise procedure for measuring D is described in which the specimen stage X micrometer is used to measure the width of the field scanned for a particular width of the CRT, when the specimen stage is moved along the electron beam axis by amounts measured with the stage Z micrometer. The Z micrometer is calibrated with an external dial gauge. A plot of field width against Z extrapolated to zero gives the location of the perspective centre. In SEM photogrammetry, it is usual to leave the lens currents unchanged whilst recording the stereo-pairs. The values of D measured with a constant final lens current show that the perspective centre is located close to the final aperture in its conventional position. Previous determinations of D for Stereoscans have used a changing lens current to keep the specimen in focus at varying Z, and found a virtual centre several millimetres above the final aperture. The value of D so obtained should only be used if the micrographs were recorded with dynamic or automatic focusing systems. 相似文献
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光子纳米射流是一种高强度,极窄的亚波长电磁场区域,它是由介电微球或微柱体的Mie散射对电磁场的聚焦作用产生的。光子纳米射流广泛应用于激光加工、纳米光刻、光学高密度存储以及超分辨率显微镜。从径向偏振光的角度出发,使用一种介电圆环结构对光束进行聚焦,由于径向偏振光在焦点区域可以产生较强的纵向场,通过优化圆环的尺寸、折射率以及与物镜焦点的相对位置,可以得到超过90%光束质量的纵向光子纳米射流,而且强度相比于未使用圆环时可以提高约一个数量级,并在高折射率下可以获得半高全宽小于衍射极限尺寸的光斑,因此该结构预计可以在粒子加速、光镊以及拉曼光谱学中有所应用。 相似文献
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为了精确、实时地测量物体表面的动态形变,提出了基于狭缝光阑的空间载波剪切散斑干涉系统。该系统通过倾斜迈克尔逊干涉仪的一个平面镜来产生剪切量和载波频率,实现空间频谱的移动;采用一个可调节的狭缝光阑控制散斑大小和空间频谱宽度。基于傅里叶变换与反变换在空间频率域上提取所需的频谱并计算相位图,最后通过一幅干涉条纹图得到相位分布信息。采用该系统对一个中心加载、四周固支的薄铝板进行了动态测量,分析了光学系统参数对测量结果的影响。结果表明,采用像素尺寸为4.65μm×4.65μm的高分辨率相机,焦距为8mm的成像镜头,设置剪切量为25mm,狭缝光阑X方向的尺寸为1mm时,可得到高质量的剪切散斑相位图。该方法可以在25frame/s的采集速度下,以43.6°的视场角实现动态形变的测量,可测形变峰值为0.5~30μm。 相似文献
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为VCM磁钢自动检测系统设计了一套高精度的光学系统。该光学系统分为成像系统和照明系统两部分,利用远心光路方式对成像系统进行了设计。通过光学计算,给出了焦距为16mm,相对孔径为1:2.5,视场角为120°的成像系统设计参数。所试制的样机经过实验表明镜头成像清晰,性能可靠,满足测量精度要求。 相似文献
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One of the conditions for a laser scanning microscope to reach its optimal performance is for it to operate at its full numerical aperture (NA). In most commonly used systems, the illumination intensity at the back focal plane of the objective lens is apodized. This paper presents a simple method using a photodiode for checking the actual illumination intensity profile. We show as an example the measured profiles of a laser beam when working with two high-NA immersion objectives in two different confocal systems, and also show that in theoretical studies of the point-spread function, the assumption of a flat compared with a truncated Gaussian beam profile gives rise to severe discrepancies. The measured profiles also serve as an indication of the necessity of a realignment of the optical system. 相似文献
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大孔径大视场轻小型星敏感器光学系统 总被引:5,自引:4,他引:5
提出了一个大相对孔径、大视场轻小型CCD星敏感器光学系统设计方案,该星敏感器焦距为22.5 mm,F数为1.2,谱段范围470~750 nm,视场角25°。采用双高斯基本型后加一片近乎等晕的正透镜,获得了较大的相对孔径,同时选择高折射率玻璃材料增大视场并降低轴上及轴外光束入射角,高折射率玻璃材料亦能降低高级像差且使系统总长缩短。像质分析表明,此设计方案能够满足使用要求,光学系统总长仅为46.51 mm,满足实际工程轻量化需求。 相似文献