纳米CeO2掺杂对烧结钕铁硼磁体表面Zn-Al涂层性能的影响

采用喷涂工艺在烧结钕铁硼磁体表面制备了不同纳米 CeO₂ 掺杂量的 CeO₂ / Zn-Al 复合涂层。 利用扫描电子显微镜、显微硬度仪、盐雾试验箱和电化学工作站对 CeO₂ / Zn-Al 复合涂层的微观结构、力学性能及耐腐蚀性能进行表征分析。 结果表明:CeO₂ 纳米颗粒较均匀弥散分布于 Zn-Al 涂层中,不仅能够增加 Zn-Al 涂层的硬度,而且可以提高 Zn-Al 涂层的屏蔽性能,CeO₂ / Zn-Al 复合涂层耐中性盐雾试验能力高达 720 h。 添加的 CeO₂ 颗粒能够隔绝 Zn-Al 涂层中的锌铝薄片之间的直接接触,起到绝缘作用,延长了腐蚀介质渗入钕铁硼基体的腐蚀通道。     

AZ31镁合金冷喷涂Al-Al_2O_3复合涂层组织及性能

采用冷喷涂工艺在AZ31镁合金上制备纯Al涂层和Al-50%Al_2O_3复合涂层。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、材料分析软件探讨Al_2O_3颗粒的加入对纯Al涂层显微组织的影响。用电化学工作站、显微硬度计和磨耗试验机来对涂层的性能进行表征,分析Al_2O_3颗粒的加入对纯Al涂层耐蚀性、显微硬度和磨损性能的影响。结果表明:与纯Al涂层相比,复合涂层组织更致密,孔隙率更低,硬度从51.2HV0.025提高到94.8HV0.025,滑动磨损率降低80.5%,磨粒磨损率降低40%。复合涂层的自腐蚀电流密度(2.36×10~(-7)A/cm~2)和纯Al涂层的自腐蚀电流密度(1.19×10~(-7) A/cm~2)相近,相对于镁合金的(2.56×10~(-4) A/cm~2)降低3个数量级,可以大大提高镁合金的抗腐蚀性能。     

Mg-6Zn-1Ca合金激光熔覆Al-Si层的组织与性能（英文）

采用激光熔覆Al-Si粉体以提高Mg-6Zn-1Ca合金的表面性能,并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱(EDS)技术研究熔覆层的相组成、组织结构和化学成分。结果表明,熔覆层主要由α-Mg、Mg_2Si枝晶、Mg_(17)Al_(12)和Al_3Mg_2相组成。由于生成了Mg_2Si、Mg_(17)Al_(12)和Al_3Mg_2金属间化合物以及快速熔凝的晶粒细化作用,熔覆层的显微硬度(HV_(0.025) 310)比基体硬度(HV_(0.025) 54)高近5倍。同时,在3.5%NaCl(质量分数)水溶液中的腐蚀性能测试显示,腐蚀电位从基体的-1574.6 mV上升到了熔覆后的-128.7 mV,而腐蚀电流密度则从基体的170.1μA/cm~2降至熔覆后的6.7μA/cm~2。这些研究结果显示,激光熔覆Al-Si粉体可以显著提高Mg-6Zn-1Ca合金表层的硬度和耐蚀性。     

模数对水性硅酸钾富锌涂层电化学行为的影响

通过测量涂层腐蚀电位与涂层电化学交流阻抗,研究了水溶性K2SiO3溶液的模数(SiO2/K2O摩尔比)对水性无机富锌涂层电化学行为的影响.结果表明,水性无机富锌涂料随着水基模数的增加,涂层腐蚀电位增高,涂层对腐蚀介质的屏蔽性能增强,涂层中锌粉颗粒的活性溶解阻力增大.用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观测不同模数水性无机富锌涂层的结构表明,水性无机富锌涂料水基模数的增加使涂层中锌粉颗粒之间充分交联,涂膜强度增大,涂层中锌粉颗粒之间的缝隙减小,涂层的致密性增强.     

无铬纳米锌铝涂层的微观组织及腐蚀性能

向无铬锌铝涂层中分别加入3种纳米微粒ZnO,TiO₂和SiO₂制备纳米复合涂层,通过盐水浸泡实验和电化学测试研究其耐蚀性,结合SEM等手段观察纳米复合涂层显微组织及其在盐水中的腐蚀情况,分析纳米微粒在涂层中所起作用。结果表明,3种纳米微粒的加入能够加强涂层的阴极保护作用,并能延缓涂层金属粉末的消耗,较无铬锌铝涂层更易减慢腐蚀速率。其中,纳米SiO₂复合涂层耐蚀性最佳,纳米TiO₂复合涂层略次,ZnO纳米复合涂层耐蚀效果较差,3种纳米复合涂层耐蚀性均优于无铬锌铝涂层。     

添加纳米锌粉环痒涂层腐蚀电化学行为

用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)技术研究了添加不同质量 百分比浓度的纳米锌粉环氧涂层的腐蚀电化学行为，并与环氧清漆(不含颜料)涂层的腐蚀电化学行为进行对比.结果表明，添加不同质量百分比浓度纳米锌粉环氧涂层与环氧清漆涂层具有不同的电化学阻抗谱特征.纳米锌粉的添加量对涂层的防护性能有显著影响，添加不同质量百分比浓度纳米锌粉环氧涂层防腐蚀性能的优劣顺序为：环氧清漆涂层>20mass%>10mass%>2mass%纳米锌环氧涂层.添加纳米锌粉对环氧涂层的防护性能有2方面的影响：一方面使涂层中的微观缺陷大大增多，涂层的防护性能降低；另一方面，由于锌粉的腐蚀产物可将涂层中部分缺陷堵塞，从而对涂层的防护性能有提高作用.由于在所研究的质量百分比浓度范围内(2mass%～20mass%)，前者起了主导作用，所以综合作用的结果是使涂层的防护性能变差.  s.     

纳米ZrO_2对环保型锌铝合金涂层耐蚀性能的影响

采用锌铝合金粉制备水性锌铝涂层,通过向涂层中添加纳米ZrO_2,制备出纳米复合锌铝涂层。通过电化学测试、中性盐雾试验、扫描电镜观察、能谱分析和X射线衍射分析,研究纳米ZrO_2对锌铝涂层耐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:纳米ZrO_2能增大锌铝粉活化溶解电阻,延缓锌铝合金粉的消耗,提高涂层阴极的保护周期。当纳米ZrO_2的添加量为5%(质量分数)时,涂层的耐蚀性最佳,腐蚀电流密度降低至2.156×10-6 A/cm2。纳米ZrO_2的添加填补了锌铝粉之间的孔隙,使涂层组织均匀致密,增强了涂层阻挡离子渗透能力,阻止涂层表面孔蚀的发生及内部微裂纹的产生,延长涂层的防护时间。     

机械合金化法制备AlCoNiFeCr高熵合金涂层

利用机械合金化原理,在304不锈钢板表面制得AlCoNiFeCr高熵合金涂层。采用XRD、SEM、EDS、显微硬度测试和电化学腐蚀等技术分析涂层的组织结构、显微形貌、力学性能和耐腐蚀性能,并初步探讨合金层的形成机理。结果表明:随着球磨时间的增加,涂层厚度先增大后减小;当球磨时间为9 h时涂层最厚,平均厚度约为110μm;当球磨时间为12h时,涂层部分剥落。涂层的硬度明显高于基体的,且从表面到基体硬度呈梯度下降,硬度最高值达590HV_(0.1)约为基体硬度的3倍。电化学腐蚀试验表明,涂层有效增加了基体的耐腐蚀性能。     

AZ31镁合金冷喷涂纳米晶铝涂层腐蚀性能

为了改善镁合金耐蚀性,采用冷喷涂技术在镁合金AZ31上制备出纳米晶铝涂层,分析了涂层的微观组织,通过电化学试验及中性盐雾试验研究了涂层及基体的腐蚀性能。试验结果表明,涂层的纳米晶结构成功保留,涂层组织致密、厚度均匀,涂层硬度到达111.44 HV0.025,明显高于镁合金基体的硬度(66.8 HV0.025);涂层的自腐蚀电位(-0.78 V)高于镁合金基体的自腐蚀电位(-1.79 V),涂层的自腐蚀电流密度(5.3×10-7A/cm2)比镁合金基体的自腐蚀电流密度(2.45×10-5A/cm2)低2个数量级,盐雾试验表明涂层的耐腐蚀性能明显优于镁合金基体。     

氧化石墨烯掺杂对机械镀锌层腐蚀性能的影响

为了增强传统机械镀锌层的耐腐蚀性能,采用机械镀方法,在Q235基体表面制备了Zn-GO纳米薄片复合镀层。利用拉曼光谱、场发射扫描电镜和X射线衍射等表征了复合镀层的表面、截面形貌;采用极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)分析了复合镀层浸泡在3.5%NaCl溶液中的电化学行为,并通过中性盐雾加速腐蚀试验测试复合镀层的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明:GO薄片以吸附、镶嵌、夹杂3种方式与锌颗粒共沉积。与未添加GO的镀层相比,GO细化锌粉团使复合镀层更加紧密,同时GO起到电连接作用,可使复合镀层发生钝化现象,自腐蚀电位从-1.189 V正移到-1.130 V,腐蚀电流密度从749μA/cm~2降低到398μA/cm~2;GO具有很好的化学惰性和屏障效应,线性极化电阻增大了5倍;耐盐雾腐蚀试验出现白锈和红锈时间比纯锌镀层分别延长了12 h和140 h。因此,一定含量的GO掺杂能提高锌基镀层的耐腐蚀性能。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.