美国信息安全教育和培训的启示

介绍和分析美国国家标准与技术研究院(NIST)出版的两个在信息安全意识教育和培训方面的规范性文件及3次修订过程,指出随着信息技术的发展和国家安全策略的变化,美国对于信息技术安全培训的要求以及侧重点也在随之改变,总结从美国NIST关于信息技术安全培训的内容变迁中得出的一些启示,希望对我国的信息安全与保密培训有一定的借鉴意义。     

电磁环境效应验证测量系统的数据库存取技术

电磁环境效应验证是通过对预期电磁环境场景的"再现",以及电磁作用过程的分析与模拟,性能变化的检查与测量,以达到对目标环境适应能力的综合评价;数据库存取与管理是电磁环境效应验证测量系统的重要组成部分,文中介绍了C/S(客户机/服务器)模式下,基于ODBC(开放数据库连接)的VC++6.0访问Oracle数据库技术,实现了客户机和服务器之间的通信,数据源的自动注册,并用SQL(结构化查询语言)语句对服务器中Oracle数据库的数据进行显示、查询和添加等操作;此外,利用事务处理对记录可进行批量操作。     

NIST化学动力学数据简介

利用数据库原理系统地分析了ＮＩＳＴ化学动力学数据库的特点，结合具体实例说明了使用方法，目的在于为国内开发数据库提供了一些有益的帮助。     

JDBC轻松解决数据库问题

本文给出了在JAVA环境下用SQL查询语言对ACCESS数据库进行查询。同时对JDBC-ODBC桥接器,以及JDBC(JAVA数据库连接)API和ODBC(开放式数据库连接)数据源进行了介绍。     

NIST随机性检测方法及应用

序列的随机性检测是密码学研究的一个重要课题,首先介绍了美国NIST测试标准,然后利用Linux系统下的makefile和sts软件两种方法对流密码ZUC生成的序列了进行随机性检测,16种测试结果表明ZUC的密钥流序列是随机的。     

VC＋＋6．0访问Oracle数据库技术

本文介绍了C／S（客户机／服务器）模式下,基于ODBC（开放数据库连接）的VC＋＋6．0访问Orade数据库技术,实现了客户机和服务器之间的通信,自动注册了数据源,并用SQL（结构化查询语言）语句对服务器中Orade数据库的数据进行显示,查询和添加等操作,此外,利用事务处理对记录可进行批量操作。此技术适用于中小型应用系统。     

基于本体的异构数据库集成方法

随着数据库种类的增多,在查询不同数据库时,经常碰到用户术语和数据库术语不匹配的问题.提出了一种基于本体理论的异构数据库集成方法,该方法利用了一个全局字典,建立各局部数据库的本体,通过中间件和局部查询代理处理用户请求,用他们自己的术语(不精确查询)进行查询.给出了本体模型和查询处理算法以及原型系统的实现.     

基于ASP.NET的电子商务系统用户权限设计与实现

电子商务系统对安全问题有较高的要求,传统的访问控制方法DAC(Discretionary Access Control．自主访问控制模型)、MAC(Mandatory Access Control．强制访问控制模型)难以满足复杂的企业环境需求。因此．NIST(National Institute of Standards and Technology．美国国家标准化和技术委员会)于上世纪90年代初提出了基于角色的访问控制方法,实     

基于PHP和MYSQL的成绩查询系统

主要讨论在Web环境下,如何使用PHP和MYSQL实现成绩查询系统的应用,并且给出了详细的设计方法。内容具体涉及到数据库中批量数据的导入、一般条件查询和多种条件复合查询两种方式的实现。实例选取外语成绩查询为模版,相关的原理和方法可以应用到类似的一般成绩查询系统中。     

汽车载重称量系统的设计

介绍了汽车载重称量系统的设计过程，以Visual Basic6.0和Access数据库为软件平台，设计开发了一个具有实时数据采集，批量数据载入，以及完善的数据查询，统计和报表生成与打印功能的管理系统，该系统已投入实际应用，提高了汽车载重称量的自动化水平和企业管理水平。     

基于三通道卷积神经网络的纹身图像检测算法

针对纹身图像的特点和卷积神经网络（CNN）在全连接层对图像特征抽取能力的不足问题,提出一种三通道的卷积神经网络纹身图像检测算法,并进行了三方面的改进工作。首先,针对纹身图像的特点改进图像预处理方案;其次,设计了一个基于三通道全连接层的卷积神经网络进行特征提取,并对特征建立索引,有效地提高了网络对不同尺度下空间信息的提取能力,实现了对纹身图像的高效检测;最后,通过两个数据集验证了算法的泛化能力。实验结果表明,对NIST数据集所提预处理方案比Alex方案有总正确率提高0.17个百分点,纹身图像正确率提高0.29个百分点。在所提预处理方案下,提出的算法在标准的NIST纹身图像集上具有明显的优势,正确率从NIST公布的最优值96.3%提高到99.1%,提高了2.8个百分点;相对于传统的CNN算法,正确率从98.8%提高到99.1%,提高了0.3个百分点。在Flickr数据集上也有相应的性能提升。     

Adaptive population-based search: Application to estimation of nonlinear regression parameters

Algorithms for the estimation of nonlinear regression parameters are considered. Adaptive population-based search algorithms are proposed and implemented in deriving reliable estimates at a reasonable time with default setting of their controlling parameters. The algorithms are tested on the NIST collection of data sets containing 27 nonlinear regression tasks of various level of difficulty. The experimental results show that both algorithms with competing heuristics are significantly more reliable as compared with the algorithm based on Levenberg-Marquardt optimizing procedure.     

A New Hash Competition

Since the discovery of collision attacks against several well-known cryptographic hash functions in 2004, a rush of new cryptanalytic results cast doubt on the current hash function standards. The relatively new NIST SHA-2 standards aren't yet immediately threatened, but their long-term viability is now in question. The US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has therefore begun an international competition to select a new SHA-3 standard. This article outlines the competition, its rules, the requirements for the hash function candidates, and the process that NIST will use to select the final winning SHA-3 standard.     

A comparative study of the reliability of nine statistical software packages

The reliabilities of nine software packages commonly used in performing statistical analysis are assessed and compared. The (American) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) data sets are used to evaluate the performance of these software packages with regard to univariate summary statistics, one-way ANOVA, linear regression, and nonlinear regression. Previous research has examined various versions of these software packages using the NIST data sets, but typically with fewer software packages than used in this study. This study provides insight into a relative comparison of a wide variety of software packages including two free statistical software packages, basic and advanced statistical software packages, and the popular Excel package. Substantive improvements from previous software reliability assessments are noted. Plots of principal components of a measure of the correct number of significant digits reveal how these packages tend to cluster for ANOVA and nonlinear regression.     

Evolutionary cryptography theory based generating method for a secure Koblitz elliptic curve and its improvement by a hidden Markov models

Considering potential attacks from cloud-computing and quantum-computing,it is becoming nec-essary to provide higher security elliptic curves.The hidden Markov models are introduced for designing the trace-vector computation algorithm to accelerate the search for elliptic curve (EC) base-points.We present a new algorithm for secure Koblitz EC generation based on evolutionary cryptography theory.The algorithm is tested by selecting a secure Koblitz EC over the field F(2 2000),with experiments showing that both the base field and base point of the secure curve generated exceed the parameter range for Koblitz curves recommended by NIST.The base fields generated go beyond 1900 bits,which is higher than the 571 bits recommended by NIST.We also find new secure curves in the range F(2 163)-F(2 571) recommended by NIST.We perform a detailed security analysis of those secure curves,showing that those we propose satisfy the same security criteria as NIST.     

采用非参数方法建模的短时话者识别

在与文本无关的声纹识别研究中,目前性能较好而且较成熟的系统均是基于训练并在测试数据时长较长的情况下获得的,如NIST评测中的核心测试环境下训练和测试语音时长约5分钟.而在实际应用中,由于声纹识别的特殊性,用户一般都不太配合,通常很难获得足够多的训练语音数据,从而限制了经典的话者识别系统,大大降低了其性能.本文针对与实际应用直接相关的短时话者识别,提出了一种采用Parzen Window的非参数估计方法,对目标话者的短时数据进行建模,从而达到提高话者模型推广能力的目标.该方法在NIST SRE2006的短时任务10s训练,测试的实验结果与传统的GMM-UBM得分融合后,在等错误率EER下比基线系统相对降低了10.76%.     

NIST化学动力学数据库简介

利用数据库原理系统地分析了ＮＩＳＴ化学动力学数据库的特点，结合具体实例说明了使用方法，目的在于为国内开发数据库提供一些有益的帮助。     

翻译评价方法的区分度分析

首先简单介绍了目前被广泛应用的两种翻译评价方法BLEU和NIST,然后着眼于它们对翻译系统实际水平的区分程度,参考教育测量领域中的方法,提出了区分度的概念,并通过实验阐明了基于区分度的性能分析方法。实验结果表明这种性能分析方法能够有效地反映出BLEU方法和NIST方法在区分程度上的优劣。     

A Study of Interspeaker Variability in Speaker Verification

We propose a new approach to the problem of estimating the hyperparameters which define the interspeaker variability model in joint factor analysis. We tested the proposed estimation technique on the NIST 2006 speaker recognition evaluation data and obtained 10%-15% reductions in error rates on the core condition and the extended data condition (as measured both by equal error rates and the NIST detection cost function). We show that when a large joint factor analysis model is trained in this way and tested on the core condition, the extended data condition and the cross-channel condition, it is capable of performing at least as well as fusions of multiple systems of other types. (The comparisons are based on the best results on these tasks that have been reported in the literature.) In the case of the cross-channel condition, a factor analysis model with 300 speaker factors and 200 channel factors can achieve equal error rates of less than 3.0%. This is a substantial improvement over the best results that have previously been reported on this task.     

层次短语翻译中基于Markov 随机场的层次切分模型

翻译推导的切分歧义是统计机器翻译面临的一个很重要的问题,而在层次短语机器翻译中,其尤为突出.提出了一个层次切分模型来处理推导的切分歧义性.采用Markov随机场构建模型,然后将其融入层次短语翻译模型,以便自动选择更合理的切分.在NIST中英翻译的任务中,该模型的训练效率高,通过NIST05,NIST06和NIST08这3个测试集上的翻译效果表明,该模型提高了层次短语翻译的性能.