15％乐斯本颗粒剂防治甘蔗害虫田间药效试验

15％乐斯本颗粒剂对甘蔗害虫具有良好的防治效果。3－5月份结合甘蔗松、培土,施15％乐斯本颗粒剂1．00、1．33、1.67kg/667m^2,对蔗龟防效达88．4％以上,对蔗螟的防效在80％左右,可做为蔗龟、蔗螟防治中的轮换用药。田间使用以1．00－1．33kg/667m^2为宜。     

几种除草剂对苹果砧木海棠幼苗的安全性评价

针对目前生产需要果树苗田化学除草,选用生产上常用的8种土壤处理除草剂进行温室盆栽安全性试验。结果表明,不同药剂对苹果砧木西府海棠（Malus micromalus)幼苗的安全性不同,其中60％丁草胺150ml,667m^2、72％异丙甲草胺200—250ml／667m^2、41％甲草胺200ml／667m^2在海棠播后苗前施药安全。33％二甲戊乐灵150ml／667m^2和48％氟乐灵100-150ml／667m^2在海棠5叶期施药比较安全。     

10%吡虫啉可湿性粉剂防治甘蔗绵蚜田间药效试验

１０％吡虫啉可湿性粉剂对甘蔗绵蚜具有良好的防治效果。３０００，４０００，６０００倍的田间防效１－１４天均在９４．７％以上，可做为甘蔗绵蚜防治中的轮换用药。田间使用浓度以４０００－５０００倍为宜。     

高剂量噁唑禾草灵对麦田大龄杂草药效及安全性

应用高剂量的噁唑禾草灵 安全剂防除麦田大龄禾本科杂草硬草和日本看麦娘。结果表明。用量在90ml／667m^2。总防效达97．2％。用药量≥100ml／667m^2时，防效达100％。对小麦的药害试验表明，。恶唑禾草灵用量在100ml／667m^2以下。药后15d及30d，对小麦生长基本无影响。     

5种杀虫剂防治甘蔗绵蚜田间药效试验

本文报道了５种农药，１１个处理防治甘蔗绵蚜的田间药效试验结果。丁硫克百威，甲基硫环磷２０００，３０００，５０００倍的田间防效３－１４天均在９９５以上，可做为甘蔗绵蚜防治中的轮换用药、田间使用浓度以３０００－５０００倍为宜。     

5％啶虫脒．高氯乳油防治桃蚜的效果

5％啶虫脒．高氯乳油对桃蚜具有良好的效治效果,田间用量为35－45ml/667m^2时,7天的在87．7％以上,是防治桃蚜的优良药剂。     

22%毒死蜱·吡虫啉乳油防治苹果绵蚜效果好

22 %毒死蜱·吡虫啉乳油对苹果绵蚜有良好的防治效果 ,以 15 0 0～ 2 0 0 0倍稀释液喷施 ,2 5天防效在 92 %以上 ,是防治苹果绵蚜的优良药剂     

5%咪草烟在花生田的应用

5％咪草烟在40、60、80、120、160ml／667m^2剂量下对单双子叶杂草防效均比较好，对马唐、稗草、狗尾草等禾本科杂草的总防效在80％～95％，对阔叶杂草的防效在85％-96％，5％咪草烟除草效果和混剂(咪草烟40 灭草敌100ml／667m^2，咪草烟40 烯草酮25ml／667m^2)基本一致。5％咪草烟对花生比较安全，安全剂量在80ml／667m^2以下。     

2％绿星乳油防治小菜蛾、菜蚜试验

进行了2％绿星乳油防治小菜蛾[Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus)、菜蚜[Brevicoryne brassicae(Linnaeus)]，包括萝卜蚜和桃蚜的试验：结果表明，2％绿星乳油40－60ml／667m^2对该虫具有较好防效，防效在84．31％－96．73％，且对蔬菜安全。     

30％丁醚脲乳油防治十字花科蔬菜小菜蛾田间药效试验

30％丁醚脲乳油对十字花科蔬菜小菜蛾具有优良的防治效果。以30％丁醚脲乳油80mL／667m^2-100mL／667m^2，亩施药液60kg，在小菜蛾幼虫2～3龄期且为发生高峰期施药，防治效果达到80％以上。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。