护理干预措施对PTCA术风险的影响

目的探讨护理干预措施在PTCA术前后的实施效果。方法对48例行PTCA术的冠心病患者采取术前心理干预、饮食等及术后生命体征监测,血管并发症的预防和观察、抗凝及用药指导等一系列干预措施。结果通过对行PTCA患者采取术前、术后护理干预,提高了PTCA手术成功率。结论对PTCA采取术前、术后护理干预能提高PTCA手术成功率,减少并发症。     

降低浮选精煤水分的实验研究

针对芦岭煤矿选煤厂浮选精煤水分较高的问题,对沉降离心机采取了降低溢流堰高度、提高离心机转速、减少入料量、入料加清水等措施,对压滤机采取了延长入料时间、增加压榨次数等办法,可有效降低浮选精煤水分。     

保障二氧化碳压缩机长周期运行的措施

简要介绍为保障二氧化碳压缩机长周期安全稳定运行所采取的措施,包括保证二氧化碳气体的纯度、压力及提高冷却效率、加强操作检查、维修等方面的管理和提高人员技术水平等。     

煤制甲醇节水技术分析

分析研究了国内煤制甲醇节水技术现状,目前采取的节水措施主要集中在重复利用工业用水(循环水和蒸汽冷凝液回收)、改善煤气化装置(干法除尘、提高蒸汽分解率等)、废水处理技术(废水阶梯利用、提高循环水浓缩倍数等)以及设备防漏、快速堵漏修复技术等方面,但是与国外相比仍有很大差距,尚有很大节水潜力,因此亟需从技术和工程方面创新,采取切实可行的措施,推进工业节水进程。     

双氧水装置钯催化剂使用中有关问题探讨

蒽醌法双氧水生产过程中，对钯催化剂采取蒸汽再生、溶液浸泡、提高固定床工作液循环量等措施，提高系统氢化效率，增加产品产量。     

临涣选煤厂提高尾煤浓缩压滤系统生产效率和节水实践

临涣选煤厂调整了尾煤浓缩系统的加药方式,采取分别添加氯化钙和絮凝剂的方式,有效提高了浓缩效率;通过控制煤泥压滤机入料浓度、入料压力,并采用分组入料等方式,提高了压滤效率;同时,选煤厂采取多项有效的节水保障措施,有效节约了水资源。     

南昌市机动车排气污染及其防治措施研究

全面分析南昌市机动车排气污染现状,并对南昌市所采取的防治措施的有效性进行研究。发现,采取机动车尾号限行、黄标车限行、提高准入标准等措施能显著降低机动车排气污染物的排放,实现了环境空气质量的明显改善。     

汽轮发电机组凝汽器真空度低原因分析及处理

对18MW汽轮发电机组凝汽器真空度低的原因进行分析,采取清洗凝汽器、恢复水循环通道、检修两级抽气器等措施,有效提高凝汽器真空度,改善机组运行工况,提高经济效益。     

乙醇胺生产的先进技术

本文介绍国外生产乙醇胺的先进工程技术，对产品变色问题、提高产品中单乙醇胺比例及降低能耗、提高经济效益等提出了应采取的措施。     

提高煤焦油萃取率的探讨

开发出了煤焦油低温分离的新工艺路线和煤焦油分离设备,为提高煤焦油萃取率,从溶剂质量、煤焦油特性、操作温度等几方面进行分析,并采取优化措施,提高了煤焦油萃取率。     

几种杀虫剂对草坪害虫的控制效果

测定了绿僵菌、毒死蜱、辛硫磷等药剂对草坪害虫的控制效果。结果表明绿僵菌、毒死蜱和辛硫磷都是防治草坪地下害虫的有效药剂，毒死蜱和辛硫磷还能有效防治草坪茎叶害虫禾灰翅夜蛾和斜纹夜蛾等。药后45d，绿僵菌对铜绿丽金龟幼虫蛴螬的防效和对地下害虫的总防效分别为91．2％和87．6％。绿僵菌对茎叶害虫的防效较差，药后3、7、10d时，对禾灰翅夜蛾的防效分别为3．7％、9．2％和18．9％；对茎叶害虫的总防效在12．2％以下。辛硫磷和毒死蜱药后3d对禾灰翅夜蛾的防效分别是93．7％和97．6％；对茎叶害虫的总防效分别是92．0％和93．6％。当高效氯氰菊酯分别和辛硫磷、毒死蜱混用防治斜纹夜蛾时，防效更高、速效性更好。     

Association of body segments and body composition with blood pressure in young adults

Skeletal structure and body composition may be altered permanently in response to aggressions during critical periods of growth. This increases propensity to adverse effects in adulthood. The study explored the association of anthropometric variables of body size and proportions and of body composition with systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure (BP) in young adults. We studied 166 men and 246 women age 20-34. SBP, DBP, weight, stature, sitting height, circumferences (waist, hip), breadths (biacromial, biiliac) and skinfolds (bicipital, tricipital, subscapular, suprailiac) were assessed. BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist-stature ratio, and Sigma skinfolds-stature were calculated. Pearson correlations were determined for anthropometric variables with SBP and DBP and linear regression models for SBP and DBP were developed by sex. Correlation coefficients between indicators and BP were significant, except for stature and SBP and DPB, and WHR with DBP in women; and stature with DBP, biiliac breadth and WHR with SBP, and sitting height with SBP and DPB in men. SBP and DPB were explained by weight, BMI, and biiliac breadth in multivariable analysis in women, where 15.4% and 10.8% of variance of SBP and DPB was explained. In men, SBP was explained by weight, Sigma skinfolds and WHR, and DBP by Sigma skinfolds; models explained almost 20% of SBP and DPB variance. No association was found between BP and past malnutrition indicators. Biiliac breadth, weight and BMI in women, and weight, WHR and Sigma skinfolds in men explained BP. The use of biiliac breadth in the assessment of hypertension risk in women should be explored further.     

建筑陶瓷装饰技术的现状及发展趋势

简要介绍了建筑陶瓷领域、日用陶瓷和工艺美术陶瓷领域装饰技术的最新进展,着重介绍了引领陶瓷装饰技术发展和最新潮流的意大利、西班牙在这方面的水平和成果,他们为开放的中国从世界陶瓷大国尽快过渡到世界陶瓷强国提供了借鉴和方向。装饰技术的总体水平包括设计、装饰技法、装饰工艺、装饰材料和装饰机械装备等几大方面,其中设计是龙头,它应包括产品的图案设计、造型设计、色彩的搭配、产品的应用及展示设计等多个方面;装饰技法包括平面装饰和立体装饰、平铺和点缀、多种装饰材料的交替和组合应用等;装饰工艺包括布料(多管布料、多次布料、随机布料、微粉和干粒布料),丝网印刷(平面丝网印刷、辊筒印刷、胶辊印刷),各种施釉工艺,抛光,柔抛,釉抛和半釉抛工艺,磨边和水刀切割,拼花工艺等;装饰材料有各种色料、成釉、金属釉、干粒、印油、渗花液、喷墨印刷用耗材等;装饰机械装备包括各种装饰机械和工模具。     

A review of liquid silicone rubber injection molding: Process variables and process modeling

Liquid silicone rubber (LSR) is an elastomer molded into critical performance components for applications in medical, power, consumer, automotive, and aerospace applications. This article reviews process behavior, material modeling, and simulation of the (LSR) injection molding process. Each phase of the LSR injection molding process is discussed, including resin handling, plastication, injection, pack and hold, and curing; and factors affecting the molding process are reviewed. Processing behavior of LSR is marked by transient interactions between curing, shear rate, temperature, pressure, and tooling. Therefore, current LSR models for curing, viscosity, pressure, and temperature are discussed. Process dynamics and material modeling are combined in LSR injection molding simulations with applications in mold design, troubleshooting process-induced defects, and management of shear stress and non-uniform temperatures between LSR and substrates during overmolding. Finally, case studies using commercial simulation software are presented, which have shown cavity pressure and flow front advancement within 3% of experimental values. Optimization of LSR materials, data collection, model fitting, venting, and bonding remain areas of continued interest.     

Graphene-Based Sensors for the Detection of Bioactive Compounds: A Review

Over the last years, different nanomaterials have been investigated to design highly selective and sensitive sensors, reaching nano/picomolar concentrations of biomolecules, which is crucial for medical sciences and the healthcare industry in order to assess physiological and metabolic parameters. The discovery of graphene (G) has unexpectedly impulsed research on developing cost-effective electrode materials owed to its unique physical and chemical properties, including high specific surface area, elevated carrier mobility, exceptional electrical and thermal conductivity, strong stiffness and strength combined with flexibility and optical transparency. G and its derivatives, including graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), are becoming an important class of nanomaterials in the area of optical and electrochemical sensors. The presence of oxygenated functional groups makes GO nanosheets amphiphilic, facilitating chemical functionalization. G-based nanomaterials can be easily combined with different types of inorganic nanoparticles, including metals and metal oxides, quantum dots, organic polymers, and biomolecules, to yield a wide range of nanocomposites with enhanced sensitivity for sensor applications. This review provides an overview of recent research on G-based nanocomposites for the detection of bioactive compounds, providing insights on the unique advantages offered by G and its derivatives. Their synthesis process, functionalization routes, and main properties are summarized, and the main challenges are also discussed. The antioxidants selected for this review are melatonin, gallic acid, tannic acid, resveratrol, oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, tocopherol, ascorbic acid, and curcumin. They were chosen owed to their beneficial properties for human health, including antibiotic, antiviral, cardiovascular protector, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, neuroprotective, antiageing, antidegenerative, and antiallergic capacity. The sensitivity and selectivity of G-based electrochemical and fluorescent sensors are also examined. Finally, the future outlook for the development of G-based sensors for this type of biocompounds is outlined.     

Quantitative expression of C-type lectin receptors in humans and mice

C-type lectin receptors and their adaptor molecules are involved in the recognition of glycosylated self-antigens and pathogens. However, little is known about the species- and organ-specific expression profiles of these molecules. We therefore determined the mRNA expression levels of Dectin-1, MR1, MR2, DC-SIGN, Syk, Card-9, Bcl-10, Malt-1, Src, Dec-205, Galectin-1, Tim-3, Trem-1, and DAP-12 in 11 solid organs of human and mice. Mouse organs revealed lower mRNA levels of most molecules compared to spleen. However, Dec-205 and Galectin-1 in thymus, Src in brain, MR2, Card-9, Bcl-10, Src, and Dec-205 in small intestine, MR2, Bcl-10, Src, Galectin-1 in kidney, and Src and Galectin-1 in muscle were at least 2-fold higher expressed compared to spleen. Human lung, liver and heart expressed higher mRNA levels of most genes compared to spleen. Dectin-1, MR1, Syk and Trem-1 mRNA were strongly up-regulated upon ischemia-reperfusion injury in murine kidney. Tim3, DAP-12, Card-9, DC-SIGN and MR2 were further up-regulated during renal fibrosis. Murine kidney showed higher DAP-12, Syk, Card-9 and Dectin-1 mRNA expression during the progression of lupus nephritis. Thus, the organ-, and species-specific expression of C-type lectin receptors is different between mice and humans which must be considered in the interpretation of related studies.     

The Emerging Roles of Chromogranins and Derived Polypeptides in Atherosclerosis,Diabetes, and Coronary Heart Disease

Chromogranin A (CgA), B (CgB), and C (CgC), the family members of the granin glycoproteins, are associated with diabetes. These proteins are abundantly expressed in neurons, endocrine, and neuroendocrine cells. They are also present in other areas of the body. Patients with diabetic retinopathy have higher levels of CgA, CgB, and CgC in the vitreous humor. In addition, type 1 diabetic patients have high CgA and low CgB levels in the circulating blood. Plasma CgA levels are increased in patients with hypertension, coronary heart disease, and heart failure. CgA is the precursor to several functional peptides, including catestatin, vasostatin-1, vasostatin-2, pancreastatin, chromofungin, and many others. Catestatin, vasostain-1, and vasostatin-2 suppress the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in human vascular endothelial cells. Catestatin and vasostatin-1 suppress oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced foam cell formation in human macrophages. Catestatin and vasostatin-2, but not vasostatin-1, suppress the proliferation and these three peptides suppress the migration in human vascular smooth muscles. Chronic infusion of catestatin, vasostatin-1, or vasostatin-2 suppresses the development of atherosclerosis of the aorta in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Catestatin, vasostatin-1, vasostatin-2, and chromofungin protect ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial dysfunction in rats. Since pancreastatin inhibits insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells, and regulates glucose metabolism in liver and adipose tissues, pancreastatin inhibitor peptide-8 (PSTi8) improves insulin resistance and glucose homeostasis. Catestatin stimulates therapeutic angiogenesis in the mouse hind limb ischemia model. Gene therapy with secretoneurin, a CgC-derived peptide, stimulates postischemic neovascularization in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, and improves diabetic neuropathy in db/db mice. Therefore, CgA is a biomarker for atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension, and coronary heart disease. CgA- and CgC--derived polypeptides provide the therapeutic target for atherosclerosis and ischemia-induced tissue damages. PSTi8 is useful in the treatment of diabetes.     

Flame-retardant brominated styrene-based polymers. X. Dibromostyrene grafted latexes

This paper describes the synthesis, characterization, and some applications of flame-retardant dibromostyrene grafted latexes. These latexes are synthesized by an emulsion polymerization technique. One of the prime factors to be considered in the choice of a commercial latex or a latex blend to be grafted is the glass transition temperature(s) of the polymer(s) in the final latex desired. The graft latexes were characterized in terms of glass transition temperature, solids content, bromine content, grafted dibromostyrene content, and flame retardancy. They are useful for a wide range of applications, including fabric backcoatings, carpetings, paints, adhesives, sealants, caulks, nonwoven binders, etc. Presented at the 23rd Annual Waterborne, High-Solids, and Powder Coatings Symposium, on February 14–16, 1996, in New Orleans, LA P.O. Box 2200, West Lafayette, IN 47906. NICK A. FAVSTRITSKY is Manager of Polymers Research at Great Lakes Chemical Corporation. Dr. Favstristky received the B.S. Degree from the University of California-Berkeley, M.S. Degree from Yale, and Ph.D. from Oregon State. Prior to joining Great Lakes in 1984, he had extensive industrial R & D experience in product and process development as a research scientist and technical manager. Dr. Favstritsky carried out research in catalysis, oxidation, hydrogenation, polyester synthesis, polyester waste recovery, continuous emulsion polymerization, liquid crystal polymers, epoxy resins, and textile and tire cord fiber development. While at Great Lakes, Dr. Favstritsky and his team have been active in developing new flame retardant, polymer additives, novel coatings, water treatment chemicals, specialty monomers, and polymers. He has published more than 12 papers in the dibromostyrene-based products and (co)authored more than 35 U.S. patents and a large number of foreign patents. JIN-LIANG WANG is Project Leader at Great Lakes Chemical Corporation. Dr. Wang received the diploma in Chemical Engineering from the Taipei Institute of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan in 1958, and M.S. Degree in Physical Organic Chemistry from Kent State University in 1966 and the Ph.D. Degree in Polymer Chemistry from the Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science at the University of Akron in 1971. He joined the Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company in 1966 as Research Chemist. During Dr. Wang’s 21-year career with Goodyear, he worked on synthesis, characterization, and application of latexes, rubber, plastics and resins, chemical modification of natural and synthetic rubber and latex, synthesis of isoprene oligomers and metathesis of olefins. Dr. Wang joined Great Lakes in 1988 and his current research involves new flame-retardant latexes and polymers, compatibilizers, impact modifiers, polymer additives, block polymers, and UV stabilized polymers. He has published 23 papers and granted 13 U.S. patents with a number of foreign patents.     

Federal regulations applicable to the fatty acid industry

Recent legislation including the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the Occupational Safety and Health Act, the Solid Waste Disposal Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, and, especially, the Toxic Substances Control Act, is having a great impact on chemical manufacturers. The burgeoning maze of rules, regulations, policy statements, implementing these acts imposes serious obligations on all those engaged in fatty acid manufacture, processing, distribution, and research and development. The Manufacturing and Processing Notices, Sec. 5, and Reporting and Retention of Information, Sec. 8, requirements of TSCA, require extensive recordkeeping and reporting, and will affect industry’s development of new products and significant new uses of products. The status of fatty chemicals on the inventory of existing chemicals and the SDA efforts in the listing of premanufacture notification are extremely important to all segments of the fatty acid and derivative industries.     

纺织品涂料印染技术的现状和发展（一）

涂料印花和染色是纺织品推行清洁加工技术,实施可持续发展的关键,当前备受关注,该文介绍了涂料印染技术的优缺点,及与涂料的类别、结构、性能的关系。例如：颜料的物理性能（颜料的颗粒大小、分布、颜料结晶、颜料颗粒表面的极性、电荷等）与颜料的强度（着色力和色光、遮盖率和透明度、分散稳定性和加工性能、印染牢度等）的关系。特别指出加工和控制这些性能的重要性,结合我国涂料印染技术的现状,需要发展一些新型涂料品种和推广印染新技术。