表面形貌对定向氧化锌阵列场致发射性能的影响

采用热蒸发的方法生长不同形貌的ZnO纳米材料。通过调节反应温度和氧气流量,生长了梳状ZnO ,ZnO纳米针和ZnO纳米柱状。场致发射测试结果表明一维纳米ZnO材料的表明形貌对其开启电场和发射电流有很大的影响。ZnO纳米柱阵列的开启电场最低,电流密度最大。这是由于它与衬底的良好接触以及较弱的场屏蔽效应。实验结果表明ZnO纳米柱阵列是一种优良的场致发射器件的冷阴极材料。     

ZnO纳米棒的低温生长及光致发光性能

采用化学溶液沉积法在ITO导电玻璃上制备近一维ZnO纳米棒. 利用X射线衍射（XRD) 、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和光致发光谱（PL）对样品进行表征,研究了不同Zn2+摩尔浓度和不同生长时间对样品的结构、形貌和光致发光性能的影响. 结果表明,所制备的ZnO纳米棒为纤锌矿结构并沿c轴择优取向生长. 另外,随着Zn2+摩尔浓度的增加,纳米棒的直径增大. 当Zn2+摩尔浓度为0.1M时,ZnO纳米棒的直径和长度都随生长时间的增加而增加. PL测试表明,样品均具有良好的发光性能,并且ZnO纳米棒的结晶质量随着Zn2+摩尔浓度和生长时间的增加均有所提高.     

ZnO纳米棒的低温制备及表征

以硝酸锌、氨水为原料,采用低温水浴法在不同的温度下大规模制备了团簇状ZnO纳米棒,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDX)、X射线衍射(XRD)、室温光致发光(PL)等手段对ZnO纳米棒进行了表征.SEM结果表明,环境温度对ZnO的形貌和性质有很大的影响,随着温度增加,ZnO长径比越来越大,当温度为90℃时ZnO的平均直径100 nm,长度约为5 μm;EDX和XRD图谱表明,ZnO纳米棒是高纯的六角纤锌矿结构;对90℃条件下制备的ZnO进行光致发光性能测试,观察到波长位于423 nm附近有较强的蓝光发射.     

锌衬底上直接生长密度可调的氧化锌纳米棒阵列和场发射特性

在锌衬底上制备了取向生长、形貌各异、不同密度的氧化锌纳米棒阵列.研究发现,氧化锌纳米棒在温度低于70℃、适量的碱性溶液、大气压下能够在锌衬底上大规模制备,并且氧化锌纳米棒的直径,在锌衬底上的密度和形貌完全依赖于氢氧化钠和硝酸锌的浓度.场发射测试表明:氧化锌纳米棒阵列开启电场较低(电流密度达1μA/cm2时场强仅为3.8 V/μm),显示了氧化锌纳米棒阵列在场发射方面的潜在应用.     

ZnO微球的自组装及其发光性能研究

采用水热法合成了不同形貌的ZnO微球,利用XRD、TG-DSC、FT-IR、PL和SEM等分析了水热产物及其焙烧产物的形貌、结构和光致发光性能.结果表明,水热温度及焙烧过程对产物有显著影响,随着水热温度的升高,水热产物的形貌逐步由牡丹花状向鹅卵石状转变,经600℃焙烧1h后得到形貌各异、直径10～20 μm的ZnO微球,其中水热温度较低的ZnO微球为细纳米片组成的海胆状,水热温度较高的为ZnO纳米棒组装成的鹅卵石状.PL分析表明不同形貌的ZnO微球均具有绿光发射特性.     

ZnO纳米棒的图形化生长及其场发射特性

介绍了用氢离子注入技术和阳极腐蚀方法在硼掺杂p-(100)型硅晶片上制备图形化的纳米硅(SiNC)薄膜工艺，并在这种图形化衬底上成功生长了图形化的ZnO纳米棒. 场发射测试表明制备的ZnO纳米棒具有良好的场发射性能，即具有较低的开启电场和阈值电场，较高的发射点密度.     

热氧化法制备ZnO纳米棒及其结构表征

在无催化剂条件下,采用热蒸发Zn源,以N2为载气体,在SiO2衬底上反应沉积制备出单晶氧化锌纳米棒。XRD研究表明纳米棒为结晶完好的纤锌矿结构,并且为非定向生长,非定向生长的氧化锌纳米棒减弱了棒之间的屏蔽效应,表现出较好的场发射效果,为未来场发射电子器件的实际应用提供了可靠依据。     

Surface Wettability of Nanostructured Zinc Oxide Films

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanograin and nanorod films were prepared by magnetron sputter deposition and an aqueous solution growth method. Their surface wettability was studied in relation to their surface morphologies. While the surfaces of both films were hydrophobic, the nanorod films exhibited higher surface hydrophobicity. A superhydrophobic surface was obtained on a ZnO nanorod film with a water contact angle of 151 deg. Results have shown that their surface wettability was influenced by the morphology of ZnO nanostructures, including the grain size, the length, and density of nanorods. Both types of ZnO films showed switchable wettability under ultraviolet irradiation and dark storage.     

掺杂浓度对Co掺杂ZnO纳米棒的铁磁性的影响

采用化学气相沉积(CVD)方法制备出3种掺杂浓度的Co掺杂ZnO纳米棒。使用EDX(en-ergy dispersive X-ray)能谱,测得3种ZnO纳米棒中Co元素的掺杂浓度分别为0.4、1.4和2.4%。X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明,三个样品均为ZnO的六方铅锌矿结构,并沿着c轴取向择优生长。磁化曲线显示,掺杂浓度为0.4%的Co掺杂ZnO纳米棒为顺磁性,随着掺杂浓度的增大,Co掺杂ZnO纳米棒转变为铁磁性。扩展X射线吸收精细结构谱表明,Co掺杂ZnO纳米棒的铁磁性源于ZnO纳米棒中的Co金属团簇。     

Evolution of ZnO nanostructures on silicon substrate by vapor-solid mechanism: Structural and optical properties

ZnO nanostructures with different morphologies and sizes were synthesized on silicon substrate simply by the thermal evaporation of high-purity metallic zinc powder in the presence of oxygen without the use of any catalyst or additives. It was observed that the substrate temperature and the distance of the substrate from the source material play a critical role to determine the morphologies and sizes of the deposited structures. Scanning electron microscopic observations revealed that different types of nano- and microstructures, such as ZnO pyramid-shaped nanotowers, nanowires attached with the sheet-like structures, nanorods, microcages, and microtubes were obtained at different temperature zones with specific distances of the substrate from the source material. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction studies confirm that the deposited products are single crystalline with wurtzite hexagonal structures. The room-temperature photoluminescence spectra of all the deposited structures displayed a strong near-band-edge emission with negligible green emission.     

Well‐Aligned ZnO Nanorods via Hydrogen Treatment of ZnO Films

The formation of well‐aligned ZnO nanorods has been achieved via H₂ treatment of as‐grown ZnO films. Structural analyses reveal that the ZnO nanorods on the ZnO films are preferentially oriented along the c‐axis direction and exhibit a single‐crystalline wurtzite structure. To investigate the mechanism of formation of ZnO nanorods on the film, further H₂ treatment of the as‐grown ZnO nanorods was performed. Thinner and longer ZnO nanorods were obtained after certain periods of H₂ treatment. It is proposed that both etching and re‐deposition processes are taking place during the process, resulting in the aspect‐ratio enhancement of the ZnO nanorods and the formation of ZnO nanorods on the ZnO films. It is suggested that an appropriate concentration of the etching products remaining from the initial rod‐forming H₂ treatment allows subsequent re‐deposition of the ZnO nanorods with enhanced differentiation of the growth rates on the 〈001〉 and 〈100〉 crystal facets.     

电化学方法生长有序纳米柱阵列的发光性质

采用电化学方法在磁控溅射方法生长的ZnO薄膜上生长垂直于衬底排列的ZnO纳米柱.ZnO薄膜的作用主要是为ZnO纳米柱的生长提供同质外延层.电化学生长的ZnO纳米柱具有良好的晶体质量和发光性能.通过研究其变温发光光谱可以确定其紫外发光峰来自于带边激子的辐射复合.此种方法生长的ZnO纳米柱在场发射显示、蓝紫色和白光发光二极管方面有潜在的应用前景.     

Aligned arrays of zinc oxide nanorods on silicon substrates

Experimental data on the elemental vapor-phase synthesis of aligned arrays of ZnO nanorods on Si substrates are summarized. A model of the self-catalytic growth of ZnO nanorods via the vapor-liquid-crystal mechanism, in which liquid Zn droplets serve as a catalyst for oriented growth, is presented. The method developed in the study provides a means for the deposition of aligned arrays of ZnO nanorods onto differently oriented Si substrates without the preliminary deposition of a metal catalyst film or a thin layer of ZnO nuclei. The influence of various factors on the growth rate, dimensions, shape, and ordering of ZnO nanorods is considered. The ZnO nanorods produced in the study are high-purity single crystals with a low content of point defects and, thus, are suitable for practical use in optoelectronics as well as in sensor and microsystem technologies.     

热氧化磁控溅射金属锌膜制备ZnO纳米棒

利用射频磁控溅射技术在Si(111)衬底上制备金属锌膜 ,在空气中退火热氧化合成了一维ZnO纳米棒。用X射线衍射 (XRD) ,扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) ,透射电子显微镜 (TEM)和光致发光谱 (PL)对样品进行了结构、形貌及光学特性分析。结果表明 :ZnO纳米棒为六方纤锌矿结构单晶相 ,直径在 30～ 6 0nm左右 ,其长度可达5～ 8μm左右。在 2 80nm波长光激发下 ,有很强的 372nm带边紫外光发射和较微弱的 5 16nm深能级绿光发射 ,说明合成的单晶ZnO纳米棒的质量较高     

ZnO纳米棒与Si(111)和Si(100)衬底的外延关系(英文)

运用热蒸发技术在Si(111)和Si(100)基片上制备了ZnO纳米棒。SEM表征显示,ZnO纳米棒的直径约100nm,长度均匀,大约3μm;XRD表征发现ZnO纳米棒沿[0001]晶向择优生长。通过实验结果与理论分析得出:对于Si(111)基片上的样品,大部分ZnO纳米棒沿6个对称方向生长,而且与基片之间的夹角为54.7°,ZnO与Si(111)的外延关系为[0001]ZnO‖[114]Si,[0001]ZnO‖[4]Si,[0001]ZnO‖[141]Si,[0001]ZnO‖[4]Si,[0001]ZnO‖[411]Si,或[0001]ZnO‖[4]Si。对于Si(100)基片上的样品,大部分ZnO纳米棒沿4个对称方向生长,与基片之间的夹角为70.5°,其外延关系为[0001]ZnO‖[114]Si,[0001]ZnO‖[4]Si,[0001]ZnO‖[14]Si,或[0001]ZnO‖[14]Si。通过比较分析得出Si基片可以控制ZnO纳米棒的生长方向。     

两步法生长ZnO纳米棒的结构及其发光特性

应用两步法在玻璃衬底上制备了高度取向的ZnO纳米棒,并研究了衬底和反应时间等参数对其结构及发光特性的影响。从样品的扫描电镜(SEM)图中发现,利用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)方法在玻璃衬底上生长一层ZnO薄膜作为修饰层,可以明显提高水热法生长的ZnO纳米棒的结晶质量。样品的SEM和光致发光(PL)谱表明,在有ZnO修饰层的玻璃衬底上生长的ZnO纳米棒分布均匀,排列致密,取向性好;缺陷发光的发光强度约是激子发光峰的2倍,且随着反应时间增长,样品的缺陷发光增强而激子发光减弱。     

热氧化磁控溅射金属锌膜合成一维ZnO纳米棒

利用退火热氧化射频磁控溅射金属锌膜的方法在Si(111)衬底上制备了一维ZnO纳米棒,同时用多种测试手段对样品的晶体结构、表面形貌和光学性能进行了研究.XRD,SEM和TEM的测试结果表明,ZnO纳米棒为单晶相六方纤锌矿结构,呈头簪状向外发散生长,直径在30～60nm左右,其长度可达几μm.PL谱测试结果表明:在波长为280nm光的激发下,在372nm处有强的近带边紫外光发射和516nm处的较微弱深能级绿光发射.说明合成的一维ZnO纳米棒的结晶质量和光学性能优良.     

Influence of ammonia concentration on the microstructure,electrical and raman properties of low temperature chemical bath deposited ZnO nanorods

Nanostructured zinc oxide synthesized using an easy and low temperature chemical bath deposition method are among the most promising low cost semiconducting nanostructures investigated for a variety of applications. We successfully report the effects of ammonia solution in the growth of ZnO nanorods at a temperature of 60 °C. Successive addition of ammonia altered the degree of supersaturation of the growth solution, causing a significant deviation in the morphology and crystal orientation of ZnO nanorods. Field emission scanning Electron Microscopy images revealed changes in surface morphology of ZnO nanorods with respect to addition of specific amounts of ammonia. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed wurtzite crystal structure of ZnO which was further supported by X-ray photoelectron studies, optical absorbance and Raman spectra that also revealed the existence of wurtzite ZnO. The current-voltage measurement showed the electrical properties of the synthesized ZnO nanorods. The vertically grown nanorods with flat tops, effect more rectifying Schottky contacts to be realized on comparison to needle like structures.     

溶液浓度对ZnO纳米棒形貌和发光的影响

为了获取高质量、高取向排列规则的ZnO纳米棒,玻璃衬底预先用脉冲激光沉积方法制备一层ZnO薄膜作为籽晶层,应用水热法在玻璃衬底上生长ZnO纳米棒。探究了籽晶层及不同溶液浓度对ZnO纳米棒结构和发光的影响,用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪测量样品的形貌和结构,用组建的光致发光测试系统对样品的室温光致发光光谱进行测定。结果表明,ZnO纳米棒具有高度取向且分布致密均匀;光致发光光谱显示ZnO的近带边发射比深能级发光略低;随着溶液浓度的增加,近带边发光和深能级发光相对强度的比值依次降低。     

热氧化磁控溅射金属锌膜合成一维ZnO纳米棒

利用退火热氧化射频磁控溅射金属锌膜的方法在Si(111)衬底上制备了一维Zn O纳米棒,同时用多种测试手段对样品的晶体结构、表面形貌和光学性能进行了研究.XRD,SEM和TEM的测试结果表明,Zn O纳米棒为单晶相六方纤锌矿结构,呈头簪状向外发散生长,直径在30～60 nm左右,其长度可达几μm.PL 谱测试结果表明:在波长为280 nm光的激发下,在372 nm处有强的近带边紫外光发射和516 nm处的较微弱深能级绿光发射.说明合成的一维Zn O纳米棒的结晶质量和光学性能优良