支持概念设计的分布式协同设计环境的研究

一个复杂产品的概念设计往往需要多学科领域专家之间的协同。基于黑板模型 ,本文提出了一个分布式模块化协同设计框架结构。首先分别介绍了支持该框架结构的几个关键技术 ,即产品信息共享模型、设计问题的分布式构模方法以及基于约束的冲突检测方法。然后利用这些框架支持技术以及网络使能技术开发了一个分布式模块化协同设计环境 DCMDE,能有效地支持不同地理位置、不同学科的设计人员进行机械产品的协同概念设计。一个齿轮箱协同方案设计实例显示了系统的有效性     

A task-oriented modular and agent-based collaborative design mechanism for distributed product development

The rapid expansion of enterprises makes product collaborative design （PCD） a critical issue under the distributed heterogeneous environment, but as the collaborative task of large-scale network becomes more complicated, neither unified task decomposition and allocation methodology nor Agent-based network management platform can satisfy the increasing demands. In this paper, to meet requirements of PCD for distributed product development, a collaborative design mechanism based on the thought of modularity and the Agent technology is presented. First, the top-down 4-tier process model based on task-oriented modular and Agent is constructed for PCD after analyzing the mapping relationships between requirements and functions in the collaborative design. Second, on basis of sub-task decomposition for PCD based on a mixed method, the mathematic model of task-oriented modular based on multi-objective optimization is established to maximize the module cohesion degree and minimize the module coupling degree, while considering the module executable degree as a restriction. The mathematic model is optimized and simulated by the modified PSO, and the decomposed modules are obtained. Finally, the Agent structure model for collaborative design is put forward, and the optimism matching Agents are selected by using similarity algorithm to implement different task-modules by the integrated reasoning and decision-making mechanism with the behavioral model of collaborative design Agents. With the results of experimental studies for automobile collaborative design, the feasibility and efficiency of this methodology of task-oriented modular and Agent-based collaborative design in the distributed heterogeneous environment are verified. On this basis, an integrative automobile collaborative R＆D platform is developed. This research provides an effective platform for automobile manufacturing enterprises to achieve PCD, and helps to promote product numeralization collaborative R＆D and management development.     

Conceptual design support system in a collaborative environment for injection moulding

The shortened time-to-market of new products requires experts from multiple disciplines to cooperate in product development. In this collaborative product development environment, an Internet-based conceptual design support system for Injection moulding is developed. It can help designers to put forward feasible design solutions quickly and provide strong support for collaborative design. The architecture, implementation and evaluation of this system are discussed in this paper. The proposed system makes fully use of component-based web technology and has a flexible distributed architecture. A hybrid neural network and genetic algorithm approach is also adopted for more accurate and efficient retrieval. Experiment results indicate it is superior to conventional systems in accuracy and time.     

基于Internet的虚拟制造技术研究

解释了基于Internet的虚拟制造（IVM）的概念,分析了IVM的特点,对IVM的体系结构、虚拟产品建模和分布式协同设计等关键技术进行了研究。提出了基于Internet的虚拟制造系统的6层体系结构,建立了基于框架的松散耦合产品模型,并初步构造了分布式协同设计实验环境。     

基于Web的协同产品配置设计系统模型及实现

结合Web环境下协同配置设计系统的特点及面向对象技术，提出了一个以模块为核心来组织和管理设计对象的协同配置设计系统模型，并分析了其体系结构，为设计者提供一个支持分布式协同配置设计的开放式设计环境，以提高产品质量，缩短开发时间。     

Retrieval of CAD model data based on Web Services for collaborative product development in a distributed environment

Web Services, a distributed component technology based on XML and the Internet, is used for integrating heterogeneous systems under a distributed environment. Since CAD data is used as master data across the lifecycle of a product, it is important to share CAD data efficiently among the systems that are used for collaborative product development in a distributed environment. In this study, the concept of Web Services for CAD (WSC), which provides CAD data when required by organizations participating in the collaborative product development, is introduced. In addition, the technical details of WSC, including the system architecture of WSC, XML-based neutral CAD model, and interface for retrieving CAD model data are discussed. Finally, the implementation of WSC to Pro/ENGINEER and its experimental result are explained.     

基于Web的协同产品设计系统的研究

提出了基于Web的产品协同设计系统的体系结构和实现方法，讨论了基于多Agent的分布式协同控制机制、异构信息源的语义描述以及可视化协同设计面板等关键技术，并实现了系统的原型。     

基于网格门户的产品异地协同设计平台

为支持动态联盟环境下的产品协同设计过程,提出了基于网格门户的产品异地协同设计平台.该平台以抽象的协同设计概念模型为基础,通过开放式网格服务框架,实现联盟实体应用软件集成与设计资源共享.利用基于任务分解结构与最小成本值的调度策略,进行平台项目任务调度;采用可扩展标记语言与轻量级目录访问协议相结合的方法,实现网格资源的描述与发现;以产品开发与管理过程为导向,展示平台对横向与纵向协同设计模式的支持.最后,研究了平台开发的关键技术,并以某型飞机设计项目为例,验证了平台的功能性.     

基于Web的液压系统协同设计系统的研究

综述了协同设计技术的发展,阐述了开展液压系统协同设计的必要性,提出了基于Web的液压系统协同设计系统的体系结构和实现方法,讨论了实现液压系统协同设计的关键技术.     

基于多智能代理的供应链分布式仿真平台体系结构

为支持复杂供应链系统的分析,提出了基于多智能代理的供应链分布式仿真平台框架,分析了平台框架中各层次的内容。给出了支持分布式仿真的多代理交互的协调控制结构。设计了分布仿真时间同步推进模型并给出了时间同步实现步骤。采用模块化的软件设计方法构建了实现分布式仿真平台的类结构,并开发了图形用户界面。最后,对某集成电路生产企业的实际生产过程进行了仿真,结果表明,该仿真平台能够有效支持供应链建模与仿真。     

分布式模块化协同设计方法

提出了一个开放的、分布式的机械性能协同设计环境DCMDE。系统采用了分布式模块技术对设计问题进行构模。一个模块表征一个设计子问题或问题的一个学科方面，每个模块用面向对象技术封装数据和方法，通过Web界面，为用户和其它模块提供服务。各个设计模块在DCMDE中共享产品信息模型中的数据，并通过产品信息模型进行设计信息的通信和交流，保证了协同设计中的产品数据一致性。系统采用了基于信任度的冲突协调方法来协调不同学科之间的目标冲突。一个齿轮箱协同设计实例显示了系统的有效性和实用性。     

面向装配的虚拟协同设计环境研究与实现

为解决网络化异地协同设计过程中实时三维虚拟模型交换和协同设计行为语义传输等问题,以及建立支持实时协同操作动态响应和动态虚拟模型加载的虚拟协同设计环境,通过对协同设计理论、基于虚拟模型的协同设计和虚拟装配进行研究,提出了面向装配的虚拟协同设计环境(VCDEFA),给出了VCDEFA的概念和特征,建立了六层体系结构和功能模型。在原型系统的设计实现过程中,采用了从Pro／E系统中获取虚拟模型;在保证协同设计数据一致性中,采用了数字增量网络传输技术和集中统一管理;在网络通信中,采用了动态可变长报文控制技术。原型系统的实现表明,该体系结构具有良好的实用性,能够满足网络化协同虚拟设计的需求。     

Collaborative design for an assembly via the Internet

This investigation proposes the architecture for a collaborative assembly design to shorten the life cycle in product development stages. The architecture adopts STEP-based data representation and CAD feature extraction to enable the implementation of engineering change over the Internet. The collaborative design framework and design change propagation method, which are key to the proposed architecture, are discussed and implemented. The collaborative design approach can greatly shorten a product’s life cycle and improve the productivity of an enterprise.     

虚拟样机多学科协同设计与仿真平台实现技术

在分析产品协同开发平台的功能框架以及主要协同模式的基础上，深入研究了虚拟样机多学科协同设计与仿真平台的分布式计算模型，及其协同运行管理、协同产品开发资源库管理、分布数据的协同交互管理与系统实现技术。基于COM／DCOM的建模与仿真工具协同、支持仿真联邦管理的数据库设计和CORBA的应用实现技术，开发了原型系统。该系统支持Internet网络环境下各种建模与仿真工具跨平台、分布交互与异构集成，可有效支持复杂产品虚拟样机的协同开发。     

Manufacturing challenges in obtaining tailor-made closed-cell structures in metallic foams

Life cycle engineering design (LCED) is the key and comprehensive technology to realize manufacturing industries’ sustainable development. Its main objective is to support design teams to create products considering the entire product life-cycle from conception through manufacturing and assembly to disassembly, recycling, disposal, and lifecycle assessment. So LCED should be collaboratively implemented among the different departments. This paper puts forward knowledge management architecture of LCED based ontologies and multi-agent system. The definition of the domain-specific ontology, the multi-agent architecture are described. Based on the two concepts, this paper discusses the detailed construction of CAD agents, LCED evaluation agents and knowledge maintenance agents and the system implementation. It can fulfill the concurrent collaborative developing of a product under distributed environments and also meet the requirement of knowledge sharing, interoperability, reusing among the whole lifecycle of product.     

机械设计的分布式构模方法

提出了一个设计问题的分布式构模方法 ,该方法将一个设计问题分解成一系列学科子问题 ,不同领域的专家分别构建各自领域的设计问题模型 ,这些分布式模型通过网络连接可以形成一个集成的协同设计系统。介绍了设计模型的定义、设计模型之间产品信息的交互以及设计模型在网上的实现。最后给出了一个齿轮箱设计问题分布式构模实例 ,显示了分布式构模方法不仅可以实现各领域专家的知识和经验的共享 ,同时可以使一个复杂的设计问题通过分布式模块协同完成。     

协同产品开发环境下项目管理系统的研究

为满足协同产品开发环境对项目管理的需求，结合自行开发的工作流管理系统与工作流仿真系统，提出了一种适合协同产品开发环境的分布式集成项目管理系统体系结构，介绍了系统的主要模块及基本功能。在系统实现过程中，融入了关键链项目管理的方法，提高了项目计划制定的质量。通过信息管理模块的信息发布和实时协同工具，提供了项目管理必要的协同功能，实现了项目管理、工作流和产品数据管理三者的有效集成。在理论研究的基础上，开发了一个适合协同产品开发项目的项目管理系统，并通过应用实例进行了测试验证。     

A distributed product development architecture for engineering collaborations across ubiquitous virtual enterprises

In order to use high-fidelity analysis and design tools at the design stage, designers need to communicate with domain experts and their tools, which may be geographically dispersed over heterogeneous computing platforms. However, technical difficulties and ontological issues such as distributed computing, application integration, and distributed product information sharing impede the collaborative product development. This paper presents a distributed product development architecture for engineering collaborations across ubiquitous virtual enterprises. It provides an integrated framework for product development services to effectively communicate to realize true engineering application integration. The focus of this paper is to address three key issues. One is concerned with product information sharing and synchronization across virtual enterprises. Another is concerned with federations of product development services over the collaborative process. The third is related to the engineering context management using semantic web for providing more human-oriented collaborations services. A case study for developing a mobile phone is shown to validate the implementation of the proposed approach, which gives a great deal of possibilities for supporting a rich set of product development scenarios in ubiquitous environments.     

Reconfigurable modular automation systems for automotive power-train manufacture

This paper describes research towards the realization of reconfigurable modular automated machines and the associated engineering methods and tools necessary to support their lifecycle needs. UK-based research, in collaboration with the Ford Motor Company and several machine builders, has resulted in the development of full-scale prototype reconfigurable modular automation systems for both engine assembly and machining applications. The implementation of an assembly system is featured in this paper. An engineering environment and associated reconfigurable component-based control system architecture have been created aimed at supporting the lifecycle needs of a new generation of agile automated systems, i.e., providing reconfigurable, easily scalable automated machinery. This approach has the potential to fit within a wider collaborative automation strategy where manufacturing systems are implemented as a conglomerate of distributed, autonomous, and reusable units.     

面向CIMS的多数据源互操作与开放分布处理系统———CIMS-MIODP的设计与实现

多数据源互操作与开放分布处理系统ＣＩＭＳ－ＭＩＯＤＰ是采用分布对象互操作与代理技术,实现面向ＣＩＭＳ的基于ＲＰＣ的远程对象访问ＲＯＡ（ＲｅｍｏｔｅＯｂｊｅｃｔＡｃｅｓ）功能和基于ＳＱＬ３的远程数据库访问ＲＤＡ（ＲｅｍｏｔＤａｔａｂａｓｅＡｃｅｓ）功能的系统,为ＣＩＭＳ环境下的信息集成与分布处理提供了不同层次的支持功能。本文讨论了ＣＩＭＳ－ＭＩＯＤＰ系统的主要设计和实现问题,包括基本模型、扩展服务和协议、对ＳＱＬ３的支持、系统实现结构等。