铝活塞金属型底冒口补缩工艺的研究与运用

由金属型重力铸造发展到低压铸造、挤压铸造,活塞的宏观组织和抗拉强度虽然得到很好改善,但不适用于内腔结构复杂、镶钢片(奥氏体铸铁圈)、内冷油道等高技术含量汽车发动机活塞,于是不得不在金属型重力铸造工艺上进行了一系列的改进,由最早的双侧冒口补缩工艺发展到单侧冒口补缩工艺;由活塞顶部向下的侧冒口补缩工艺发展到活塞顶部向上的顶冒口补缩机械下抽芯铸造工艺.经过这一系列的演变,活塞的宏观组织得到很大提高,但需要投入大量资金购置下抽芯铝活塞铸造机,模具制造难度也增加了许多,对顶部铸造成型的活塞不易保证尺寸精度.铝活塞金属型铸造底冒口补缩工艺就是为解决此类问题而产生的.     

AD10合金连杆疏松和硬度偏高的消除

分析了包缝机零件铸铜连杆在生产过程中产生疏松和硬度值偏高的原因,通过采用高温快速熔化和改进冶金工艺与铸造工艺的方法,使铸件硬度值合乎要求及内部组织和加工性能大为改善。     

多热节小件熔模铸造工艺的设计

通过改进ＹＴ４４ 弹簧摇臂的铸造工艺及对Ｙ９７ 弹簧摇臂铸造工艺的类比设计, 缩短补缩通道, 利用直浇道对铸件补缩, 消除了铸件缩孔、缩松缺陷。该工艺对多热节小铸件适应性强, 浇注工艺参数控制范围较宽。     

某铸件铸造工艺改进及其应用

某铸件原铸造工艺为口部朝下，盲孔在上，依靠单独冒口进行补缩盲孔厚大部位，生产效率低、工艺出品率低、铁水利用率低、铸造质量低，各工序环节材料浪费严重。原工艺改进为“无冒口铸造工艺后”．提高了各项性能指标，降低了生产投入成本，提高了生产效率，获得了良好的经济效益。     

先进低成本的铸件浇注和补缩系统设计方法

用实例介绍了一项用于铸造生产的三维模拟技术,通过对金属液充型和凝固过程的数值模拟进行铸造工艺设计,从而在计算机上实现可视铸造过程,能保证既快又省地设计一个优化的铸造工艺.与传统的模数法,经验和试错的工艺设计不同,本模型是用铸件的凝固时间计算补缩系统.从一个铸件凝固模拟开始,根据凝固时间和被补缩的体积,计算冒口和冒口颈的尺寸和数量,再进行铸件加冒口的模拟计算,做必要的修正,直到获得满意的结果,最后根据铸件的临界壁厚、体积、充型速度和浇注温度等参数计算浇注系统.当整个系统设计完成后,模拟计算整个充型和凝固过程以验证设计,做必要的修正,直到获得一个能生产无铸造缺陷铸件的铸造工艺,即保证一次成功生产出合格铸件,节约了时间和成本.     

滚圈挡块焊接工艺的改进

针对φ3m×20m烘干混匀筒运行特点及其滚圈挡块的作用,对其原来的焊接工艺进行了改进.改进工艺后的滚圈挡块不仅弥补了焊缝频繁开裂、寿命短的不足,同时亦可提升滚圈的运行精度,延长烘干混匀筒运转的工作周期,提高设备利用率.     

回转体型铸件转角缺陷产生原因分析与消除措施

某回转体型铸件原铸造工艺采用热冒口压边浇注方法,两个铸件共用同一个热冒口,生产效率和工艺出品率高,但是在铸件转角内壁处易产生铸造缺陷,废品率高达60%～70%。经过分析将铸造工艺改为＂底注式无冒口铸造工艺＂,彻底消除了铸件转角处缺陷,获得了良好的经济效益。     

斯太尔042气室支架铸件的结构改进及其冒口补缩设计

斯太尔042气室支架,材质QT450-10.铸件原重19.5 kg,结构改进后重16 5 kg,其结构如图1.原设计局部部位结构厚大,铸造工艺性差;4处加强筋部影响机械加工和装配.在不影响零件结构强度和使用性能的情况下改进设计,与用户研发部、工艺部、技术部会签了设计图纸,在此基础上改进原铸造工艺,运用均衡凝固模数法设计补缩冒目,经批量生产约11万件验证取得圆满成功.     

回转窑滚圈的铸造质量控制

针对回转窑滚圈在铸造过程中出现的内外圆加工余量不足和砂芯开裂、冲砂等问题进行研究。结果表明,中大型厚壁圆筒类铸件的砂芯制造工艺不但对砂芯的退让性和钢液收缩行为产生着较大的影响,同时还是导致砂芯开裂和冲砂缺陷的主要原因;对于此类铸件,不能仅只依赖现有技术资料和以往的经验来选择铸造收缩率。在实际生产中,通过改进砂芯制造工艺、多次现场实测获得较准确的实际收缩率数据,并修改刮板尺寸等措施,制造出尺寸精度高,无铸造缺陷的滚圈铸坯。     

镁合金消失模铸造压力凝固工艺研究

利用消失模铸造压力凝固技术增强AZ91D镁合金补缩能力,对消失模铸造压力凝固中的加压过程和铸件表面凹陷进行了分析计算,并进行了温度场模拟。结果表明:开始加压时的金属液温度应高于590℃,加压时间应控制在250s内。消失模铸造压力凝固的试样热节处表面易产生凹陷,凹陷量与壁厚成正比。为防止铸件表面产生凹陷,改进了浇注系统,增加了补缩冒口,实现顺序凝固,使凹陷转移至最后凝固的浇注系统和冒口部位,并将该工艺应用于复杂缸盖零件的成形。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.