板材软模成形数值模拟研究现状

分析了板材软模成形数值模拟的特点,对目前主要采用的软模成形数值模拟方法进行了阐述和评价,并对三类典型软模成形(液压成形,橡皮成形及粘性介质压力成形)过程数值模拟应用进行了综述,最后对板材软模成形数值模拟发展趋势进行了展望.     

管件电磁成形数值模拟方法及缩径变形分析

随着电磁成形工艺应用的发展,需要强有力的数值模拟方法来预测成形过程,并用来指导成形系统设计.归纳了现有的电磁成形模拟方法及各自的特点,讨论了模拟中存在的问题和面临的挑战.应用FEM软件ANSYS对铝合金管件电磁缩径成形进行了数值模拟,研究了管件均匀缩径变形规律.变形管坯轮廓验证了电磁缩径成形的模拟结果.     

管材内高压成形多步法数值模拟

利用动态显式有限元程序LS-DYNA,采用多步法和单步法两种方式,以某型号副车架为例,对曲线空心构件的内高压成形过程进行了数值模拟研究,给出了两种方式下副车架内高压成形后的壁厚分布.在模拟的基础上进行弯曲、预成形和内高压成形试验,获得了副车架内高压成形件,给出了典型截面的壁厚分布,并与两种模拟结果进行了比较.结果表明,采用多步法数值模拟技术模拟曲线空心构件的内高压成形过程,考虑了弯曲和预成形对后续的内高压成形过程的影响,模拟结果与试验结果基本吻合,能够更加准确地反映曲线空心构件的内高压成形过程.     

粉末注射成形计算机模拟技术及其应用

介绍了计算机模拟软件在粉末注射成形工艺中的应用,并对注射成形软件的模拟过程进行了描述.举例说明了计算机模拟软件在金属粉末注射成形工艺模拟实际生产中的意义.     

2024 铝合金难成形高锥盒形件充液成形数值模拟

目的解决锥盒形件传统拉深成形十分困难,废品率高,成形质量差的问题。方法介绍了充液成形工艺的2种方式,即主动式充液成形和被动式充液成形,并利用有限元软件Dynaform对各充液成形方案进行了数值模拟。结果通过模拟分析,明确了2种充液成形方式的优缺点,提出了被动式-主动式充液成形方案,并进行了数值模拟验证;合理的预成形凸模圆角大小是A侧长边底部圆角R=40 mm,B侧长边底部圆角R=30 mm,其他底部圆角R=15 mm。结论充液成形技术与传统拉深相比,具有一定的优势;被动式-主动式充液成形方案数值模拟结果良好;预成形形状对终成形有很大的影响,改变预成形凸模圆角可控制各侧补料量。     

材料成形计算机模拟的研究现状及展望

综述了计算机模拟在材料液态成形、塑性成形、连接成形加工中的应用和模拟方法、研究现状,并分析与展望了其发展趋势。     

板料渐进成形数值模拟与实验研究

为提高渐进成形的成形效率和成形质量,了解板料渐进成形的变形规律及工艺参数对成形的影响,采用有限元方法对板料渐进成形过程进行了数值模拟研究,分析了斜壁盒形件渐进成形过程应力分布和厚度变化趋势,通过对不同进给量和不同成形路径进行数值模拟,分析了工艺参数对成形的影响.结果表明,斜壁盒形件最大应力和最大厚度减薄发生在底面拐角处;成形过程中工具头运动轨迹应尽量采用走螺旋线的方式,可以提高成形件的成形能力和成形质量.渐进成形实验表明,数值模拟结果与实验结果基本吻合.     

金属体积成形的无网格Galerkin模拟

为避免金属体积成形有限元法模拟中网格畸变造成网格重划和模拟精度降低,采用无网格法模拟金属体积成形.利用无网格法近似位移场,建立金属体积成形的无网格法连续性控制方程,采用罚函数法施加本征边界条件和体积不变条件,基于Markov变分原理推导了金属体积成形的无网格Galerkin求解列式.用数值计算法求解该列式,实现金属体积成形的无网格模拟.数值结果表明,无网格法能有效处理金属体积成形中出现的大变形,避免了网格畸变和重划,具有较高的模拟精度.     

数值模拟技术在微成形研究中的应用

微成形技术具备高生产效率、高材料利用率和优异的成形质量,是一种极具发展前景的高精度加工技术。数值模拟技术作为一种先进的研究手段,可以在塑性加工中对材料的变形和工艺可行性等进行评估和预测,达到节约生产成本、缩短研发周期的作用。主要综述了数值模拟技术在微成形研究中的典型应用。介绍了数值模拟技术在研究材料性质和材料变形方面的应用,包括利用Voronoi方法和晶体塑性方法建立金属多晶体模型,研究了微成形过程中材料的变形机制和尺寸效应,建立了材料摩擦函数、构建了零件粗糙表面,研究了微成形过程中的摩擦行为;将晶粒大小、晶体取向与板料模型相关联,研究了微成形过程中薄板的回弹行为和成形极限。除此之外,也介绍了近年来微成形领域的许多新成形技术,如激光辅助微成形、水射流增量微成形、超声辅助微成形,以及数值模拟方法在这些新微成形技术方面的应用。最后,总结了数值模拟技术在微成形研究中所起的作用,并展望了该领域的未来发展趋势。     

冲压件成形仿真及其预成形模具方案设计

目的预测高强度钢板的冲压成形性。方法对使用高强度材料的左前地板2号横梁进行了数字仿真模拟,设计了一种提高板料抗破裂性能的带氮气弹簧的预成形模具。先根据仿真结果,在采用调整工艺参数的常规手段未果的情况下,分析了破裂原因,再根据成形模拟软件的使用要求,对氮气弹簧的技术特性进行了处理,保证能代入成形软件。结果再次成形模拟证明,采用氮气弹簧的预成形模具,能改善模具受力状态,使成形件不致破裂。结论预成形模具结构有助于改善特定形状冲压件的成形性。     

两种含强供电基的三苯胺均二苯乙烯衍生物的合成及光电性能研究

设计合成了两种新型含强供电基团的三苯胺均二苯乙烯类化合物,并通过IR、MS、NMR进行了结构表征,用紫外吸收光谱、荧光发射光谱、循环伏安法(CV)等手段研究了它们的光电性能,分析了它们的电化学行为,计算出其电离势(P1)分别为5.41和5.54eV,带隙(Eg)分别为2.72和2.74eV,结果表明强供电子基团的引入大大增强了荧光量子效率和空穴的注入传输能力.     

Testing of explosive welding and welded joints. Wavy character of the process and joint quality

The basic defects occuring in explosive clad plates were properly systemized and the reasons of their formation were explained. Cases of cracks and delaminations in explosive clad plates were examined in this work. Various values of tensile stresses coming from loading and unloading waves were analysed, as they were the main reason of defects. The defects were connected with properties of welded materials in the joint area and beyond it. Some practical aspects of this process were shown as well.     

Relationship between mechanical properties and crystal structure in cocrystals and salt of paracetamol

Abstract

Objectives were to study mechanical properties of various solid forms of paracetamol and relate to their crystal structures. Paracetamol form I (PRA), its cocrystals with oxalic acid (PRA-OXA) and 4,4-bipyridine (PRA-BPY) and hydrochloride salt (PRA-HCL) were selected. Cocrystals and salt were scaled-up using rational crystallization methods. The resulting materials were subjected to different solid-state characterizations. The powders were sieved and 90–360?µm sieve fraction was considered. These powders were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and densities were determined. Tablets were made at applied pressures of 35–180?MPa under controlled conditions and the tablet height, diameter and hardness were measured. Tensile strength and porosity of the tablets were estimated using well known models. Crystal structures of these systems were visualized and slip planes were identified. Cocrystal and salt of PRA were physically pure. Sieved powders had comparable morphologies and particle size. The apparent and theoretical densities of powders were similar, but no clear trends were observed. The tensile strengths of these compacts were increased with increasing pressure whereas tabletability decreased in the order oxalic acid?>?PRA-HCL?≈?PRA-OXA?>?BPY?>?PRA-BPY. Tablet tensile strength decreases exponentially with increasing porosity with the exception of PRY-BPY and BPY. Slip plane prediction based on attachment energies may not be independently considered. However, it was possible to explain the improved mechanical properties of powders based on the crystal structure. Cocrystallization and salt formation have introduced structural features that are responsible for improved tableting properties of PRA.     

应用在食品行业中的冷封胶薄膜

概述了冷封胶薄膜的结构种类、制备工艺以及优点,接着陈述了冷封薄膜在软包装中的应用以及局限性,指出了实际生产中遇到的问题并对问题进行分析,提出改进方法.最后探讨了冷封薄膜未来的发展方向.     

圆柱形金属橡胶结构的静态力学性能

对圆柱形金属橡胶结构做静态实验,运用最小二乘法对实验数据进行拟合,得到金属橡胶材料本构方程的各系数,将由实验得到的各系数代入本构方程式中,从而得到理论拟合迟滞回线,将理论拟合迟滞回线与试验迟滞数据进行对比,发现理论拟合迟滞回线与试验迟滞数据吻合较好,同时运用ANSYS有限元软件对金属橡胶结构进行有限元建模、定义边界条件及施加载荷,最后进行应力应变分析,得到应力应变分布图,发现分析结果与实验结果吻合。     

Growth and study of some gel grown group II single crystals of iodate

Single crystals of calcium iodate and barium iodate were grown by simple gel technique by single diffusion method. The optimum conditions were established by varying various parameters such as pH of gel solution, gel concentration, gel setting time, concentration of the reactants etc. Crystals having different morphologies and habits were obtained. Prismatic, dendritic crystals of barium iodate and prismatic, needle shaped, hopper crystals of calcium iodate were obtained. Some of them were transparent, some transluscent, and few others were opaque. Both the crystals were studied using XRD, FT-IR, and thermal analysis. The crystals were doped by iron impurity. The effect of doping was studied using IR spectroscopy and thermal analysis.     

基于差影技术的乳腺微钙化点检测方法

目的 协助医生进行诊断，避免医生因大量阅片引起疲劳而造成误诊，提高乳腺癌早期诊断的效率和准确率。方法 先对乳腺钼靶X线照片数字化；再对数字化的乳腺影像归一化；然后从中选取感兴趣区域；最后利用差影技术检测出微钙化点并标示于影像中。结果 对于16幅（其中13幅含有微钙化）经过病理解剖确诊的乳腺钼靶片进行实验，利用本文方法共检测出14幅钙化图像。结论 该方法检出率高，微钙化点定位准确，值得进一步研究。     

可降解塑料的研究进展及其评价标准现状分析

本文介绍了可降解塑料的分类及其国内外研究概况,探讨了可降解塑料所面临的主要问题和发展趋势。对国内外可降解塑料降解性能评价的标准及分析方法进行讨论,比较了各相关标准分析方法之间的区别与联系,并展望了国内外最新的标准发展动态。     

3种主流分色算法的误差分析

在分析多项式回归、神经网络、修正的纽介堡方程这3种主流分色算法基本原理的基础上,对这3种类型算法分别采用新的实现方法进行设计,即:多项式回归算法的建模,通过多元回归分析求解出多项式的最小二乘估计值进行;神经网络算法的建模,采用基于径向基的RBF神经网络;纽介堡方程的建模,采用迭代法直接求解的方式。最后采用Matlab编程实现,并实验比较了3种算法的分色精度、稳定性等性能。研究结果表明:多项式回归算法稳定性和精度都最佳且平均色差小,RBF算法色块建模速度快,转换效果较好。最后分析了分色结果,提出了算法改进方向。     

Effect of particle size distribution on flowability of granulated lactose

The flowability of powders used in tableting significantly affects tablet weight and content uniformity of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Use of granulated materials instead of powdered materials can improve flowability. In this study, the effect of particle size distribution on flowability of granulated lactose was quantitatively analyzed. Three types of granulated lactose were classified into progressively narrower size fractions, and nine samples were systematically prepared. The mass median diameters were nearly constant (i.e., 130.5 ± 13.5 μm) and the geometric standard deviations ranged from 1.29 to 2.04. Two flow properties (angle of repose and compressibility) were measured. The correlations between flow properties and the particle size distributions were analyzed, and the coefficients of determination were obtained for different particle diameters and cumulative mass fractions. The optimal conditions to maximize the coefficients of determination were defined. Furthermore, static and dynamic friction properties were evaluated, and their correlations with particle size distribution were calculated.