Thermal and radiative characteristics of oxyfluoride glass singly doped with lanthanide ions

Rare earths-doped oxyfluoride glasses based on germanium oxide and lead fluoride were prepared from commercial raw materials. The glasses with general composition of 50GeO2-(50-x-y)PbO-yPbF2-xLnF3 (Ln=Pr3+-Yb3+), contained different concentrations of optically active dopants (x=0.2 mol.% and 2 mol.%) and PbF2 (y≤15 mol.%). The differential thermal analysis (DTA) was used to determine both thermal characteristic and thermal stability properties of the glasses in the function of the kind of dopant, its concentration, and a glass composition. Characteristic glass temperatures such as glass transition temperature (Tg), glass crystallization temperature (Tc) and temperature corresponding to the maximum of the crystallization rate (Tpc) were evaluated. On the basis of obtained results, the thermal stabilities of glasses under study were evaluated using various thermal stability criteria (Dietzel factor ?T, Saad-Poulain factors H' and S). It was found that the increase in rare earth fluoride contents influenced thermal characteristics when the characteristic temperatures of the individual glass was shifted towards higher values. The effect of the PbF2 content and the kind of rare earth impurity on the glass stability was observed. Absorption spectra of lanthanide-doped glasses were measured at room temperature and used to determine the phenomenological intensity parameters Ωt and next, to estimate radiative properties of lanthanide ions in this matrix. Radiative transition probabilities of luminescent states of Ln3+, branching ratios and radiative lifetimes were determined. The variation of the Ωt along the lanthanide series was presented and discussed.     

Process optimization of electroless copper plating and its influence on electrochemical properties of AB5-type hydrogen storage alloy

The amount of Cu coating by chemical plating was investigated based on quadratic regression orthogonal experimental design being adapted to the variation law of temperature,pH value and Ni2+concentration,and the relevant regression equation was expressed as y=2.1609+0.5295×10-3T2-0.0342P2-0.0265N2+0.0023TP+0.0020TH+0.0199PN-0.0959T+0.3814P-0.2073N.The results showed that the deposition rate augmented with the increasing in temperature,pH value and Ni2+concentration.The experimental parameters of the optimal coating were temperature 75 ℃,pH value 8.5 and Ni2+concentration 1.2 g/L.The electrochemical tests indicated that the cycle stability increased from 60.66% to 75.58%,indicating that the treated alloy exhibited better corrosion resistance.     

天铁热力风机升级改造方案设计

通过对天铁集团高炉现状、风机现状的分析,提出了对热力厂风机升级改造的规划,确定了实施方案.该方案实施后将彻底改变风机渐进式改造的现象,使新高炉的备用机组发挥更大的作用,可增加现有高炉的风压、风量,使现有高炉的产量、冶炼强度进一步提高.     

Recent progress report on DNA B-Z transition modulated by rare earth-amino acid complex and Alzheimer's disease amyloid beta

Rare earth dements have unique physical, magnetic, luminescent and catalytic properties. They have been successfully used as medicine and probes in luminescent resonance energy transfer (LRET) for bioassays, as well as reagents for diagnosis in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this progress report, we will focus on recent progress on how rare earth amino complexes bind to DNA and change DNA structure, especially on DNA B-Z transition induced by rare earth amino acid complex and its potential impact on Alzheimer's disease (AD).     

Numerical Simulation on Inclusion and Bubble Entrapment in Solidified Shell in Model Experiment and in Mold of Continuous Caster With DC Magnetic Field

A model experiment investigating entrapment of inclusions and bubbles on the solidified shell was performed using molten steel,and the conditions for inclusion and bubble entrapment and mechanism of entrapment were studied.The results were applied to the flow behavior in the casting mold of a continuous caster.At the solid-liquid interface,entrapment of inclusions is greatly reduced by the existence of a low velocity flow,e.g.,0.05m/s.The above-mentioned interfacial flow velocity dependency of inclusion entrapment is considered to be largely influenced by changes in the thickness of the concentration boundary layer,which depend on the interfacial flow velocity.Specifically,bubbles and inclusions which enter the concentration boundary layer are drawn to the solid-liquid interface by a suction force which is several orders larger than the Saffman’s force.In addition to the above-mentioned suction force,the so-called cleaning effect is determined by fluid-dynamic forces such as drag force,etc.which act on particles,and furthermore,by resident time of particles at the solid-liquid interface,which depends on the solidification rate.In a FC mold with a 2-stage electromagnetic brake,flotation of bubbles entrained in the jet flow from the nozzle is accelerated with the large DC magnetic field.This is attributed to the braking effect of the DC field on the nozzle jet and the upward flow by the buoyancy of the bubbles.As a result,the interfacial flow velocity can be normalized by increasing the strength of the magnetic field,and entrapment of large bubbles and inclusions can be reduced.     

Influence of Controlled Rolling and Cooling Process on the Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon Cold Forging Steel

In the present paper,controlled rolling and cooling processing was conducted by using a laboratory hot rolling mill.The influence of different processing parameters on the mechanical properties of low carbon cold forging steel was investigated.The results show that the faster cooling after the deformation (especially in low temperature rolling conditions) leads to the refinement of the ferrite grain.The specimen exhibits very good mechanical properties owing to the finer ferrite grains.The pearlite morphologies can also affect the mechanical properties of low carbon cold forging steel.The mechanical properties increase with decreasing final cooling temperature within the range from 650℃ to 570 ℃ due to the finer interlamellar spacing of pearlite colony.The mechanical properties of the specimens with fast cooling after the conventional rolling are not only better than those of the specimens with slow cooling after low temperature rolling,but also almost similar to those of the specimens with fast cooling after low temperature rolling.It is suggested that fast cooling after high temperature rolling (the conventional rolling) process would be of important industrial value.     

The LIMMCAST Program at HZDR:Modelling of Fluid Flow and Transport Phenomena in the Continuous Casting Process

Model experiments with low melting point liquid metals are an important tool to investigate the flow structure and related transport processes in melt flows relevant for metallurgical applications.We present the new experimental facility LIMMCAST for modelling the continuous casting process of steel using the alloy SnBi at temperatures of200-400℃.The parameters of the facility and the dimensions of the test sections will be given,and the possibilities for flow investigations in tundish,submerged entry nozzle and mould will be discussed.In addition,the smaller set-up Mini-LIMMCAST will be presented,which works with the room-temperature liquid alloy GaInSn.The main value of cold metal laboratory experiments consists in the capabilities to obtain quantitative flow measurements with a reasonable spatial and temporal resolution.New ultrasonic and electromagnetic techniques for measuring the velocity in liquid metal flows came up during the last decade allowing for a satisfying characterisation of flow quantities in the considered temperature range up to 400℃.First results from LIMMCAST and Mini-LIMMCAST will be presented covering the following phenomena:fully contacfless electromagnetic tomography of the flow in the mould,flow monitoring by a multitude of ultrasonic sensors,and analysis of the flow in the mould under the influence of an electromagnetic brake:intensification of the flow turbulence contrary to the expected flow damping,injection of argon bubbles through the stopper rod:occurrence of pressure oscillations.     

汽车零件强度、寿命与可靠性分析与模型

The elasto-plastic stress/strain behavior of an automobile rear axle was analyzed by three-dimension finite element method.Based on the stress in critical area where fatigue crack appears,the fatigue life of the welded structure was predicted using the critical shear stress plane criterion.To improve the fatigue property of the rear-axle,the welding-seam was strengthened by both pellet spraying and plasma melting,and evident improvement was experimentally illustrated.Based on the viewpoint that a complex component is also a system in the respect of reliability assessment and statistical dependence among component failures(i.e.the so call"common cause failure")is inherent for system under stochastic load environment,a system-level load-strength interference model was presented and the reliability of the rear axle was estimated as a system,instead of a component.     

铝土矿、氧化铝和电解铝产业链市场及利润流向

本文主要介绍近几年铝土矿、氧化铝和电解铝产业链的市场和利润流向演变以及未来发展形势.     

提高轧制重轨BS75A成材率的措施

介绍了武钢大型厂生产重轨BS75A时,利用现有设备,通过不断研究,找到了一条提高重轨(BS75A)生产成材率的方法,并取得了较好的经济效益.     

浅析层状复合板轧制新工艺

本文在对国内外层状金属复合板生产研究文献查阅分析的基础上,着重介绍了钎焊热轧法、燃烧合成轧制法、包套轧制法、PPR方法、ARB方法、PIT方法等复合新工艺基本工作原理,以及目前国内外应用各种新工艺所生产研究的新材料复合板,同时分析了复合板生产存在的问题,展望了复合板生产工艺的发展方向。     

湿法提金技术发展历程及应用现状

湿法提金技术由于具有工艺成熟、适应性强、相对于火法能耗低等优点,被广泛应用于黄金生产中.介绍了氰化法、硫脲法、氯化法、硫代硫酸盐法、多硫化物法及石硫合剂法等湿法提金技术的原理,分析了其优缺点,总结了湿法提金技术的发展历程及应用现状,展望了湿法提金技术的发展前景.     

硅铝铁中硅的测定方法

介绍硅铝铁中硅的三种测定方法高氯酸脱水重量法,氟硅酸钾容量法和硅钼兰示差光度法,并对各方法的特点进行了对比。     

浅谈充填采矿法的顶底柱回采

本文就国内应用直接法、点柱法、进路法、人工底柱法,回采充填采矿法的顶底柱情况进行了论述,并指明了存在的问题。     

渗碳层厚度及碳含量的表征方法

为了衡量渗碳工艺是否合适,需要对渗碳层的厚度及碳含量进行准确测定。实验探索了一种能够快速准确地表征渗碳层厚度及碳含量的方法,并以18CrNiMo7-6钢为例进行了相关测定。首先,利用化学法验证了电子探针法测定渗碳层的准确性。其次,对比了电子探针法与硬度法的结果,两种方法测定渗碳层厚度的结果一致,电子探针法同时给出了不同渗碳层厚度与碳含量的变化曲线。再次,利用金相法观察了渗碳层及基体的微观组织,由于渗碳层厚度超过了金相法的测定范围,无法做出结果对比。综上所述,电子探针法既可以测定渗碳层的厚度,也可同时得到相应厚度渗碳层的碳含量,是准确表征渗碳层的有效方法,可以作为衡量渗碳工艺是否合适的依据。     

电解质分子比的分析与控制

概述了分子比的分析方法，提出了电解质成份对分子比测定的影响，并推导出了直接和间接法分析分子比的公式。     

物探方法在德兴银山矿田勘探中的试验应用

江西德兴银山矿床是一个Cu-Pb-Zn-Au-Ag矿化集中区,该处地质工作程度较高,但物探资料较缺乏。作者采用双频激电法、自然电场法和天然电场选频法开展试验探测工作,期望探讨方法的有效性,为矿区深、边的找矿工作提供科学依据。根据探测结果可知,银山矿区的铅锌矿和斑岩铜矿具有十分明显的低阻高极化特性,激电方法适合于该矿区的边部找矿工作,但矿区工业电流干扰大,所以最好采用大功率激电方法;自然电场和天然电场选频法方法简便,仪器轻便,其异常与矿体或构造具有较好的对应性,特别是自然电场法适合于井下巷道中开展工作,可作为今后深部矿产预测的方法之一。     

国内钢渣处理技术的特点

介绍钢渣处理技术的发展现状及钢渣处理工艺的分类及机理。通过比较和分析热闷法、风淬法和滚筒法3种典型的钢渣处理工艺,评价了它们的优缺点。从100%处理钢渣、处理效果更好的角度看,热闷法是值得推广的工艺;从流程短、占地面积省的角度看,滚筒法和风淬法则具有其优势。上述3种钢渣处理工艺具有各自的推广价值。     

纳米粉末制备方法综述

纳米粉末具有特殊性质 ,并在各个领域得到广泛应用。本文详细介绍了制备纳米粉末的方法 ,如机械法、物理法和化学法。并对各种方法的优缺点进行了介绍。指出了纳米粉末制备方法的未来发展方向