复卷机退卷张力自动控制系统设计

针对复卷机工作时退卷张力控制难的问题,在分析了退卷张力对纸幅质量影响的基础上,确定了退纸辊的控制要求并对控制方案进行合理选择,完成了复卷机退卷张力自动控制系统的硬件和软件设计。将公共直流母线结构应用于复卷机传动控制系统中,能充分利用再生能量,提高复卷机运行效率;对退纸辊控制部分进行软件模块化编程,使其具有普适性。该退卷张力自动控制系统在实际中的运用效果较好,适当改动即可适用于多种复卷场合下退卷张力的控制。     

交流复卷机退纸辊的控制策略

针对交流复卷机退纸辊传动的控制难点,分析了退纸辊电机的选型依据,提出了退纸辊正常运行时发电回馈的能量流向,建立了复卷机退卷纸幅张力控制的两种数学模型,并提出了两种退卷张力控制的方案。     

复卷机张力控制系统的设计及应用

针对复卷机退纸辊退卷张力控制系统中存在多扰动与非线性的问题,以退纸辊退卷张力为研究对象,提出一套完整的控制方案,在张力控制中引入了模糊PID算法,并加以应用。为解决交流传动下系统产生的回馈能量处理问题,对系统主电路硬件结构进行了公共直流母线设计,该设计已应用于浙江金华某纸厂复卷机项目的退纸辊退卷张力控制系统,取得了良好的控制效果。     

交流复卷机的间接张力控制

针对交流传动复卷机中影响间接张力控制的各因素进行了具体分析,给出了退纸辊交流电机在复卷机稳态运行和加减速运行时电磁转矩计算公式,利用现场总线技术控制退纸辊电机的变频器按照规定转矩运行就可以实现间接张力的控制。实际使用证明这种间接张力控制的方法可以接近直接张力控制的效果。     

再复卷机纸幅张力控制分析与应用

再复卷机退纸装置是由两台电机共同驱动一个退纸卷筒,针对再复卷机在复卷过程中车速增减以及退卷卷径的减小时对纸幅张力的影响,以退卷纸幅张力控制为研究对象,结合再复卷机工作原理,推导出退卷张力系统的数学模型。根据本次项目现场调试,提出再复卷机驱动退纸纸芯的两台电机采用主-从传动控制和光纤通讯。     

复卷机退纸辊转动惯量补偿问题的分析

复卷机退纸辊转动惯量的补偿可以保证张力恒定,从而保证了复卷的质量.分析了稳态和变速过程中造成张力波动的主要因素以及如何实时补偿转动惯量以保证恒张力控制,并提出了实际中基于欧陆590控制器的转动惯量补偿系统.     

国产机外高速涂布机自动接纸装置

设计了一种新型的高速自动接纸装置,采用双纸卷回转型退纸架和与纸卷不接触的新纸卷加速系统,通过进口气缸控制压辊动作及断纸,利用张力传感器或缓冲辊（浮动辊）来控制退卷张力。并采用多种形式的光电检测装置,在机外涂布机全速运行状况下,经一系列光电检测、PLC动作顺序控制、连锁控制,实现整个换卷过程的自动化。该高速自动接纸装置可以有效地保证机外涂布机的连续高车速生产,提高涂布机运行性能,已成功运用于国内20余台机外涂布机,实现了全速自动接纸,成功达95％以上。     

双底辊复卷装置的张力控制及其仿真

主要对双底辊复卷装置力学模型进行了分析，提出了前底辊半闭环张力控制和液压系统的控制方案，最后用双底辊复卷仿真系统完成模拟输入输出控制。     

Eurotech分条复卷与AVT100％全自动质量检测系统又一次成功落户苏州

近日，苏州某知名内资印刷企业成功安装第三台由博泰公司研发的Eurotech分条复卷与AVT100％全自动质量检测系统。Eurotech分条复卷检测系统采用闭环张力控制方式开卷，标准纠偏系统，纠偏及执行机构为欧洲原装进口品牌，高精度重型墙板，确保设备传动精密。Eurotech同时采用最先进的偏心式剪切分切刀辊，保证最精确的分切尺寸，     

Lenze EVF93变频器在罐蒸机上的应用

本文介绍了采用德国伦茨公司生产的EVF93变频器驱动罐蒸机上下辊筒,以实现包布恒线速度及张力、压力随上辊卷径按曲线变化控制的应用实例。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Influence des ions sur le pouvoir hydratant de l'ure e: e tude sur peau de porc ex vivo

This study deals with the influence of ions (NaCl and MgSO4) in a W/O emulsion containing 10% urea. Moisturization kinetics are assessed by corneometry on pig skin ex vivo. The formula's influence on urea penetration is measured by infrared spectrometry with an ATR device and the stripping method. Corneometry and spectroscopy were chosen to record simultaneously the hydratation levels and urea localization into superficial cell layers. Urea crystallization after evaporation of emulsions and aqueous solutions is described. Results show that urea does not hydrate nor penetrate when applied to the skin through an aqueous gel. In a W/O emulsion, sodium chloride increases the ability of urea to moisturize without improving penetration. In vitro urea crystallization is disturbed by sodium chloride or magnesium sulphate for solutions and emulsions. This stabilization by ions is correlated with good moisturization values. The stabilization of urea in the solute state provided by ions increases its water epidermal binding capacity without enhancing penetration.     

Analysis on Economic Indicators from 62 Enterprises in Printing Machinery Industry in Q1 2014

Operation of printing machine industry was still unsatisfactory in the first quarter of 2014.Analysis on operation of printing machine industry.a.Market demand was not strong;sales of product undulated and declined.According to the statistics,the total industrial output value fell by 19.28% in the first quarter of 2014 than the average quarter value in 2013; industrial added value decreased by 4.16%; sales revenue dropped by 22.83%. h. Business operation of enterprises was in poor condition. c. R＆D of new products is an important transformation guarantee for enterprises. d. To take self explore new ways upgrading advantages,and explore new ways.