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螺山站水位变化特征及其影响因素贡献率分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为分析螺山站水位变化特征及其影响因素贡献率,采用回归分析、Mann-kendall检验等方法分析螺山站1954~2013年的水位、流量变化规律。结果表明,螺山站水位于1954~1964、2003~2013年呈减小趋势,1965~2002年呈增加趋势,且分别于1977~1979、2004年发生突变。1981~2002年较1967~1980年,1~3月份流量的改变对螺山站水位变化的贡献率分别为38.7%、33.5%、55.2%,河床冲淤及顶托作用的贡献率分别为61.3%、66.5%、44.8%。下荆江裁弯使得螺山站的水位抬升了1.98m,葛洲坝和三峡水库的运行使其水位分别下降了0.92、0.26m。下荆江裁弯、葛洲坝和三峡水库的运行对螺山站水位变化的贡献率分别为63.6%、28.1%、55.4%。研究成果可为长江中下游河道的防洪预报与调度提供参考。 相似文献
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研究分水江流域控制站——分水江站的水位预报方法,提高预报精度,对支撑区域防洪决策具有重要意义。利用分水江站2012~2020年典型历史洪水,基于系统聚类分析方法,以最大1 d洪量、洪峰流量、洪峰水位、洪水起涨历时占比作为聚类指标,将洪水分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ类两类洪水,采用流量演算—水位流量关系转换法对分水江站进行水位分类预报,并构建不同类型洪水水位流量关系的上下边界,提出一种分类洪水水位区间预报方法。结果表明,两类洪水的洪峰水位预报精度有所提高,预报区间宽度明显减小,提高了区间预报结果的可利用性。 相似文献
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为提高金华江流域实时洪水预报精度,建立了耦合MIKE 11 NAM与MIKE 11 HD的流域洪水预报模型和基于集合卡尔曼滤波的实时校正模型,实现了金华江流域洪水预报实时校正。流域洪水预报模型对流域内主要站点的模拟效果较好,洪水流量和洪水水位模拟精度较高;实时校正模型在预见期10 h以内,校正效果随预见期增加而降低,在预见期前期可有效降低预报误差。整体上,建立的流域洪水预报模型和基于集合卡尔曼滤波的实时校正模型能够满足金华江流域洪水预报应用要求。 相似文献
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为增加水库的多年平均发电量,以官地水库为例,利用电站特征水位、库区回水和移民成果、下游河道防洪现状及洪水预报情况,拟定了根据洪水预报流量确定汛期运行水位的分级预报预泄方案,根据预泄能力约束将汛期运行水位控制在一定范围,在预报流量较大时将水位逐级预降下来,在预报流量较小时将水位逐级回蓄上去。实例应用结果表明,利用汛期发电优化调度方案进行调度后,多年平均发电量由118.7×108kW·h增加为127.6×108kW·h,兴利效益明显,且在一定范围内洪水预见期越长,优化调度方案的发电量越大,但当洪水预见期增加到10h后,库区淹没和电站下游防洪安全会制约发电量的增加。 相似文献
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干支河流交汇河段洪水遭遇时河道水位壅高,形成洪水顶托,致使河道断面水位流量关系复杂,增加河道防洪难度。以东北松花江流域嫩江和第二松花江(简称二松)在三岔河口处交汇为例,基于嫩江大赉站、二松扶余站多年实测洪水资料筛选顶托典型年,分析顶托典型年两水文站异常的水位流量关系,并定性定量研究了不同量级下洪水相互顶托程度。结果表明,嫩江较易受到二松洪水的顶托作用。当大赉站流量较大时,扶余站流量变化对大赉站顶托量影响较小,在大赉站流量大于3 000m3/s时,对大赉站的顶托量在0.5m以下;当大赉站流量较低时,随着扶余站流量的增大,顶托量逐渐增大,当大赉站流量小于3 000m3/s时,大赉站顶托量最大可达4.8m。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(63):26789-26797
The issues related to the reliability of hydrogen engines of unmanned vehicles and increasing the efficiency of using hydrogen as fuel when using the method of its production during the decomposition of hydrogen-containing molecules of liquid-phase organic compounds in a plasma discharge under the action of intense ultrasonic exposure are considered. Experiments have shown that as a result of decomposition in the acoustoplasma discharge of liquid hydrocarbons, solid-phase carbon-containing products are formed, chemical transformations occur in the liquid phase and hydrogen-containing combustible gas is formed. Hydrogen-containing gas can be used as fuel immediately after synthesis, i.e. it does not require separation, since in addition to hydrogen it contains only impurities of CO2 and water vapor. The purpose of the study is to formalize the basic conditions for tightening the control of mutual compliance with the efficiency of hydrogen engines of the same series in the conditions of their mass production. Methods of mathematical statistics and hardware-software modeling were used in the study. The term “unerroric of quality mutual compliance control” is introduced to describe a set of hardware and software tools for such control. The principle of in-depth testing of the technical condition of such engines of one series is described in a multidimensional formulation of the quality control problem for three of their operating parameters at once. The conditions for increasing the mutual correspondence of the measured values of such parameters in the conditions of serial production of hydrogen engines are formalized. 相似文献
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基于《水工混凝土掺用氧化镁技术规范》中的Ⅰ型氧化镁(MgO),研究了该型MgO膨胀剂(MEA)细度对掺粉煤灰水泥浆体膨胀性能的影响。即采用X射线衍射分析(XRD)及同步热分析(TG DSC)分析了掺MEA水泥浆体中MgO的水化性。结果表明,养护温度相同时,MEA的细度对水泥浆体内MEA中MgO的水化和水泥浆体的膨胀无显著影响,产生的膨胀均能补偿水泥浆体的收缩;MEA的细度可从试验设计采用的45 μm筛筛余15%左右增加到30%左右,这将有利于MEA生产企业的节能降耗。 相似文献
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General expressions for the heat of vaporization of mixtures at constant pressure; at constant temperature; and at constant pressure, temperature, and composition are proposed. The last one is related to the liquid-vapor interface where steady vaporization or condensation is taking place. Numerical examples by the proposed expressions are shown for binary mixtures of HCFC22(R22) and (HCFC123(R123) © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Heat Trans Jpn Res, 25(1): 12–24, 1996 相似文献
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应用瞬态谱分析方法对燃烧流化床声波信号进行了频谱分析,发现气泡能量分布呈Gamma分布形式,在Argyrious和Yoshida等人提出的模型的基础上,发展了燃烧流化床气泡能量分布模型,并通过优化迭代对模型参数进行求解,在实验和理论的基础上得出了更加切合实际的燃烧流化床气泡能量分布模型 相似文献
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Linear and nonlinear analyses of the instabilities and distortion of liquid streams injected into a gaseous media are discussed. The various fundamental mechanisms and the predictive capabilities for the distortions are emphasized. Round jets, planar sheets, annular sheets, and conical sheets are discussed in detail. The balance between capillary and inertial forces is primarily examined. The method for simplifying the analyses in the case of thin liquid sheets is discussed. The capabilities for representing the droplet size distribution that follows the stream disintegration are outlined. 相似文献
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城镇生活污水处理装置是由农村户用沼气地发展演变而来,是一种小型、分散化处理污水的装置 ,是环境建设的需要。文章着重从我国环保政策及目标、生活污水造成的污染状况、急需整治的公共设施、生活污水净化装置的演变以及社会经济效益和环境效益等方面,阐述了其产业化的重要性。 相似文献
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The paper deals with second law thermodynamic analysis of a basic gas turbine based gas-steam combined cycle. The article investigates the effect of variation of cycle parameters on rational efficiency and component-wise non-dimensionalised exergy destruction of the plant. Component-wise inefficiencies of the combined cycle have been quantified with the objective to pin-point the major sources of exergy destruction. The parameter that affects cycle performance most is the TIT (turbine inlet temperature). TIT should be kept on the higher side, because at lower values, the exergy destruction is higher. The summation of total exergy destruction of all components in percentage terms is lower (44.88%) at TIT of 1800 K & rp,c = 23, as compared to that at TIT = 1700 K. The sum total of rational efficiency of gas turbine and steam turbine is found to be higher (54.91%) at TIT = 1800 K & rp,c = 23, as compared to that at TIT = 1700 K. Compressor pressure ratio also affects the exergy performance. The sum total of exergy destruction of all components of the combined cycle plant is lower (44.17%) at higher value of compressor pressure ratio (23)& TIT = 1700 K, as compared to that at compressor pressure ratio (16). Also exergy destruction is minimized with the adoption of multi-pressure-reheat steam generator configuration. 相似文献