间苯二甲酸共聚酯的结晶特性

研究了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）分子链中引入间苯二甲酸（IPA）的无规共聚酯（IPET）的非等温结晶动力学和等温结晶时球晶的生长和形态。结果表明,共聚酯的结晶温度随IPA含量的增加而升高,玻璃化转变温度、熔点随IPA含量的增加而降低;IPA的引入使IPET的结晶速率及球晶生长速率明显降低,但对球晶的形态及生长机理并无明显的影响。     

脂肪族聚酯结晶特性与分子结构的关系

用差示扫描量热法(DSC)和修正的Avrami方程研究了聚丁二酸乙二醇酯(PES)、聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)、聚丁二酸己二醇酯(PHS)、聚己二酸己二醇酯(PHA)和聚癸二酸己二醇酯(PHSe)的非等温结晶动力学,得到了脂肪族聚酯的Avrami指数、结晶速率常数、结晶活化能和过冷度等结晶动力学参数.结果表明,脂肪族聚...     

固相缩聚共聚酯的熔融行为和结晶速率研究

通过固相缩聚合成了两种不同结构的高分子量共聚酯，研究了样品的熔融行为和结晶速率。研究发现，共聚酯的熔融峰随着固相聚合温度和时间的变化而与纯ＰＥＴ有明显的差别，共聚酯泊结晶速率与慢于纯ＰＥＴ的结晶速率。     

基于6-氨基己酸可降解P(AC/AAE)的合成与表征

以6-氨基己酸(6-AC)、己二酸(AA)和乙二醇(EG)为原料,采用熔融缩聚法合成了可生物降解聚酯酰胺(PEAs),对处理提纯后的共聚物用红外光谱进行了结构表征;利用差示扫描量热法表征了共聚物的熔融过程和结晶过程,并研究了产物的吸水性和水解降解行为。结果表明,红外光谱图中共聚物中酯键吸收峰的强度随着酯含量的增加而增强;聚合物的熔点(Tm)、熔融焓(ΔHm)和结晶温度(Tc)、结晶焓(ΔHc)随着酯含量的增加而明显降低。共聚物的组成对吸水率影响不大,其降解速率随酯含量的增加而加快;共聚物在酸性溶液中降解速率最快,在碱性溶液中降解速率次之,在近于中性溶液中降解速率最慢。     

基于6-氨基己酸可降解P(AC/AAE)的合成与表征EI北大核心CSCD

以6-氨基己酸(6-AC)、己二酸(AA)和乙二醇(EG)为原料,采用熔融缩聚法合成了可生物降解聚酯酰胺(PEAs),对处理提纯后的共聚物用红外光谱进行了结构表征;利用差示扫描量热法表征了共聚物的熔融过程和结晶过程,并研究了产物的吸水性和水解降解行为。结果表明,红外光谱图中共聚物中酯键吸收峰的强度随着酯含量的增加而增强;聚合物的熔点(Tm)、熔融焓(ΔHm)和结晶温度(Tc)、结晶焓(ΔHc)随着酯含量的增加而明显降低。共聚物的组成对吸水率影响不大,其降解速率随酯含量的增加而加快;共聚物在酸性溶液中降解速率最快,在碱性溶液中降解速率次之,在近于中性溶液中降解速率最慢。     

新型聚酯PMT等温结晶动力学研究

聚对苯二甲酸甲二酯 (PMT)是一种新型芳香族聚酯 ,本文以DSC差示扫描量热计对PMT的等温结晶动力学进行了研究 ,用Avrami方程对实验数据进行了分析 ,结果发现 :PMT的Avrami指数n在 2 4～ 2 6之间 ,为非整数且接近于 3,说明PMT结晶时倾向于异相成核 ;在实验温度范围内 ,随着等温结晶温度Tc的升高 ,PMT的结晶速率常数K减小 ,半结晶时间t1/ 2 增加。PMT的熔点与聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯 (PET)接近 ,但高于聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯 (PTT)和聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯 (PBT) ,与结构分析得到的结论一致     

DMT/DMS-EG共聚酯的DSC研究

使用差示扫描量热法(DSC)测量了对苯二甲酸乙二酯-癸二酸乙二酯(DMT/DMS-EG)共聚体系的玻璃化转变温度(T_g)、熔融温度(T_m)和结晶动力学参数。结果表明,随第三组份DMS的加入,T_g和T_m都明显下降。在高温结晶时的结晶速率随DMS含量的增加而减小,低温结晶时的结晶速率随之而增大。并且分析和讨论了共聚酯的组成对平衡熔融,结晶热及结晶速率的影响。     

嵌段聚醚酯共聚物的结晶性能

采用偏光显微镜和光学解偏结晶速率仪研究了嵌段聚醚酯共聚物的结晶形态和等温结晶过程。结果发现,结晶速度Ｋ随聚酯含量增加而增大,随聚醚分子量的增大而增大,交联剂使结晶速度Ｋ减少。嵌段聚醚酯的等温结晶过程可用Ａｖｒａｍｉ方程描述,最快结晶速度Ｋ对应的结晶温度Ｔｍａｘ与聚合物熔点Ｔｍ的关系满足经验式Ｔｍａｘ＝（０．８～０．８５）Ｔｍ。     

间苯二甲酸共聚酯的结晶特性及其对纤维性能的影响

研究了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）分子链中引入间苯二甲酸（IPA）的无规共聚酯（IPET）的结晶特性及其对纤维力学性能、吸湿性和染色性的影响。结果表明,因IPA的引入共聚酯的结晶温度升高,玻璃化转变温度、熔点降低;IPA的引入使IPET的结晶速率和结晶度降低,从而导致其纤维的模量降低,手感较柔软,吸湿性和上染率提高,但强度的下降并不明显,大大地提高了纤维的适用性。     

全芳族无规液晶共聚酯的WAXD研究

用广角X射线衍射(WAXD)对2,7-萘二酚、对羟基苯甲酸和对苯二甲酸的一系列无规共聚酯进行了较深入的研究,详细探讨了组成不同的三元液晶共聚酯的结晶结构和结晶度与共聚酯熔化温度的关系。结果表明,无规共聚降低共聚酯熔化温度的实质在于对聚合物结晶结构的破坏及由此造成的结晶度的下降。     

聚氧化乙烯等温结晶过程的计算机模拟

用Monte Carlo方法模拟了聚氧化乙烯(PEO)在预先成核条件下的等温结晶过程,并用Avrami方程进行了结晶动力学处理.结果显示,Avrami方程能够成功地描述被模拟的PEO等温结晶的初期过程.随着结晶温度的升高,结晶速率和球晶的线生长速率减小,而Avrami指数值基本不变,都接近于3.采用热台偏光显微镜(HSPOM)实验证实了模拟实验模型和结果的正确性.     

Modeling of deformation behavior and strain-induced crystallization in poly(ethylene terephthalate) above the glass transition temperature

A constitutive model for large deformation stress–strain behavior and strain-induced crystallization in poly(ethylene terephthalate), at temperatures above the glass transition temperature, is proposed. In this model, the intermolecular resistance is treated in a composite framework where the crystalline and amorphous phases are considered as two separate resistances coupled through two different analog representations leading to the upper and the lower bound approaches. The crystallization rate is expressed following a non-isothermal phenomenological expression based on the modified Avrami equation. Our predicted results are compared to existing experimental results and good agreement is found.     

聚酯纤维的附生结晶法改善纤维的表面浸润性

将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)纤维置入过冷态的聚乙二醇(PEG)和聚己二酸丁二酯(PBA)熔体,制备了PET纤维/PEG基体和PET纤维/PBA基体复合体系。使用偏光显微镜和原子力显微镜研究了这两种异质复合体系的界面结晶形态,利用接触角测量仪测量了附生结晶法改性前后PET纤维织物的接触角。结果表明,纤维置入温度和结晶等条件决定附生体系的横穿晶体形态结构,选取合适的树脂并采用附生结晶的方法可明显改善PET纤维织物的表面浸润性,并有望改善PET纤维增强复合材料内部的界面结构。     

聚氧化乙烯(PEO)及其与高氯酸锂复合体系的等温结晶动力学研究

用示差扫描量热法研究了PEO及其与高氯酸锂复合体系的等温结晶过程。用Avrami方程分析了PEO和复合体系中PEO的等温结晶动力学,得到了PEO在不同体系中等温结晶时的动力学参数。PEO的Avrami指数n都趋近2．5,说明PEO晶体以三维方式依热成核生长。动力学参数表明,复合体系中PEO结晶时以异相成核为主。LiClO4对PEO等温结晶过程的影响如下：作为PEO结晶的成核剂而加快其结晶过程;增加了复合体系的粘度,缩短了PEO的结晶半时间,使其结晶总速率增大;降低了复合体系中PEO的绝对结晶度。     

增容剂对回收聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯/乙烯-辛烯共混物结晶性能的影响

以甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物(mPOE)为增容剂对回收聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(r-PET)/乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)共混物进行增容改性。用HAAKE流变仪、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、广角X射线衍射(WAXD)分别研究了不同mPOE含量对r-PET/POE共混物的扭矩变化和接枝共聚物对PET结晶性能的影响。结果表明,共混物的扭矩随着mPOE含量的增加而增大,即mPOE与r-PET生成的接枝共聚物POE-g-PET含量增大。DSC和WAXD结果表明,POE对PET有异相成核作用,而POE-g-PET共聚物对PET结晶有一定的阻碍作用。     

Two-stage crystallization kinetics equation and nonisothermal crystallization analyses for PTEG and filled PTEG

A novel modified Avrami model considering both primary and secondary crystallization has been presented to extract the kinetic behavior of these two crystallization stages in nonisothermal crystallization process of polymers. Nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)–poly(ethylene glycol) segmented copolyesters (PTEG) has been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The crystallization rate constants and Avrami exponents at various cooling rates were obtained from the analyses for neat PTEG and multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) filled PTEG. Secondary crystallization displays a lower-dimensional crystal growth compared with primary crystallization and the results of kinetics analyses are consistent with morphology study. The MWNTs introduced into PTEG matrix take the role of effective nucleating agents during composites crystallization and can expedite the process of crystallization of the matrix by providing more nucleation sites to the crystallizing phase.     

长支链支化制备高熔体强度PET研究进展

主要介绍了采用多官能单体以及扩链/支化剂在PET主链上引入长支链的方法,论述了长支链结构对PET熔体强度、熔体流变行为和结晶行为的影响.     

Interactions of a liquid crystalline polymer with polycarbonate and poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Thermal behaviour of blends of a liquid crystalline copoly(ester amide) (Vectra B950) with two isotropic polymers has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry. One of the isotropic polymers is an amorphous polymer – polycarbonate, the other is a semi-crystalline polymer – poly(ethylene terephthalate). It was found that the glass transition temperature of polycarbonate decreases with increasing Vectra concentration in the blend, suggesting a partial miscibility between the Vectra liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) and polycarbonate. The miscibility is enhanced through heat treatment at elevated temperatures presumably due to a transesterification reaction. Moreover, the presence of the amorphous poly- carbonate hinders the crystallization of the liquid crystalline polymer in the blends. It was also observed that heat treatment of the Vectra LCP and poly(ethylene terephthalate) blends causes a loss in crystallinity and shifts in transition temperatures of poly(ethylene terephthalate), indicating that exchange reactions occur between Vectra B950 and poly(ethylene terephthalate). Based on these results, a new strategy, in situ compatibilization, is proposed to improve the interfacial adhesion between an LCP and an isotropic polymer. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

The kinetics of isothermal cold crystallization and tensile properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

The exothermic peak that is frequently observed during the heating scan of a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiment of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is due to a cold crystallization process, originating from the rearrangement of amorphous regions into a crystalline phase. In this work the isothermal cold crystallization kinetics of PET was investigated by using DSC, X-ray diffraction and tensile experiments. The isothermal crystallization rate was determined as a function of temperature, and the Avrami analysis was conducted. The results showed that at low temperatures the cold crystallization is a two-regime process, whereas at high temperatures just one stage is observed. The rate constant for isothermal crystallization K increased and the half time of crystallization (t_½) decreased with increasing crystallization temperature. The Avrami exponent n was close to 2, and this corresponds to a disc-like morphology formed by heterogeneous nucleation. Cold crystallization increased the crystallinity and therefore the tensile properties of the samples were enhanced.