脉冲电压沉积制备金属Ni纳米线阵列及磁性能

以硫酸溶液为电解质,采用两步电化学阳极氧化法制备了氧化铝有序多孔膜,孔径为20nm,孔间距为50nm左右,孔洞密度为4.5×1010个/cm2.以此多孔膜为模板,以脉冲信号为沉积电压制备了金属Ni纳米线阵列,单根纳米线直径为15～20nm,择优取向为Ni(220)晶面.磁滞回线结果表明垂直于膜面的方向为易磁化方向,当磁场垂直于膜面时,矩形比高达90.5%,矫顽力为63.84kA/m.     

双扩散AAO模板法制备AgCl纳米线及其光催化性能

采用二次阳极氧化法,制得具有一定厚度有序性较高的阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板,并结合溶液的双扩散法制备AgCl纳米线,利用XRD、SEM和TEM等分析手段对模板和纳米线进行了表征,结果表明,用该方法制备的AgCl纳米线阵列分布均匀,取向性好,直径与AAO模板的孔径一致.通过纳米线阵列膜对罗丹明B的降解情况对其光催化活性进行了测试,结果表明,AgCl纳米线具有良好的光催化性能.     

电化学组装一维纳米线阵列p型Bi2Te3温差电材料

：对p型Bi2Te3温差电材料的电沉积过程进行了研究，分析了添加剂对电沉积过程的影响．在此基础上，以孔径为50nm的阳极氧化铝多孔膜为模板，采用直流电沉积技术，在氧化铝多孔模板的纳米级微孔内电化学组装出了P型Bi2Te3纳米线阵列温差电材料，性能研究表明，p型Bi2Te3纳米线阵列的温差电性能远远超过具有相同组成的块状温差电材料。     

模板法制备CuO分叉纳米线

通过3次阳极氧化制备具有分叉结构的氧化铝模板,在氧化铝模板的纳米孔洞中,用电化学方法沉积铜纳米线,经过500℃、30h氧化处理,成功制备出具有分叉结构的CuO纳米线.分别用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对样品的形貌和晶体结构进行了表征测试.SEM观察结果氧化铝模板的纳米孔洞相互平行、分布均匀,枝干的孔心距约为120nm,枝叉的孔心距约为70nm.TEM观察显示纳米线各部分粗细均匀.样品的XRD分析表明分叉纳米线阵列的晶体结构为CuO.     

多孔氧化铝模板的制备研究

以草酸为电解液，采用二次阳极氧化法制备多孔有序氧化铝模板，研究了氧化电压、电解液浓度、去一次氧化膜时间和二次阳极氧化时间对多孔氧化铝膜结构的影响。结果表明，退火后在60V电压、0．6mol／L的草酸溶液中、去一次阳极氧化膜5h、二次阳极氧化15h制备的膜结构孔洞均匀有序、孔径达80nm、孔密度达8．2×10^9个／cm...     

多孔氧化铝模板的制备研究

以草酸为电解液,采用二次阳极氧化法制备多孔有序氧化铝模板,研究了氧化电压、电解液浓度、去一次氧化膜时间和二次阳极氧化时间对多孔氧化铝膜结构的影响。结果表明,退火后在60V电压、0.6mol/L的草酸溶液中、去一次阳极氧化膜5h、二次阳极氧化15h制备的膜结构孔洞均匀有序、孔径达80nm、孔密度达8.2×109个/cm2。     

纳米多孔阳极氧化铝膜形貌的控制研究

采用38g／L的草酸溶液为电解液,制备了孔洞规则有序,孔径和厚度均一可控的氧化铝模板,并研究了阳极氧化工艺对阳极氧化铝膜形貌的影响。实验结果表明,采用38g／L的草酸溶液作为电解液,经两步法阳极氧化可制得孔径均一,排列规则的多孔阳极氧化铝膜。随着氧化电流密度的升高,氧化膜孔径逐渐增大。电流密度过大,反应放热严重,氧化铝膜孔径均匀性,孔洞形状规则性和有序性都下降。在恒电流密度条件下,氧化膜厚度随着氧化时问的延长呈线性增长,但对氧化铝膜孔径影响较小。     

铝基氧化铝模板制备Ag纳米线及其电化学性质

采用电沉积的方法,以减薄阻挡层后的铝基多孔阳极氧化铝(AAO)为模板,制备了银纳米线。采用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)等检测手段对产物的形貌和结构进行了表征。实验结果表明,所得的银纳米线具有面心立方结构,长度超过4μm,平均直径60nm左右。将所制备的银纳米线制成电极,电化学性能测试表明,银纳米线具有良好的可逆性和较高的比电容,当电流密度为5mA/cm2时,单电极比容量达到1110F/g。机理分析表明,一维结构的Ag纳米线对于提高电化学电容器的综合性能具有重要意义。     

交流电沉积制备SnO2纳米线及其电沉积条件研究

采用阳极氧化的方法制备了孔径为30～50nm多孔阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板,用交流(AC)电沉积法在氧化铝模板孔洞内沉积金属锡,然后在空气中750℃加热含锡的模板10h,热氧化制备了直径在30～50nm SnO2纳米线．用扫描电子显微镜,透射电子显微镜,X射线衍射仪对所制备的SnO2纳米线进行了表征,表明所制备的纳米线为多晶结构．并通过改变交流电沉积过程中的电压,频率和热氧化时间来考察不同沉积条件对沉积结果的影响,发现采用交流沉积制备金属纳米线的过程中,频率和电压是影响沉积结果的关键因素．     

模板法Li4Ti5O12纳米线阵列的制备及其机理分析

通过溶胶填充模板法制备了Li4Ti5O12纳米线阵列,采用SEM、EDS、XRD对纳米线形貌和组成进行了表征.实验结果表明:以孔径为100nm阳极氧化铝模板(AAO),于-0.1MPa负压环境中填充0.8 mol/L Li4Ti5O12溶胶,80℃干燥,900℃空气气氛中焙烧20h,重复填充-干燥-焙烧四次,得到平均直径为70nm尖晶石结构的Li4Ti5O12纳米线阵列.其直径和长度分别由模板的孔径、厚度,溶胶浓度和填充次数控制,晶体结构取决于焙烧时间和温度.并在实验基础上,分析了纳米线形成机理.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Synthesis of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites by Solgel Process

Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Friction Stir Processing Strategies for Uniform Distribution of Reinforcement in a Surface Composite

Friction stir processing (FSP) is an important technique for preparing surface composites. Fabricating defect-free surface composites with uniform particle distribution by FSP is a challenging task. In this study, silicon carbide particles reinforced AA5083 alloy surface composites was fabricated using different FSP strategies including variation in process parameters, dual-tool processing and tool offset overlapping. Material flow of the processed material with reinforcement particles demonstrated that the distribution of particles was influenced by the stirring action of the probe as well as the extrusion of the plasticized material due to the movement of the tool. Process parameters, particularly rotational speed, showed a dominant influence on the distribution of silicon carbide particles.