Effects of water-restricted panel on the casting process of high strength aluminum alloy ingots

A comprehensive mathematical model, based on the commercial package FLUENT, was developed to describe heat transfer, fluid flow and solidification during the steady-state of direct-chill (DC) casting 7050 aluminum alloy ingots. In order to verify the mathematic model and boundary conditions applied in the simulation, the temperature fields of 180 mm × 360 mm 7050 ingots were calculated and compared to the experimental results during conventional casting and water-restricted panel applied casting. There was a perfect agreement between them. Based on the mathematic model and the boundary conditions which were verified, the temperature fields of ingot with different water-restricted panel position were investigated. The cooling rate of the ingot was decreased because the water-restricted panel removes the coolant from the ingot surface. The higher the panel position, the slower the cooling rate. The hot-tearing susceptibility of ingot during casting could be suppressed as the slow cooling rate of ingot profits the stress relieving. In addition, the sump depth is sensitive to the panel position, the higher the panel, the deeper the sump. The sump depth increases remarkably when the panel is applied above the sump bottom during conventional casting, while increases slightly when the panel is applied below it.     

Effect of electromagnetic field on macrosegregation of continuous casting 7075 alloy

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＭａｃｒｏｓｅｇｒｅｇａｔｉｏｎｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｐｒｏｎｏｕｎｃｅｄｄｅ ｆｅｃｔｓｄｕｒｉｎｇｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｏｕｓｃａｓｔｉｎｇｏｆａｌｕｍｉｎｕｍａｌｌｏｙｓ ,ｗｈｉｃｈｌｅａｄｓｔｏｌａｒｇｅ ｓｃａｌｅｉｎｈｏｍｏｇｅｎｅｉｔｙｏｆａｌｌｏｙｉｎｇｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｓ .ＡｓａｔｙｐｉｃａｌＡｌ Ｚｎ Ｍｇ Ｃｕａｌｌｏｙ ,70 75ａｌｌｏｙ ｓａｓ ｃａｓｔｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｓｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｓｅｖｅｒｅｉｎｖｅｒｓｅｓｅｇｒｅｇａｔｉｏｎ .Ａｌｌｏｙｉｎｇｅｌ ｅ…     

电磁铸造铝合金大板坯的变形研究

设计了电磁铸造模拟试验装置,研究了电磁铸造大板坯工艺参数,如浇注温度、冷却水量、喷水孔距等对板坯变形的影响,探索板坯的变形与其凝固阶段温度场的关系及其控制方法。实验结果表明：合理调整影响板坯凝固进程的电磁铸造工艺参数,能够有效地减小变形,提高板坯平直度。     

工艺参数对电磁铸造铝板坯温度场的影响

采用数值方法模拟电磁铸造过程的温度场，详细讨论了各种工艺参数，如宽厚比，浇注温度，铸造速度，冷却水量，喷水位置，喷水孔分布，感应热等对铝板坯凝固过程和温度场分布的影响规律，为电磁铸造工艺参数设计提供可靠依据。     

半连续铸造铝合金圆锭冷却过程传热研究

通过试验法测定了铸造过程中φ100 mm的铝合金铸锭近表面的动态温度,采用逆向法计算出其水冷段的换热系数.结果表明,随着铸锭表面温度的降低,换热系数逐渐增大;在温度由400℃降至130℃的过程中,换热系数急剧增大,在130℃左右时达到最大,其最大值大约为23000 W/(m·K);当温度继续降低时,铸锭表面换热系数迅速减小.最后分析了换热系数变化的原因.     

电解铝液生产大尺寸扁锭工艺技术研究

分析了影响铝合金铸锭质量的主要因素,总结了用电解铝生产大扁锭关键熔炼、铸造工艺.通过控制合理的冷却强度、铸造温度、铸造速度、结晶器液面高度等工艺参数,生产出优质大尺寸扁锭.     

EFFECT OF LOW-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD ON THE AS-CASTING MICROSTRUCTURES AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HDC 2024 ALUMINUM ALLOY

The influences of the low frequency electromagnetic field on the horizontal direct chill casting process were investigated experimentally. Ingots of 2024 aluminum alloy with a cross size of 40 mm× 200 mm were produced by the conventional horizontal chill casting process and low frequency electromagnetic horizontal chill casting processre- spectively. The as-cast structures and the mechanical property of the ingots were examined. The results showed that the low frequency electromagnetic field could sub- stantially refine the microstructures and pronouncedly reduce the macrosegregation in the horizontal direct chill casting process. Moreover, the surface quality of the ingot was prominently improved by the low frequency electromagnetic field. The fracture strength and elongation percentage of the ingot was increased with the low frequency electromagnetic field.     

连铸坯凝固末端电磁搅拌位置及连铸工艺优化

为了预测180 mm×220 mm轴承钢方坯的凝固末端位置,对国内某厂方坯连铸机开展射钉试验,并基于Thercast模拟仿真研究了连铸工艺参数(过热度、冷却强度、拉速)对凝固末端位置的研究。结果表明,在过热度20 ℃、拉速0.85 m/min下,180 mm×220 mm轴承钢方坯的凝固终点距离弯月面11.39 m,而末端电磁搅拌位置在11.40 m,无法充分发挥末端电磁搅拌的作用。根据射钉试验、Thercast仿真结果、设备条件、生产节奏等因素对连铸工艺进行了优化,适当降低结晶器水和足辊水量,保持其他参数不变。连铸坯低倍质量表明,工艺优化前铸坯中心存在疏松缩孔,工艺优化后中心疏松为1级、中心偏析为0级,满足质量要求。此外,通过9点法检验了工艺优化后的铸坯碳极差,其值不高于0.12%,满足质量要求。     

Structures and macrosegregation of a 2024 aluminum alloy fabricated by direct chill casting with double cooling field

Central region coarse grains and centerline segregation are common defects in aluminum ingots fabricated by direct chill(DC)casting.A double cooling field was introduced into the DC casting process to reduce these defects,whereby the external cooling was supplied by the mold and water jets,and intercooling was achieved by inserting a rod of the same alloy into the molten pool along the central axis of the ingot.Rather than forming a good metallurgical interface during solid-liquid compound casting,in the present work,the purpose of inserting the rod is to enforce internal cooling and consequently decrease the sump depth.Moreover,the insertion provides more nucleation sites with the unmoltenα-Al particles.The structure and the macrosegregation of 2024 Al alloy ingots prepared by DC casting with and without the inserts were investigated.Results show that when the inserting position is 50 mm above the upper edge of the graphite ring,significant grain refinement in the central region of the ingot and a reduced centerline segregation are achieved.     

Rapid air film continuous casting of aluminum alloy using static magnetic field

The influences of the cooling style and static magnetic field on the air film casting process were investigated. Ingots of 6063 aluminum alloy were produced by AIRSOL VEIL casting with double-layer cooling water and static magnetic field. Surface segregation, hot crack and variation of solute content along the radius direction of ingot were examined. The results showed that double-layer cooling water can improve the surface quality and avoid of hot crack, which created conditions to increase the casting spe...     

板坯连铸铸流电磁搅拌辊的设计与应用

利用有限元分析软件对板坯连铸铸流电磁搅拌辊的磁路结构及应用参数进行设计。根据连铸机辊列图,计算了铸流电磁搅拌辊的安装位置及各使用工艺参数下等轴晶率。在满足安装空间的基础上,计算了一定铁芯尺寸下的最佳安匝数、磁场强度、电磁搅拌辊各组件温度分布、辊套变形量等参数。模拟结果表明,电磁搅拌辊安装在扇形段1号段的1号位和9号位能得到47.6%~61.6%的等轴晶率。在辊套直径240 mm的尺寸下,结合绕线空间及安装空间,铁芯直径最大尺寸为127 mm,此铁芯尺寸下的最大电流为400 A。计算的搅拌辊温度分布、辊套变形量指导了工程冷却水量设计及机械结构设计。试验结果表明,数值模拟的磁感应强度与实际测试的磁感应强度基本一致。通过实际运行结果发现,设计的冷却水量满足冷却要求。浇注断面为200 mm×1 000 mm的400系不锈钢铸坯在拉速为0.9 m/min时,铸坯的等轴晶率为55%,这与设计值基本一致。模拟结果正确指导了板坯连铸铸流电磁搅拌辊的设计与应用。     

提高连铸机铸坯质量的措施

对连铸机浇注系统进行改进,稳定浇注,减小铝液落差,防止铝液二次污染;对冷却水系统进行改进,提高冷却强度,改善铝液冷却效果;同时,加强结晶轮的使用维护,保持铸造工艺参数的平衡稳定。可以优化铸锭质量,为生产优质的电工圆铝杆提供有利条件。     

铝合金扁锭热顶电磁铸造技术

根据热顶-电磁铸造的基本思想,设计了一套适合于制取铝合金扁锭的热顶-电磁成型系统,用小线圈法测量了系统内的磁场强度,计算了电磁压力分布,并与普通电磁铸造成型系统的结果进行对比分析;依据热顶电磁铸造的成型条件,确定了相关的控制参数;通过大量的拉坯实验,探讨了热顶对防止电磁铸造坯易产生表面夹杂缺陷的作用.结果表明:采用热顶-电磁铸造法不仅可有效去除电磁铸造中因电磁搅拌产生的氧化夹杂,而且使得电磁铸造过程简便而易于控制.     

Investigation of Out-Phase Electromagnetic Casting of Aluminum Alloy

The influences of out-phase electromagnetic field on the as-cast structure of horizontal direct chill casting aluminum alloy ingot were experimental by and numerical by studied. The results of numerical analysis show that the interaction of the out-phase electromagnetic field and the melt can generate an electromagnetically induced forced flow in the melt, which, in turn, changes flow pattern and temperature field in the mold. The as-cast structure of the ingot can be greatly improved by the changes of flow...     

铝圆坯水平直流电磁连铸温度场和热应力场分析

建立了水平直流电磁连铸铝圆坯温度场和热力场数学模型。计算结果表明：无水空气冷却时,１０ｍｍ铝圆坯允许拉速为２．４ｍｍ／ｍｉｎ,喷水冷却时可提高到１ｍ／ｍｉｎ以上,有工业应用前景。喷水强制冷却时铝圆坯热应力不会引起裂纹。     

电磁场频率对电磁铸造7075铝合金微观组织的影响

观察了电磁场频率对电磁铸造705铝合金圆锭（直径为200mm)微观组织的影响；在10－100Hz范围内采用不同的电磁场频率通过电磁铸造工艺制得7075铝合金铸锭，分析其微观组织及合金元素分布情况，结果表明，电磁场频率的发言为可显著影响熔体的凝固组织，频率为30Hz时可最有效地抑制宏观偏析，改善铸锭的表面质量，15Hz时能够更有效地细化晶粒。     

工艺参数与模具结构对压铸模具温度场的影响

运用有限元分析软件ProCAST对压铸模进行了压铸过程热分析,研究了浇注温度、冷却水的温度、冷却水管的直径、以及冷却水管的位置对模具温度场的影响。结果表明,在压铸过程中模具温度呈周期性的变化。冷却水管的直径(即冷却水的流量)可调节模具内部温度变化,采用φ10.5 mm的管径,冷却效果好。改变水温,模具温度变化基本一致。     

连续铸造铝锭水冷边界换热条件的分析

水冷边界换热是影响连续铸造铝铝工艺过程和铸锭品质的关键因素之一,总结了近些年连续铸造铝锭水冷边界换热条件的研究成果,归纳分析了水冷边界换热条件的方法和步骤。     

白铜管热型连铸的温度场

采用在铸型上定点检测温度,再用ANSYS分析软件计算温度场的方法,研究了铸型温度、冷却距离、连铸速度等工艺参数对白铜管热型连铸温度场的影响.根据温度分布曲线,求出了凝固前沿固液两相区的长度和位置,分析了工艺参数对两相区长度和位置的影响,以及由此对连铸过程和铸件质量的影响.在正确选择工艺参数从而确定两相区位置后,顺利连铸出直径10 mm、壁厚2 mm、表面光滑平直的白铜管.     

制备参数对HCCM水平连铸Cu-0.36Be-0.46Co铍铜合金板材表面质量、组织和性能的影响

采用热冷组合铸型(HCCM)水平连铸工艺制备了宽度300 mm、厚度10 mm的Cu-0.36%Be-0.46%Co(质量分数)合金板材,研究制备参数对连铸合金板材固/液界面位置和形状、表面质量和组织的影响规律。结果表明:随着热型加热温度的降低、冷型段一次冷却水流量的增大和拉坯速度的降低,合金板材的表面质量随之提高。随着热型加热温度的升高、一次冷却水流量的减小和拉坯速度的增大,合金固/液界面位置从热型段向冷型段移动,沿板材宽度方向的固/液界面形状由凸向固相的“U”状转变为“W”状,且凸向固相程度增大,组织变化为粗大平直柱状晶→细长对称倾斜柱状晶→混晶→等轴晶。合理的制备参数为热型加热温度1100℃、拉坯速度50 mm/min、一次冷却水流量Qul=Qur=400 h/L、Qum=600 h/L、Qll=Qlr=400 h/L和Qlm=600 h/L。所制备的合金板材具有良好的表面质量和沿连铸方向柱状晶组织,表面粗糙度Ra=2.2μm,屈服强度和抗拉强度分别为212 MPa和353 MPa,断后伸长率为35.0%,无需表面处理可直接用于后续冷轧加工。