糖-蛋白质混合体系泡沫分离过程研究

利用环流泡沫分离技术对若干糖 -蛋白质 (牛血清白蛋白 )混合模拟体系进行了分离实验 ,研究了 p H值对溶液表面张力和分离效果的影响 ,在综合考虑蛋白质泡沫夹带量、去除率、糖的损失率及分离因子的基础上 ,得到了泡沫分离的最优 p H值。研究结果表明 ,采用环流泡沫分离技术可以实现糖与蛋白质的分离 ,是生物多糖与蛋白质初级分离的一种有效方法     

泡沫分离设备的研究进展

作为一种新型分离技术,泡沫分离技术具有设备简单、能耗低、易于操作、低浓度条件下效率高和无污染等优点,该技术在降低表面活性物质分离成本方面具有极大的潜力,在工业上得到了广泛的应用。本工作分析了近年来文献报道中应用于分离回收蛋白质、有机污染物、天然产物、金属离子、微藻等的各种泡沫分离设备,并结合泡沫分离技术的发展历程将其分为传统泡沫分离设备和改进泡沫分离设备。重点阐述了改进泡沫分离设备的作用机理和分离效果,突显泡沫分离技术的重要性。改进型泡沫分离设备在一定程度上提高了分离效果,但依然存在一些问题,如很多设备在提高富集比的同时也降低了回收率。     

泡沫分离蛋白质和酶

一、前言泡沫分离就是泡沫吸附分离技术。泡沫从塔中上升,其持液量逐渐减少,在塔顶使泡沫破碎,同收气液界面吸附的溶顷,因而表面活性物质就被浓缩或分离。由于蛋白质和酶具有极性和非极性基团,在气液界面可被优先吸附。泡沫分离是从极稀溶液中分离或     

卧式加压溶气泡沫分离水溶液中低含量蛋白质

以大豆蛋白为目标蛋白,蛋白水溶液为模拟体系,采用卧式加压溶气泡沫分离装置考察了原料液流量、pH值、溶气水流量等因素对蛋白质脱除率的影响,并根据其分子结构特征从过程工程视角分析了以卧式泡沫分离装置由水中去除的优势.结果表明,最佳操作条件为:原料液浓度8mg/L,原料液流量50L/h,pH值4.5,溶气水流量275L/h,该条件下水中蛋白质的脱除率可达90.5%.     

pH对酪蛋白/十二烷基硫酸钠体系泡沫性能及泡沫分离酪蛋白的影响

为强化表面活性剂对起泡性差的蛋白质泡沫分离,以酪蛋白/十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)为研究体系,用吊环法和Ross-Miles法分别研究了pH对酪蛋白/SDS体系表面张力、泡沫性能的影响,在此基础上考察了pH对SDS辅助酪蛋白泡沫分离效果的影响。结果表明,20℃条件下,随着pH下降,酪蛋白/SDS体系的表面张力下降,起泡高度变大,泡沫半衰期增长。在气速为120mL·min-1,SDS浓度为0.03g·L-1,酪蛋白浓度为0.05g·L-1,装液量为850mL条件下,SDS辅助酪蛋白泡沫分离的最佳pH为3.4,偏离了酪蛋白的等电点(pI=4.8),在此条件下酪蛋白泡沫分离的富集比为96.37,回收率为25.12%。     

泡沫相部分水平泡沫分离塔强化分离牛血清蛋白的工艺研究

为了加强泡沫相排液,提高目的产物的富集比,设计了一种新型泡沫分离塔即泡沫相部分水平泡沫分离塔.以传统泡沫相垂直泡沫分离塔为对照塔,以牛血清蛋白(BSA)为体系,考察了表观气速、装液量、物料初始浓度和初始pH对牛血清蛋白(BSA)富集比和回收率的影响.结果表明泡沫相部分水平泡沫分离塔有效减小了泡沫相排液的阻力,提高了BS...     

泡沫分离技术及其发展现状

探讨了泡沫分离技术的原理、泡沫分离设备及泡沫分离技术的研究进展。泡沫分离过程的性能受很多因素的影响 ,例如 ,进料液浓度、气泡尺寸、气体流量、泡沫的排液、进料位置、聚并、温度等。阐述了现有的几种新技术 ,如低重力条件操作、通过压力梯度而提高分离效率。此外 ,还简要介绍了泡沫分离塔中传质单元数和传质单元高度的概念。     

麻黄强化泡沫分离甘草酸的工艺研究

为了提高泡沫分离甘草中甘草酸的分离效果,开发了甘草麻黄配伍泡沫分离工艺,并就麻黄对浸提液泡沫性能的影响进行了研究。结果表明,麻黄强化了甘草酸的提取,但降低了浸提液中甘草苷的浓度,使得浸提液的泡沫性能发生变化而影响泡沫分离甘草酸的分离效果。以甘草酸的富集比和回收率为评价指标,研究了温度、气体体积流量、甘草酸初始浓度和甘草麻黄质量配比对分离效果的影响。结果表明当温度为40℃、气体体积流量为100 m L×min~(-1)、甘草酸初始浓度为0.2 g×L~(-1)和甘草麻黄质量配比为5:3时,获得甘草酸的富集比和回收率分别为8.34和62.5%。与单独泡沫分离甘草中甘草酸相比,甘草酸的富集比提高了121.7%,而回收率并未明显降低。因此,麻黄的引入有效地提高了泡沫分离甘草酸的分离效果。     

螺旋构件强化排液的泡沫分离塔用于牛血清蛋白分离

引言 泡沫分离技术又称泡沫吸附分离技术[1],是以气泡作为分离介质,利用被分离组分在气液两相界面吸附性质的差异进行浓缩溶液中表面活性组分.在泡沫分离过程中,通过空气分布器在泡沫塔液相中产生气泡,气泡沿着轴向向上流动,被分离表面活性组分吸附在气泡的气液两相界面上,当吸附接近平衡后,气泡离开液相,在液相上方形成泡沫相.     

泡沫分离技术专利分析

泡沫分离技术具有成本低、环境友好、效率高的优势。对历年泡沫分离技术在中国专利申请中的整体态势进行分析,介绍了其在废水处理、生物、医药、化工等领域中的应用,分析了泡沫分离技术在中国的发展方向。     

Analysis of Gas Centrifuge Cascade for Separation of Multicomponent Isotopes and Optimal Feed Position

Abstract

Analysis of the concentration distribution in a gas centrifuge cascade for separation of multicomponent isotope mixtures is different from that in a cascade for separation of two-component mixtures. This paper presents the governing equations for a multicomponent isotope separation cascade. Numerically predicted separation factors for the gas centrifuge cascade agree well with the experimental data. A theoretical optimal feed position is derived for a short square cascade for a two-component mixture in a close-separation case. The optimal feed position for a gas centrifuge cascade for separation of multicomponent mixture is discussed.     

Separation of multicomponent aromatic/aliphatic mixtures by simulated moving bed adsorption: Modeling and experiments

Simulated moving bed (SMB) adsorption has potential for efficient separation of many valuable chemical mixtures, but considerably less attention has been devoted to multicomponent feeds relative to binary mixtures. We take a rigorous experimental and modeling approach to study multicomponent separation of aromatics and aliphatics with a mesoporous silica adsorbent, which is relevant in many petrochemical applications such as separation of reformate and distillate streams. Our approach involves refining multicomponent adsorption, mass transfer, and SMB process parameters based upon detailed experimental inputs, with progressive addition of components. We develop a robust model that quantitatively predicts the influence of key operating parameters such as stream flow rates, desorbent/feed ratio, and switch time on the separation results and concentration profiles. The model is validated as a function of feed complexity by SMB experiments and column concentration profile measurements in a 16-column mini-plant. Furthermore, conditions for clear separation of each mixture are developed.     

Chromatographic Separation by Foam

Abstract

The development of a unique chromatographic separation method based on liquid foams is described. The sorption bed is liquid foam moving in a tall vertical column in plug flow manner. The foam is eluted from the top counter-currently to its motion. The mechanism of separation of mixtures is based on adsorption to bubble surface and/or utilizing the foam producing surfactant as a selective carrier. It is shown how this technique can be used for pulse as well as for continuous chromatographic separations. Results of some systematic studies on the effect of two independent variables, foam velocity and elution rate, on separation of mixtures of organic dyes is presented and discussed.     

The separation of multicomponent mixtures by gas permeation

Two types of modules are most common in gas permeation: the hollow fibre module and the spiral wound module. With some simplifying assumptions regarding the flow pattern, the separation characteristics of such modules can be calculated for binary and ternary mixtures.More important in practice, however, is the separation of multicomponent mixtures. This paper discusses the design of multicomponent systems including cases where non-permeating components or carrier gases at the permeate side are present.The results of some calculations are discussed and compared with the usual short-cut method based on the assumption of a pseudo-binary mixture. The results demonstrate that the reduction of a multicomponent mixture to a pseudo-binary mixture is only reasonable when components of similar permeability are lumped together. Serious deviations with respect to membrane area or product composition must be expected for larger differences in permeabilities.     

The separation of multicomponent mixtures by gas permeationDie trennung von vielkomponenten-gemischen durch gaspermeation

Two types of modules are most common in gas permeation: the hollow fibre module and the spiral wound module. With some simplifying assumptions regarding the flow pattern, the separation characteristics of such modules can be calculated for binary and ternary mixtures.More important in practice, however, is the separation of multicomponent mixtures. This paper discusses the design of multicomponent systems including cases where non-permeating components or carrier gases at the permeate side are present.The results of some calculations are discussed and compared with the usual short-cut method based on the assumption of a pseudo-binary mixture. The results demonstrate that the reduction of a multicomponent mixture to a pseudo-binary mixture is only reasonable when components of similar permeability are lumped together. Serious deviations with respect to membrane area or product composition must be expected for larger differences in permeabilities.     

双膜分离器的数学模型

建立了适用于双膜分离器的数学模型,并用实验数据验证了数学模型的可行性和合理性;对非对称膜渗透过程的数学计算模型作了进一步的探讨,指出在本实验范围内非对称膜的渗透行为与对称膜的渗透行为相近。     

Finding the thermodynamically optimal separation sequence for multicomponent mixtures and the optimum distribution of the heat- and mass-transfer surface areas

The problem of the separation sequence minimizing the energy consumption at a given process capacity for multicomponent mixtures and the problem of the optimal contact area distribution among the separation stages are considered. For thermal separation systems, whose capacity is limited, the dependence of the maximum possible capacity on the separation sequence is analyzed.     

Vapour phase adsorption measurements of c6 hydrocarbon mixtures on synthetic faujasite

A new apparatus is described for measuring pure component isotherms of condensable vapours at temperatures of 25°–150° and pressures up to 600 mm. Facilities are also incorporated into the unit to permit the study of multicomponent adsorption. Without disturbing the adsorption equilibrium, the gas phase can be separated from the adsorbed phase for subsequent analysis by independent methods. With n-hexane, hexene-1, 1,5-hexadiene and benzene on synthetic faujasite at 97°, the pure component isotherms follow the Langmuir equation and the amount adsorbed at saturation has a nearly constant value of 0.23 liq. ml/g. In the adsorption of binary mixtures of benzene and n-hexane at 97°, the separation factor varies strongly with composition and ranges in value from 13 to 52. A maximum factor is observed at intermediate compositions. Hexene-1-n-hexane mixtures under the same conditions give a lower separation factor of 2–3 which is more nearly constant with composition. Data on multicomponent adsorption of other mixtures are also presented.     

Membrane system design for multicomponent gas mixtures via mixed-integer nonlinear programming

An optimal design strategy for membrane networks separating multicomponent gas mixtures based on an approximate permeator model and mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) is proposed. A permeator system superstructure is used to embed a very large number of possible network configurations and allows the permeator feed-side pressure to be fixed or a design variable. A MINLP design model is developed to minimize the total annual process cost by simultaneous optimization of the permeator configuration and operating conditions. Case studies for the separation of acid gases (CO₂ and H₂S) from crude natural gas mixtures with spiral-wound permeators are presented. Permeator configurations are derived for different number of separation stages for both continuous and discrete membrane areas. The method is sufficiently robust to handle product compositions that vary five orders of magnitude. The proposed approach provides an efficient methodology for preliminary screening of multi-stage membrane separation systems for multicomponent gas mixtures.