聚丙烯酸酯乳液在水泥砂浆中的应用

为了提高水泥砂浆的韧性,选用了能形成柔性薄膜结构的聚合物--聚丙烯酸酯乳液对水泥砂浆进行改性.研究了聚丙烯酸酯乳液对水泥砂浆体积密度、抗压强度、抗折强度、韧性、动弹模量和黏结抗拉强度的影响.结果表明:聚丙烯酸酯乳液在一定程度上降低了水泥砂浆体积密度和抗压强度,对抗折强度影响较小,改善了水泥砂浆的韧性,并且可提高黏结抗拉强度.当乳液掺量(质量分数)大于5%时,28 d混合养护聚丙烯酸酯乳液水泥砂浆的压折比降低到3以下,只有当乳液掺量大于10%时,水泥砂浆的黏结抗拉强度才明显提高.     

Physicomechanical properties of irradiated SBR latex polymer‐modified cement mortar composites

This study investigated the effect of styrene–butadiene‐rubber (SBR) latex/cement ratio as well as γ‐irradiation dose on physicomechanical properties of cement mortar. Specimens were prepared with a different SBR/cement mass ratio of 2.5, 5, 10, 15, and 20. Two curing methods were used: wet cure and dry cure. The best specimens were irradiated to doses of 10, 30, and 50 kGy. The compressive strength, total porosity, and bulk density were studied. The result indicated that the compressive strength, total porosity, and the bulk densities of the composites decrease with increase in the polymer cement ratios. In addition, it was observed that the compressive strength of irradiated polymer‐modified cement mortar composites was improved with the increase in the γ‐irradiation dose, and the compressive strength of mix‐cured samples was higher than those wet‐cured samples at any irradiation dose. X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, acid attack, and microstructure of SBR‐modified cement mortar were characterized. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 26:144–154, 2020. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers     

苯丙乳液改性水泥修补砂浆的制备与性能研究

采用复配技术制备苯丙乳液改性水泥修补砂浆,并进行性能研究.探讨了聚合物乳液、偏高岭土、煅烧膨润土等外加剂对该砂浆物理性能的影响.结果表明:苯丙乳液的掺入虽然在一定程度上降低了砂浆的抗压强度,但显著改善了水泥砂浆的和易性和需水量.通过掺加偏高岭土或煅烧膨润土等火山灰活性掺合料可弥补砂浆力学性能的不足.     

聚苯乙烯接枝聚丙烯酸丁酯乳液改性水泥砂浆的性能及微观结构分析

合成了聚苯乙烯（PS）接枝聚丙烯酸丁酯（PBA）乳液（PS?g?PBA）,并将其用于改性水泥砂浆,考察了PS?g?PBA乳液含量及PS与PBA的质量比对改性水泥砂浆的减水率、流动度、力学性能以及毛细孔吸水率的影响。结果表明,3种水泥改性剂的减水效果优异,减水率的极大值为56.7 %,改性水泥砂浆的毛细孔吸水率下降明显,其极小值为0.288 kg/m²;PS?g?PBA乳液对改性水泥砂浆的力学性能也产生重要影响。使抗压强度普遍降低,部分改性砂浆的抗折强度增加,其极大值为8.1 MPa。经扫描电子显微镜观察到了乳胶膜与水泥水化物形成的互穿网络结构以及位于孔洞中正六角形板状的氢氧化钙的晶体结构。综上,PS?g?PBA乳液可以在水泥砂浆中应用。     

吐温⁃80对PB⁃g⁃PSG乳液改性水泥砂浆性能的影响及作用机理

以聚丁二烯（PB）接枝苯乙烯（St）和甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯（GMA）为主要原料制备了水泥砂浆改性剂PB?g?PSG乳液,将吐温?80作为稳定剂加入至PB?g?PSG乳液,再将乳液与水泥、标准砂混合制备了改性水泥砂浆;通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、水泥胶砂流动度测定仪和激光粒度分析仪等仪器观察了改性水泥砂浆的微观形貌,并研究了吐温?80及PB?g?PSG乳液含量对改性水泥砂浆流动性、力学性能、保水率以及吸水性的影响,同时探讨了吐温?80对PB?g?PSG乳液的作用机理。结果表明,改性水泥砂浆的保水效果优异,保水率的最大值为99.3 %;改性水泥砂浆的吸水质量随吐温?80含量的增加先降后增;改性水泥砂浆的流动性增强,其抗压强度随PB?g?PSG乳液含量的增加而逐渐降低,且小于未改性的水泥砂浆,其抗折强度随PB?g?PSG乳液含量的增加先增后降,且基本高于未改性的水泥砂浆,当PB?g?PSG乳液含量为10 %（质量分数,下同）时,抗折强度最高,为9.52 MPa;PB?g?PSG乳液对水泥水化物具有黏合及桥接作用,二者能够形成互穿网络结构;吐温?80分子结构中的亲水基团能够将水吸附在PB?g?PSG乳液粒子的表面并形成一层很厚的水化层,使乳胶粒子之间被隔离而避免了凝聚的发生。     

Influence of PP fiber and SBR latex on the mechanical properties of crumb rubber mortar

This article presents a new kind of rubber mortar modified by polypropylene fiber (PP fiber) and styrene‐butadiene rubber latex (SBR latex). The mechanical properties of this crumb rubber mortar were investigated in the research, including the compressive strength, flexural strength, flexural toughness, and flexural elasticity modulus. The test results showed that the flexural toughness index of the rubber mortar was seen to enhance by about 50–100% with the addition of PP fiber and SBR polymer latex. Due to the addition of PP fiber and SBR latex, the flexural elastic modulus of rubber mortar could further reduce by 4–27%. The three‐phase composite dispersion model of this rubber mortar was put forward. Furthermore, it was observed from scanning electron micrograph that the interfacial transition zone between the rubber particles and cement paste was enhanced by the SBR latex, and the interleaving of polymer films and rubber particles strengthen the flexibility and toughness of the mortar. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40591.     

硅烷偶联剂对复合水泥砂浆性能的影响

通过红外光谱分析及砂浆强度测试，研究了硅烷偶联剂对不同种类复合水泥砂浆的稠度、分层度、抗折强度及抗压强度的影响。结果表明，加入硅烷偶联剂能提高普通水泥砂浆、苯丙胶乳改性水泥砂浆的抗折强度和抗压强度；当硅烷偶联剂质量分数为0．5％时，普通水泥砂浆的抗折强度和抗压强度达到极大值，提高约10％；当硅烷偶联剂质量分数为1％时，苯丙胶乳改性水泥砂浆的抗折强度和抗压强度达到极大值，提高约20％；同时，硅烷偶联剂还能增大普通水泥砂浆和苯丙胶乳改性水泥砂浆的稠度，但砂浆的分层度略有增大。加入经硅烷偶联剂处理的钢纤维，能够提高普通水泥砂浆及苯丙胶乳改性水泥砂浆的抗折强度和抗压强度；当钢纤维用硅烷偶联剂质量分数为1％的硅烷偶联剂水溶液处理时，钢纤维增强砂浆的抗折、抗压强度达到极大值，提高10％以上。     

可再分散乳胶粉耐水性能改进初探

以醋酸乙烯(VAc)、丙烯酸(AA)和C4等作为共聚单体,以保护胶体B4(普通型)或A3(特殊型)作为改性剂,采用高速离心喷雾干燥法制备可再分散乳胶粉。将该胶粉作为砂浆的改性剂,通过对比试验优选出较适宜的保护胶体。结果表明:采用A3制备的胶粉具有良好的可再分散性、成膜性(干、湿膜拉伸强度分别为28.1、3.6 MPa,干、湿膜的断裂伸长率分别为315.8%、109.2%)和耐水性,由其配制而成的聚合物改性砂浆具有相对较低的吸水量(A3体系的吸水量比B4体系降低了64.4%)。     

Experimental study on properties of polymer-modified cement mortars with silica fume

This paper discussed the flexural and the compressive strengths of polyacrylic ester (PAE) emulsion and silica fume (SF)-modified mortar. The chloride ion permeability in cement mortar and the interfacial microhardness between aggregates and matrix were measured. The chemical reactions between polymer and cement-hydrated product were investigated by the infrared spectral technology. The results show that the decrease of porosity and increase of density of cement mortars can be achieved by the pozzolanic effect of SF, the water-reducing and -filling effect of polymer. Lower porosity and higher density can give cement mortars such properties as higher flexural and compressive strength, higher microhardness value in interfacial zone and lower effective diffusion coefficient of chloride ion in matrix.     

Properties of latex blends and its modified cement mortars

In this paper, the mechanical properties of three latex blends and the mechanical properties and chloride diffusivity of the latex-modified mortars are studied. The relationships between the properties of polymer films formed from latex blends and the properties of the latex blend-modified mortars are illustrated. The test results showed that the modified mortar with the blend of styrene-acrylic ester (SAE) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) showed synergistic effect; especially the flexural strength of the SAE/SBR blend-modified mortars was about 20-40% higher than that of monolatex-modified mortars. However, the vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer (PVDC)/SBR and PVDC/SAE blends-modified mortars showed antisynergistic effect. The compressive strength of the modified mortars increased with the increasing of the tensile strength of the latex films, while the flexural strength of the modified mortars did not depend on the tensile strength of the latex films. When PVDC with the mass fraction of 0.2 or SAE copolymer emulsion with mass fraction of 0.4 was blended into SBR latex, the latex blend-modified mortars showed lower chloride diffusivity. The chloride diffusivity of the modified mortars increased approximately linear with the tensile strength of the latex blend films, and decreased with increase of the elongation at rupture of the latex blend films. When the elongation at rupture of the latex blend films increased from 200-300% to more than 800%, the chloride diffusivity of the modified mortars decreased from 10-15×10⁻¹² to 3-4×10⁻¹² m²/s.     

功能性苯丙乳液改性水泥基材料的研究

以苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸酯和反应性离子型乳化剂乙烯基磺酸盐、苯乙烯磺酸盐及反应性非离子型乳化剂甲基丙烯酸聚乙二醇酯为原料通过自由基水乳液聚合制备了苯丙共聚物乳液。研究了乳液用量对水泥净浆和水泥砂浆等水泥基材料的减水率、强度、粘接性能和耐水性能的影响。结果表明，共聚物乳液对水泥基材料减水率和粘接性具有大的贡献并具有优良的耐水性，并且对水泥无明显的缓凝作用。水泥净浆和水泥砂浆的减水率分别高达42％和32％。拉伸强度比空白分别增大206％和215％，28d抗压强度分别从65．3MPa增大到83．2MPa和从52．5MPa增大到58．2MPa，砂浆抗折强度从6．8MPa增大至12．5MPa。水泥净浆和水泥砂浆的24h吸水性分别为0．83％和0．33％。     

Performance of polymer-modified self-leveling mortars with high polymer-cement ratio for floor finishing

Recently, polymer-modified mortar has been studied for proposed use on industrial floors as top coat with thin thickness, typically 5-15 mm. The purpose of this study is to evaluate basic properties of self-leveling materials using polymer dispersions as kinds of SBR latex, PAE and St/BA emulsions for thin coatings (under 3 mm in thickness). Superplasticizer and thickener have been included in the mixes to reduce bleeding and drying shrinkage as well as to facilitate the workability required. The self-leveling materials using four types of polymer dispersion are prepared with polymer-cement ratios of 50% and 75%, and were tested for basic characteristics such as density, flow, consistency change and adhesion in tension. The test results showed that the self-leveling mortars using PAE emulsion at a curing age of 28 days were almost equal to those of conventional floor using urethane and epoxy resins. The adhesion in tension of self-leveling mortars using SBR latex and PAE emulsion at a curing age of 3 days is over 1.67 MPa. It was noted that the consistency change is strongly dependent on the type of polymer dispersion. It is concluded that the self-leveling mortars with polymer dispersions can be used in the same manner as conventional floor-finishing materials using thermosetting resin in practical applications.     

Physical and mechanical properties of styrene-butadiene rubber emulsion modified cement mortars

Polymer-modified cement mortars were prepared by varying polymer/cement mass ratio (P/C) with a constant water/cement mass ratio of 0.4. The effect of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) emulsion on the physical and mechanical properties of cement mortars is studied. With P/C below 10%, the toughness of the modified mortars enhances with the increase of P/C. A relationship between the physical and mechanical properties of the modified cement mortars at P/C below 10% is found; that is, the compressive strength and flexural strength of the modified mortars are directly proportional to the apparent bulk density. But when P/C is above 10%, the mechanical properties are not highly dependent on the apparent bulk density, and the flexural and compressive strength of the mortars are not improved further with more polymer. Two curing methods [wet cure: 2, 6 or 27 days immersed in 20 °C water; mixed cure: 6 days immersed in 20 °C water followed by 21 days at 20 °C and 70% relative humidity (RH)] were also evaluated in this paper. The results have shown that the mixed cure is more beneficial to the improvement of the mortar properties. A possible mechanism for polymer modification and the relationship between the physical and mechanical properties is proposed based on SEM and IR analyses. The interpenetrating structure between the polymeric phase and cement hydrates forms at a P/C of 8%, and fully develops at a P/C of 10%. The properties of the polymer-modified mortars are influenced by the polymer film, cement hydrates and the combined structure between the organic and inorganic phases.     

树脂水泥砂浆建筑粘合剂的性能研究

简要研究了几种水性聚合物对水泥基建筑粘接材料的压缩、抗折、粘接强度及防水效果的影响。结果表明，水性聚合物的种类、分子质量和掺量对水泥混凝土的性能有不同的影响，分子质量大且含有活性反应基团的聚合物乳液硅丙乳液比水溶性试验、纤维素衍生物、聚合多元醇和纯丙、苯丙乳液类对水泥基建筑粘接材料的压缩、抗折和粘接性能有较大贡献，在1：1的水泥沙子比下其28d压缩、抗折、粘接和剪切强度分别可达24.7MPa、6.87MPa,0.64MPa(8字模拉伸强度)、6.5MPa，含有机硅功能基特别是含活性有机硅功能基的水性聚合物对提高混凝土的防水效果作用显著，24h吸水性比对照样下降90%以上。     

高沸醇木质素环氧树脂改性水泥砂浆的力学性能研究

用高沸醇竹子木质素合成了木质素环氧树脂和木质素环氧树脂亲水衍生物。用红外光谱对产物进行了表征,并研究了不同聚/灰比和养护条件对高沸醇竹子木质素环氧树脂及其亲水衍生物改性水泥砂浆的力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着聚/灰比的增加,试样的抗折强度提高,而抗压强度降低,试样的韧性增强,当聚/灰比大于0.12时,抗折强度明显提高;混合养护条件所得试样的综合性能优于水养护条件。     

Modification of cement mortars by polymer latex

The polymer systems of vinyl latex, epoxy latex/resin, and phenol formaldehyde were used to modify sand-cement mortar at room temperature. The compressive strength increased with an increase of the latex/resin concentration, with the addition of CaCl₂ or CaCO₃, and with the addition of superplasticizer. Tensile and flexural strengths also increased with polymer incorporation. The porosity of the modified mortar decreased with the addition of resin. The percentage of water absorption and acid solubility were found to decrease for the latex/resin modified samples. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 63: 1251–1257, 1997     

改性脲醛树脂的合成及性能

采用传统方法合成了脲醛树脂,得出甲醛与尿素的最佳摩尔比为2。采用不同改性剂合成了改性脲醛树脂,得出：随三聚氰胺、聚乙烯醇复合改性剂用量的增加,树脂的游离甲醛含量、固化时间呈逐渐下降趋势,当复合改性剂用量为8%时树脂性能最佳,压缩强度为9.0 MPa;苯酚改性剂的最佳用量为10%,材料的压缩强度为14.2 MPa;糠醛改性剂的最佳用量为15%,材料的压缩强度为19.5 MPa;综合比较,三聚氰胺、聚乙烯醇复合改性剂可以明显降低游离甲醛的含量和固化时间,但材料的压缩强度增加不大,而采用糠醛改性剂制得改性脲醛树脂的压缩强度较大。     

可再分散乳胶粉对水泥砂浆的改性作用

特细砂水泥砂浆一般都存在和易性差、抗裂性能低等缺陷,而可再分散乳胶粉具有改善水泥砂浆各项性能的优点.本文对可再分散乳胶粉对特细砂水泥砂浆的和易性、抗裂性、抗渗性以及粘结性等的影响进行研究,结果表明,可再分散乳胶粉掺量达到1.5％时,特细砂水泥砂浆的压折比最低达到2.49,此时粘结强度和抗裂强度的增加量分别达到49％和84％.     

水泥基自流平砂浆的配制

采用不同水泥种类,通过改变自流平砂浆的各组成材料掺量,研究其对砂浆流动度、抗折强度和抗压强度影响规律,从而得出适宜的掺量范围及基本配合比。综合分析各影响因素,再通过正交试验,优化配合比,根据正交试验,得到结果:乳胶粉、纤维素醚和减水剂掺量分别确定为胶凝材料质量的1.000%、0.075%和0.200%,由此最优配合比制备的自流平砂浆各方面性能较好。     

Latex influence on the mechanical behavior and durability of cementitious materials

The results of an experimental program conducted on latex-modified mortars are presented in this article. These mortars have become of growing interest in the field of construction. They were used as superplasticizers, or water reducers, for finishing work applications and for repairs, coatings, and waterproofing. This study is about using two polymers (latex), i.e. styrene–butadiene rubber and styrene–acrylic, in order to assess their performance in replacing cement in mortars. A series of mortar mixtures, containing 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, and 20% of solid polymer latex (by weight), were prepared and tested in the fresh and hardened states. The test parameters include the fluidity, compressive and flexural strengths, porosity accessible to water, adhesion to clay bricks, and cementitious substrates. The experimental results showed that substituting cement into modified mortars improves their fluidity and adhesion. In the case of clay substrates, a cohesive failure occurs within the substrate layer beyond 10% of substitution, while the rupture takes place at the interface for all formulations tested on cementitious substrates. It was also noted that the flexural tensile strength improved beyond 60 days. However, the compressive strength of polymer mortars decreased with the substitution rate of cement, for all maturities considered. However, for porosity accessible to water, the results follow a linear function, with an inflection at 5% of latex substitution.