采用双膜法作为炼油及化工污水回用系统工艺的应用分析

在超滤+反渗透的双膜法污水回用系统中,其水质含有机物及微生物浓度较大,导致反渗透的化学清洗周期普遍较短。在实际运行中,长反渗透的化学清洗周期方法,除了控制系统上游来水水质达标、加强杀菌外,还发现增加反渗透停机浸泡频率,浸泡时投加NaOH对延长化学清洗周期具有显著作用。     

采用双膜法处理乙烯污水的工程实践

为实现节水减排的目的,抚顺石化乙烯化工厂将二级生化处理的污水进行双膜法处理后,用于循环水补充水,进一步提高水的重复利用率。污水回用核心技术采用超滤和反渗透工艺,经过勾兑处理后出水的主要指标符合乙烯化工循环水补充水的要求。     

双膜法处理印染废水及其回用的工程应用

采用双膜法工艺处理某印染厂印染废水并回用,结果表明,系统运行良好,对COD的去除率达到了99%以上,对浊度、色度的去除率均接近100%,反渗透对盐分的去除率在98%以上。产水水质及水量稳定,满足回用印染要求,工程投资回报率高,经济和环境效益显著。     

双膜法工艺处理回用焦化废水的中试研究

采用双膜法工艺处理回用焦化废水,以混凝沉淀系统作为预处理工艺,保证超滤进水水质。实验周期内,超滤产水水质始终满足SDI15<3、浊度<0.2 NTU和余氯<0.05 mg/L,符合反渗透进水水质要求;反渗透系统产水COD<5 mg/L,电导率稳定在30μS/cm左右,水质指标符合中试预期;对超滤膜元件进行2次化学清洗,通量可基本恢复到初始值;中试期间,反渗透系统一直保持高效稳定运行。     

双膜法深度处理生活污水厂尾水中试研究

常州市某生活污水处理厂尾水属于微污染水体,采用膜法可进一步深度处理并回用,会产生巨大的经济效益和环保价值。本中试实验采用"超滤-反渗透"双膜法深度处理常州市某生活污水处理厂尾水,试验结果表明:"超滤-反渗透"系统对电导率、COD、NH_3~-N、TN、TP的去除率分别为94.98%、93.93%、66.54%、87.58%和96.97%,对其他污染物的去除效果也非常好,出水水质可基本满足多种类型中水回用水质标准。     

膜技术在循环冷却排污水回用中的应用

在电厂循环冷却系统排污水回用中,采用膜技术(超滤一反渗透组合工艺)对循环排污水去浊除盐.通过现场中试试验,确定了膜法回用循环冷却排污水的可行性和回用系统的工艺参数.试验结果表明:超滤产水CODMn0.52～1.12 mg/L,浊度0.047～0.145 NTU,SDI15≤1.2,余氯＜0.04 mg/L,出水水质完全可以满足反渗透进水要求;反渗透系统的脱盐率＞98.5%,出水电导率11.4～13.1μS/cm.     

加载混凝澄清池在印染废水双膜法回用工程中的应用

针对膜分离技术应用于印染废水回用中存在的膜污染问题,采用加载混凝磁分离澄清池工艺对印染废水生化池部分出水进行预处理,再经过超滤-反渗透双膜法进行深度处理,出水COD为9.5 mg/L、浊度为0.01 NTU、色度为2倍、电导率为58μS/cm,SS未检出,水质均达到了HJ 471-2009中染色工艺的水质标准。系统运行稳定,达到了较好的经济效益和环境效益。     

市政反渗透浓水及其深度处理工艺研究进展

基于超滤和反渗透的双膜法工艺可以提供高质量的再生水,然而反渗透过程产生的浓水却难以处理。通过运用市政反渗透浓水深度处理工艺,实现处理后浓水的达标排放,对于推动污水资源化利用具有重要意义。从市政反渗透浓水的成分出发,介绍了市政反渗透浓水的水质特点以及高级氧化法、生化法和物理法在浓水处理中的应用,分析了各处理工艺的特点,为相关研究提供了参考。     

超滤和反渗透技术在电厂中水回用中的应用

以湛江电力有限公司中水回用工程为实例,介绍了超滤+反渗透技术在中水回用处理工艺中的应用。结果表明,超滤+反渗透的双膜法工艺能有效除去中水经预处理后残留的污染物,对有机物、氨氮、无机盐类的去除率分别为91.67%,93.22%,98.49%,出水水质优良且稳定,经离子交换系统处理后,满足锅炉补给水水质要求,在适当的运行维护条件下,长期运行膜性能没有明显变化。     

超滤和反渗透技术在电厂中水回用中的应用

以湛江电力有限公司中水回用工程为实例,介绍了超滤+反渗透技术在中水回用处理工艺中的应用。结果表明,超滤+反渗透的双膜法工艺能有效除去中水经预处理后残留的污染物,对有机物、氨氮、无机盐类的去除率分别为91.67%,93.22%,98.49%,出水水质优良且稳定,经离子交换系统处理后,满足锅炉补给水水质要求,在适当的运行维护条件下,长期运行膜性能没有明显变化。     

SEDIMENTATION OF BINARY MIXTURES OF PARTICLES OF UNEQUAL DENSITIES AND OF DIFFERENT SIZES

A model is developed for the sedimentation from a suspension of two particle species of unequal densities and of different sizes. The composition and the thickness of various layers in the sediments are predicted using graphical and analytical methods. The model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental results, when the particle size ratio was ≥ 108. When size ratio of the particles was 2.60 and 4.31 the agreement occurred in about 50 percent of the cases.     

骑式摩托车油箱喷涂工艺的改进

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。     

COMPARISON OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF GYPSUM1

The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO₃ and determination of CaO by KMnO₄ titration, the SO₃ by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO₄ has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time.     

氢气纯度分析方法准确性的探讨

ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l／3为氧气,2／3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中：A一混…     

HEASUREHENT OF INSTANTANEOUS RATES OF LOSS OF VOIATILE COMPOUNDS DURING DRYING OF DROPS

A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.

Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology.     

用两个形状指数表征粉煤灰颗粒形貌的研究

引用两个形状指数表征颗粒形状的概念,即先将颗粒形状近似为椭圆,再将椭圆图像分离:以圆为基准的颗粒宏观形状指数δ;以光滑椭圆为基准的颗粒轮廓凹凸度,即微观形状指数ζ。分析和发展了近似椭圆模型。并运用图像分析仪对粉煤灰、水泥样品进行实验。结果表明,粉煤灰颗粒的两个形状指数δ和ζ都大于水泥颗粒。证明粉煤灰颗粒的球形度、表面光滑度优于水泥,而且,随着粒径增大,δ和ζ呈下降趋势,表明磨制颗粒越粗。(?)粒形状越不规则。文中还运用近似椭圆模型再现了颗粒的模拟图像。     

典型煤碳燃烧特性研究和数值模拟

本文以三种典型煤的碳燃烧为研究对象，分别采用简单一维沉降燃烧方式和等温加热燃烧方式，实验研究了煤在快速加热条件下，其碳的初期和中，后期燃烧过程。以实验为基础，建立了煤的碳燃烧模型，变工况数值模拟了煤的碳燃烧过程，揭示了煤不同条件下的单颗粒碳燃烧特性。     

ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES

Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log₁₀ viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log₁₀ viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na₂O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al₂O₃ for Na₂O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log₁₀η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature T_a. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log₁₀η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A1₂O₃) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al₂O₃) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log₁₀η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al₂O₃. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log₁₀η due to substitution of an oxide for Na₂O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to of Substitution of B₂O₃ for SiO₂ The change of log₁₀η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log₁₀η per per cent B₂O₃. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na₂O.     

环氧树脂羟基值测定方法的研究

利用乙酸酐、吡啶和浓硫酸混合的乙酰化试剂测定环氧树脂中羟基值含量的方法具有操作简便、滴定终点明显和分析结果误差小等优点。     

制备板状玻璃炭工艺中固化曲线的确定

固化处理是在玻璃炭制备工艺中很关键的阶段．在差热分析和热失重分析的基础上．建立了玻璃炭（GC）固化升温曲线，并与等速升温法作了比较．