W6Mo5Cr4V2/A100复合材料的制备及摩擦性能

为了提高A100钢的摩擦学性能,采用气雾化法制备纯A100钢粉末及分别添加10%、17%、23% W6Mo5Cr4V2高速钢的W6Mo5Cr4V2/A100合金粉末,再利用粉末冶金工艺制备W6Mo5Cr4V2/A100复合材料。研究不同含量W6Mo5Cr4V2钢对复合材料力学性能和摩擦性能的影响,并探讨其磨损机理。结果表明,随着W6Mo5Cr4V2钢含量的增加,复合材料的硬度先上升后下降,且摩擦因数和磨损率都有不同程度的降低,但是材料的密度和韧性都略微下降。当W6Mo5Cr4V2钢含量为17%时,复合材料的摩擦性能最优,这与其优异的微观结构和力学性能有着密不可分的关系。     

W6Mo5Cr4V2钢离子渗硫层与液体渗硫层的摩擦磨损性能对比

采用离子渗硫和液体渗硫技术分别在W6Mo5Cr4V2钢表面制备渗硫层,采用摩擦磨损试验、磨损表面形貌测量和EDS分析了两种渗硫层的摩擦磨损性能、磨痕形貌、磨损程度和渗层S含量的变化,并通过运转考核试验,从外观、尺寸检测和微观磨损形貌综合对比了离子渗硫件和液体渗硫件的稳定性和可靠性。结果表明,离子渗硫层的摩擦因数、寿命、磨痕最大深度、磨损面积和渗层中S含量等均等同或优于液体渗硫层。运转考核试验结果表明,离子渗硫和液体渗硫均可满足工件使用需要。     

高速钢与45~#钢摩擦焊接头的组织和性能

本文对三种高速钢(W6Mo5Cr4V2、W18Cr4V和W9Mo3Cr4V)与45~#钢摩擦焊焊接接头的组识和性能用金相分析和机械性能试验方法进行了研究。发现接头中无莱氏体相,机械性能也比闪光焊高。另外,W6Mo5Cr4V2钢中心区域的焊接强度比表面区域降低50％,其原因与钼的氧化有关。     

时间和粗糙度对4Cr5Mo2V钢离子氮化层高温磨损性能的影响

目的 提高4Cr5Mo2V钢离子氮化层的高温磨损性能.方法 以表面粗糙度(Ra)与氮化时间为变量,通过正交和单变量试验对4Cr5Mo2V钢进行离子氮化.使用显微硬度仪、光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、高温摩擦磨损试验机分别表征4Cr5Mo2V钢离子氮化层的表面硬度、显微硬度梯度、有效厚度、疏松度、物相及高温磨损性能,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和光学轮廓仪对渗层微观组织及高温摩擦磨损试样的磨损体积、磨痕形貌、截面形貌进行分析.结果 氮化6 h时,渗层表面硬度及有效厚度均随粗糙度增加而增大,但疏松度均在3—4级,渗层质量差且高温磨损性能不佳;氮化10 h时,离子氮化效果与氮化6 h时相反,且Ra为1.05μm的试样氮化层逐渐减薄至200μm,渗层疏松度进一步增加至5级;当氮化时间达到14 h时,Ra为0.15μm的试样获得质量最优的氮化层,其渗层有效厚度为300μm,显微硬度梯度为5级,渗层疏松度为1级,该试样在高温摩擦磨损试验下,磨损率比Ra为1.05μm的氮化试样低64％,高温磨损性能显著提高.结论 随着氮化时间的增加,表面粗糙度的增大会造成4Cr5Mo2V钢离子氮化层的减薄及疏松度的增加,使其高温磨损性能变差.表面粗糙度为0.15μm的4Cr5Mo2V钢经14 h氮化后,离子氮化层质量最佳,渗层的高温磨损性能有效提高.     

钛合金表面辉光离子渗Mo合金化层在航空煤油环境中的摩擦学行为(英文)

为改善钛合金在航空煤油中的摩擦学性能,采用辉光离子渗技术在Ti6Al4V合金表面制备Mo合金化层。分析合金化层的表面形貌和微观结构,测试合金化层的显微硬度和元素沿层深的分布,对比研究钛合金基体、渗Mo合金化层和5CrMnMo工具钢在航空煤油中分别与GCr15钢及QSn4-3铜合金配副对磨时的耐磨性能,并探讨渗Mo合金化层的表面粗糙度对摩擦磨损行为的影响。结果表明:经表面抛光处理后,钛合金表面辉光离子渗Mo合金化层不仅显著降低了钛合金的摩擦因数,而且有效增强了摩擦配副的耐磨性。渗Mo合金化层的摩擦性能优于5CrMnMo工具钢。实验还发现铜合金配副的磨损体积损失与Mo合金化层的表面粗糙度成正比,这主要是由合金化层与配副表面之间微凸体的磨粒磨损作用决定的。     

TC4合金在不同摩擦体系中磨损性能的研究

对TC4合金在TC4/GCr15和TC4/W6Mo5Cr4V2摩擦体系中的磨损行为及磨损特征进行了研究。利用SEM、EDS以及XRD等对合金磨面和剖面形貌、成分及结构进行了观察与分析。结果表明:两种摩擦体系中,在25℃,TC4合金的磨损率均较高,磨损性能很差;在400℃,合金在TC4/W6Mo5Cr4V2摩擦体系中的磨损率远大于TC4/GCr15摩擦体系中的;在600℃,TC4合金的磨损率均较低,且在TC4/GCr15摩擦体系中的磨损率低于TC4/W6Mo5Cr4V2摩擦体系中的。在400和600℃,磨盘材料对合金的磨损率具有不同的影响。磨损率的降低与磨损表面的氧化物数量有关,当磨损表面形成大量氧化物且能稳定存在时,磨损率极低,具有优异的耐磨性。     

两种常用高速钢刀具材料脉冲放电强化层结构和性能的差异性对比分析

对两种常用高速钢刀具材料W6Mo5Cr4V2和W9Mo3Cr4V的脉冲放电强化工艺进行了实验研究,通过对强化层的检测发现,W6Mo5Cr4V2的强化层不论在硬度、耐磨性还是涂层厚度上都高于W9Mo3Cr4V;用XRD分析强化层结构时发现,两者强化层的主强化相明显不同,W6Mo5Cr4V2为W2C,而W9Mo3Cr4V却为Fe3W3C。这是因为材料中W含量不同所致;而两种材料的过热敏感性差异是导致厚度不同的主要原因。实验数据对比表明,W6Mo5Cr4V2高速钢显示出更好的综合强化效果。     

交流磁化处理对W6Mo5Cr4V2高速钢耐磨性能的影响

研究了不同交流磁化参数下W6Mo5Cr4V2高速钢的耐磨性能,并利用扫描电镜观察试样磨损后的表面形貌。结果表明:与未磁化试样相比,经磁化处理的W6Mo5Cr4V2高速钢试样的磨损量及摩擦系数均有一定程度的降低,但不同磁化参数对W6Mo5Cr4V2高速钢试样有较大影响,在磁化参数为2 Hz、45 s时试样的耐磨性能最好。磁化处理能够减轻高速钢的粘着磨损,磁场对磨屑的吸附是其减摩的重要原因。     

我国常用模具与美国、德国和日本钢号对照表

冷　作　模　具　钢热作模具钢中 T2 12 0 0T2 12 0 1T2 12 0 2T2 0 0 0 0T2 0 111T2 0 110T2 0 4 6 5T2 0 10 2T2 0 10 3Cr12Cr12MoVCr12Mo1V19Mn2VCrWMn 9CrWMn 6W6Mo5Cr4V 5CrMnMo 5CrNiMo美D3D2 0 2 0 1H4 2L6德X2 10Cr121.2 0 80X16 5CrMoV12X15 5CrVMo12 11.2 3791.2 84 210 5WCr610 0MnCrW41.2 5 105 5NiCrMoV61.2 713日SKD1SKD11SKD11SKS31SKS3SKT4热　作　模　具　钢塑料模具钢中 T2 0 2 80T2 0 30 0T2 0 30 3T2 0 5 0 1T2 0 5 0 2T2 0 5 2 0T2 2 0 2 03Cr2W 8V 8Cr34Cr3Mo3SiV 4Cr5MoSiV 4…     

高速钢W6Mo5Cr4V2回火温度与硬度的曲线拟合分析

利用同温回火试验,获得高速钢W6Mo5Cr4V2在不同条件下的回火硬度数据。采用牛顿插值拟合法,得到W6Mo5Cr4V2钢回火温度与回火硬度的函数关系式。该关系式不仅解释了钢的回火硬度变化的物理意义,还能方便地预测W6Mo5Cr4V2的回火硬度。有利于回火工艺的设计和优化。     

Structure and friction-reducing property of the sulfide layer produced by ion sulfuration

Sulfide layers with a certain thickness were made on the surface of 1045 and 52100 steels by means of the low-temperature ion sulfuration technique. Metallography, scanning electron microscope (SEM) + energy-dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), and x-ray diffraction (XRD) were adopted to analyze the structure of sulfide layers; the tribological properties of the layers lubricated by paraffin oil were also investigated on a reciprocating tester. The results showed that sulfide layer is porous, and its structure is mainly composed of FeS, FeS₂, and substrate phases. The sulfide layer possessed a remarkable friction-reducing effect; its friction coefficient was lower on average, by about 50%, than that of the surface without layer. With the increase of layer thickness, its friction coefficient was unchanged, and under low load conditions, its operational period was prolonged. Under the same experimental conditions, the operational period of sulfide layer on 52100 steel was longer than that on 1045 steel, and its friction coefficient was lower as well.     

FeS固体润滑涂层的结构分析及磨损行为比较

新型固体润滑剂FeS涂层的优异减摩耐磨性能与制备工艺密切相关，利用低温离子渗硫和高速火焰喷涂的方法制备了FeS固体润滑涂层。在MM-200和QP-100磨损实验机上对比研究了这两种涂层的摩擦磨损行为。利用XRD分析了涂层的相结构，用SEM观察了涂层的表面、截面及磨面形貌，用划痕仪测定了涂层与基体的结合力。结果表明，离子渗硫FeS涂层的减摩性和耐磨性更好，而热喷涂层的抗擦伤性更佳，这是两种FeS涂层的组织结构不同所致。     

不同基底上离子液体薄膜的制备及其摩擦学性能的研究

采用旋涂的方法在不同基底上制备离子液体(1-烯丙基-3-己基咪唑六氟磷酸盐)薄膜，用PF—PM动静摩擦试验机评价了薄膜的摩擦学性能。羟基化基底和乙烯基化基底上制备的薄膜同钢球对摩时，具有很低的摩擦因数和很长的耐磨寿命，该薄膜有可能作为低载荷下的减摩抗磨防护涂层。     

LZ50钢低温离子渗硫转动微动摩擦学性能研究

在LZ50钢表面进行低温离子渗硫处理,研究了渗硫层及LZ50钢基体在干态不同角位移幅值下的转动微动磨损行为.在对渗硫层及LZ50钢基体转动微动摩擦动力学特性分析的基础上,对其转动微动损伤行为进行了分析.结果表明:渗硫层结构主要由FeS和FeS2相组成;渗硫层及LZ50钢基体的转动微动运行区域强烈依赖于转动角位移幅值,呈现部分滑移和完全滑移两个微动区域,混合区未观察到,且渗硫层未改变LZ50钢基体的微动运行区域;在整个部分滑移区和滑移区的跑合阶段,由于渗硫层的固体润滑作用,使摩擦因数均低于LZ50钢基材;渗硫层可以显著降低基材的磨损,在部分滑移区损伤轻微,在滑移区的损伤机制主要表现为剥层、磨粒磨损和氧化磨损.     

Tribological behavior of magnetron sputtering CrMoN/MoS2 composite coatings

CrMoN composite coatings were deposited on the surface of the stainless steel by magnetron sputtering,then were treated by low temperature ion sulfuration.FESEM equipped with EDX was adopted to analyze the morphologies and compositions of the surface,cross-section and worn scar of the sulfuration layer.The valence states of the film surface were detected by XPS.The nano-hardness and nano-modulus of the layer were measured by a nano tester.The results of the friction and wear show that the CrMoN/MoS2 composite coating is a kind of ideal solid lubrication layer and possess an excellent antifriction and wear-resistance.     

Effect of nickel on ion-selective property of rust formed on low-alloying weathering steel

The effect of nickel on the ion-selective property of the rust layers formed on the low alloy weathering steels under marine atmosphere was investigated by an alternate wet-dry accelerated corrosion test.Four types of low-alloying steels with different Ni contents were prepared for the corrosion test.The rust formed at various stages of corrosion was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectra(EIS),electron microprobe analysis(EMPA) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Afterwards,the corrosion resistance property of the rust was studied in the light of the experimental results.It is shown that increasing Ni content has significantly improved the corrosion resistance of the low-alloying steels under marine atmosphere.Furthermore,it is noted that an evident cation-selective property emerges in the rust layers with the Ni content of the rust layers up to 1.82%.However,when the Ni content of steel the matrix is below 1.5%,it has little effect on the cation-selective property.The ratio of Ni content in between the rust layer and the steel substrate decreases with the increase of Ni content in the steel substrate and varies little as the corrosion proceeds.     

Microstructure,Mechanical Properties,and Unlubricated Sliding Wear Behavior of Air-Cooled MnSiCrB Cast Steels

Two medium carbon low-alloy MnSiCrB cast steels containing different Si contents (0.5 and 1.5 wt.%) were designed, and the effects of Si contents on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and unlubricated sliding wear behavior of the cast steels after air-cooling from 850 °C and subsequent tempering at 220 °C was studied. The results show that the microstructure of the cast steel containing 0.5 wt.% Si consists of granular bainite and lower bainite/martensite multi-phase. In the cast steel containing 1.5 wt.% Si, granular bainite was not observed. The microstructure consists of carbide-free bainite/martensite multi-phase. Excellent hardenability can be obtained at both low and high Si levels. The cast steel containing 0.5 wt.% Si exhibits excellent combination of strength, ductility, and impact toughness superior to the cast steel containing 1.5 wt.% Si. Also, the wear-resistance of the former steel is better than that of the latter in the unlubricated sliding wear condition. The air-cooled MnSiCrB cast steel containing low Si levels, with excellent mechanical properties and wear-resistance, is a potential high-performance and low-cost wear-resistant cast steel for unlubricated sliding wear condition.     

基于纳米晶的低温离子渗硫层油润滑条件下摩擦磨损性能

利用预压力滚压技术在堆焊修复层表面制备纳米晶层,用低温离子渗硫技术在纳米晶层表面制备Fe S固体润滑膜。利用CETR-3型多功能摩擦磨损试验机考察油润滑条件下堆焊层表面纳米晶/Fe S复合层的摩擦磨损性能。采用SEM、EDS、XRD和XPS对摩擦磨损前后的硫化层微观组织结构进行分析。结果表明:与原始低温离子渗硫层相比,基于纳米晶的渗硫层厚度增加了40%,硫化层更为密实,基于纳米晶的低温离子渗硫层摩擦因数明显降低,磨损量降低40%左右,承载能力明显提高。耐磨减摩性能提高是纳米晶层作用的结果,基于纳米晶的硫化层硫化物含量较高,Fe S相所占比例较高,高硬度的纳米晶层为表面润滑层起到良好的支撑,对于减摩性能的提高起到积极作用。     

高磁感取向硅钢中抑制剂质点硫化物与AIN析出形态的研究

采用透射电镜等试验方法，观察了两种温度１３８０℃及１３１０℃铸坯加热处理的高磁感取向硅钢中抑制剂质点的析出形态，证实较低温度处理时对硫化物的形态影响小，却促使ＡｌＮ析出更加细小，弥散，因此，提高了抑制剂质点对初次再结晶晶粒长大的抑制效果，这将有助于改善Ｈｉ－Ｂ钢的磁性能。     

45钢上几种表面涂层的微动损伤行为和机理研究

在ＳＲＶ微动试验机上研究了五种表面改性层：离子镀ＴｉＮ激光硬化,磁控溅射ＭｏＳ２离子渗流,电刷镀Ｎｉ－ＭｏＳ２的抗微动磨损性能,结果表明：以高硬度为特征的抗磨必性层,比低摩擦因数的减摩改性层,能更有效地改善基体４５钢的抗微动损伤性能,其微动损伤机制均为颗粒脱落,但由于各表面改性层性能的不同,共损伤过程亦有差别。