专利集锦

正一种低阶煤绝热热解装置申请号:201510017987.2申请日:2015-01-14一种低阶煤绝热热解装置是由装料斗、绝热干燥室、绝热干馏室、熄焦罐依次连通构成,其所述绝热干燥室与绝热干馏室直径大小相等;外围分别设置有与绝热干燥室和绝热干馏室相同温度的气体保温层;在绝热干燥室和绝热干馏室外围分别设置有外保温层。本装置结构简单,绝热效果好,煤料依靠重力下行,     

影响低温液体贮槽绝热性能的因素及改善

本文通过对影响低温液体贮槽绝热性能的各种因素的分析,阐述了影响低温液体贮槽绝热性能的因素及改善方法,以便于实际生产中选择最佳的绝热形式及结构,改善绝热性能,保证低温液体贮槽绝热性能。     

绝热涂层的传热分析

从绝热涂料的组成和涂层结构，分析了绝热涂层的传热机理与传热特点，为绝热涂料的配方设计、涂层绝热性能的改进提供参考依据。     

绝热硝化法生产硝基苯工艺概况

介绍了国内外绝热硝化工艺进展概况，并重点阐述了美国氰胺公司开发的绝热硝化工艺，及我国沈阳化工学院开发的新绝热硝化工艺，装有静态混合反应器的管道式绝热硝化工艺。     

绝热硝化法生产硝基苯工艺概况

介绍了国内外绝热硝化工艺进展概况．并重点阐述了美国氰胺公司开发的绝热硝化工艺，及我国沈阳化工学院开发的新绝热硝化工艺——采用静态混合反应器的管道式绝热硝化工艺。     

大体积混凝土绝热温升试验研究

采用自行设计的混凝土绝热温升测定仪，研究了不同胶凝材料体系混凝土的绝热温升和缓凝型高效减水剂对混凝土绝热温升的影响。研究表明：矿物掺合料的加入可以有效地降低混凝土的绝热温升，缓凝型高效减水荆可以有效减缓混凝土的放热过程。     

焊接绝热气瓶定期检验与评定问题

对焊接绝热气瓶的蒸发率和漏热量检测以及内胆材料的热冲击损伤进行试验研究,开发了焊接绝热气瓶绝热性能自动检测与信息系统.     

低温精馏装置的绝热结构设计

低温精馏装置运行效果受漏热影响较大,因此设计时必须考虑其低温绝热性能。低温装置的漏热方式主要有热传导、热辐射及热对流三种基本形式。低温绝热结构的设计则主要针对这三个方面设置相应的绝热结构。通过计算装置的漏热值,其中包括残余气体热传导引起的漏热、辐射传热产生的漏热及机械构件引起的漏热,来判定绝热结构设置的合理性。之后通过比较绝热结构设置前后的漏热值及参考以往的设计经验,确定了装置采用高真空辐射屏加多层绝热的低温绝热结构。然后对结构确定后的装置总体漏热值进行计算,确定该绝热结构的计算漏热值满足了设计输入的要求。最终通过本低温精馏装置长期稳定运行,实践证明采用该低温绝热结构满足了工程实际应用的要求。     

绝热式炸药爆热热量计绝热性能的测定方法

通过测试绝热式热量计量热体系的冷却常数,确定量热体系与周围环境进行的热交换量,以此来衡量绝热量热仪的绝热性能.介绍了绝热式量热体系冷却常数及量热体系与周围环境热交换量的测试方法.通过测量绝热量热体系与周围环境的热交换量可以比较绝热量热仪绝热性能的好坏,找出影响热交换量的试验因素.通过调节试验条件及试验配置,选择最合理的试验环境,减小量热体系与周围环境的热交换可以提高测量炸药爆热的试验准确度.还可根据热交换量的大小来判断量热体系设备配置的合理性.     

低温绝热

本文扼要介绍了低温绝热技术在生产和设计科研方面所起的作用和低温绝热系统选择时应该考虑的因素,并较详细地介绍了各种低温绝热系统的形式和特点。着重于一般概念性的说明,附有部分数据及计算示例以说明不同绝热方式的效果。     

太阳能吸热涂层的研究现状

综述了我国近年来太阳能吸热涂层的研究现状，包括非选择性涂层和选择涂层两大类，其中选择性涂层又可分为电镀涂层，阳极化涂层，真空镀膜涂层和选择性涂料层。，     

乙烯精馏塔热泵系统技术分析

分析影响乙烯塔热泵系统综合功能的主要因素，对比评价目前国内已投产乙烯装置中不同的乙烯塔热泵技术优劣。     

Heat exchangers corrosion protection by using organic coatings

Corrosion phenomena in aluminium heat exchangers represent a problem in terms of durability and efficiency of thermal exchange. This work evaluates the barrier properties of two coatings that represent the state of the art for the protection in the heat, ventilating, air conditioning/refrigerating field (HVAC/R): electrophoretic coating (E-coating) using epoxy resin and spraying of polyurethane coating with addition of metallic pigments. The ability of the coatings to cover the surface of heat exchanger has been evaluated by means of optical microscopy in order to highlight critical zones of the system for the application of the coatings. The electrochemical behaviour of coated heat exchangers has been studied by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 3.5% NaCl solution. The local electrochemical behaviour of coating defects has been investigated using the electrochemical micro-cell, which enables to perform potentiodynamic polarization measurements on single defects. E-coatings evidenced difficulties to provide uniform thickness of the coating at the extremities of the fins. Spraying of the polyurethane coating containing pigments require particular care in order to fully cover zones of the heat exchanger with difficult accessibility. The electrochemical behaviour of coated heat exchangers is affected by the existence of defects in the coatings.     

Electrochemical study of the in vitro degradation of plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite/bioactive glass composite coatings after heat treatment

Hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated implants plasma-sprayed on metallic substrates have been widely used in load-bearing applications. In the present work, the in vitro behaviors of bioactive glass-containing HA coatings with post-deposition heat treatment in a simulated body fluid has been performed by means of electrochemical techniques. Annealing of the coatings in air at 650 °C led to recrystallization of amorphous calcium phosphate and effectively increased the conversion of non-apatite phases into apatite. The heat treatment also resulted in a reduction of layer defects associated with plasma-sprayed coatings without adversely affecting bond strength of the coatings. Moreover, the heat-treated coatings significantly increased the corrosion potential and polarization resistance value by approximately two times as compared to untreated samples. Improved corrosion resistance could be attributed to reduction of layer defects and enhancement of coating crystallinity.     

Effects of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of TiC/TiB composite bioinert ceramic coatings in-situ synthesized by laser cladding on Ti6Al4V

To improve the wear resistance of titanium alloy, in this work, TiC/TiB composite bioinert ceramic coatings were synthesized in-situ via laser cladding using Ti and B₄C mixed powders as precursor materials. And to decrease the impact of the excessive residual tensile stress generated by the uneven temperature distribution on the performance of coatings, the coatings were then subsequently heated for 3 h at different temperatures (400 °C, 600 °C, and 800 °C) and then air cooled. The effects of heat treatment on the microstructure, residual stress, micro-hardness, fracture toughness, and wear resistance of the coatings were investigated. The results showed that phase compositions and microstructure of the heat-treated coatings were virtually identical to that of the untreated coatings; however, the precipitation of acicular TiB enhanced mechanical properties of the heat-treated coatings. In addition, the average residual tensile stress values of the coatings decreased as the heat treatment temperature increased, which improved fracture toughness of the coatings from 3.95 to 4.68 MPa m^1/2. Moreover, wear resistance of the coatings was greatly enhanced by heat treatment; as the wear volume of the heat-treated coatings decreased by 50% at 800 °C compared with that of the untreated coatings. Lastly, the coatings showed good biocompatibility after being evaluated in vitro, and therefore had broad application prospects in the field of orthopedic implants.     

2010年热管技术展望

阐述了２０１０年我国热管技术发展的两大主题———推广应用和开发研究,介绍了目前国内外热管技术的研究动态和热管技术在工业中具有广阔应用前景的几个重要特点,概述了２０１０年完成并重点推广的几项新型热管设备。     

先进传热技术及其在焦化行业的应用

介绍了导热油、热管、热泵及表面蒸发式空冷等先进传热技术在焦化企业的应用。先进传热技术能提高能源利用效率,降低综合能耗,在焦化企业中取得了良好应用效果。加快推广先进传热技术是我国焦化行业节能减排的有效途径。     

Effect of heat treatment of nanodiamonds on the scratch behavior of polyacrylic/nanodiamond nanocomposite clear coats

In the current paper, effects of heat treatment of nanodiamond particles on the scratch behavior of polyacrylic/diamond nanocomposite coatings were studied. Two types of nanodiamond, i.e. one produced by detonation synthesis (DND) and the other produced by nondetonation synthesis (NDND) were used as reinforcement phase to increase scratch resistance of polyacrylic base polymeric clear coat. Heat treatment was used as the surface modification route. Coatings containing both types of particles in two surface conditions (as-received and heat treated) were compared to each other and also to the neat polyacrylic coating. The results showed strong effect of heat treatment on scratch resistance of coatings based on the scratch width criterion. The effect of heat treatment was more pronounced on DND particles than on NDNDs. However the pendulum hardness showed a reverse trend.     

火焰喷涂型表面多孔管的性能研究

对比了火焰喷涂型表面多孔管和烧结型表面多孔管的制造方法,分析了这两种表面多孔管多孔涂层的表面形貌和涂层结合强度的差异,并对火焰喷涂型表面多孔管的沸腾传热性能进行了实验研究。     

Influence of heat treatment on alternant-layer structure and mechanical properties of Al2O3-TiO2-MgO coatings

Al₂O₃-TiO₂-MgO ceramic alternant layer coatings were prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying and heat treated at 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000?°C. The influence of heat treatment on microhardness, fracture toughness, and the structural evolution of the coatings on steel were investigated. Heat treatment promoted alternant layer interdiffusion within ceramic coatings, which could result a transformation from a lamellar morphology to mutual pinning. The interfacial diffusion between the bond coating and substrate was clearly demonstrated after heat treatment at different temperatures. Heat treatment also significantly affected the evolution of the hardness and fracture toughness. Temperature strongly affected the microhardness of the specimens, and the hardness arrived to the highest value at 1000?°C. The formation of a new Mg₂Al₆Ti₇O₂₅ phase and alternant layer mutual pinning were beneficial to hardness improvement, and heat treatment also significantly improved fracture toughness.