利用松焦油制新农药—灭蚧及其药效试验报告

柑桔是浙江省重要经济作物之一。危害柑桔果树的主要病虫害有:红蜡蚧壳虫、矢尖蚧、吹绵蚧、黑点蚧、糠片蚧、长白蚧、红黄蜘蛛、锈壁虱、地衣苔鲜、树脂病及霉病等。它们使柑桔产量降低,品质变差,树势衰退,严重时造成全株死亡。过去长期以来桔区群众习惯用传统的“松碱合剂”(亦称“松香碱”)来进行防治。由于“松碱合剂”的     

灭蚧农药试制成功

危害我省柑桔主要害虫——蚧类等,多年来习惯使用松碱合剂防治。松碱合剂的主要原料是老法生产的固体松脂加纯碱。近年来,由于都普遍采取新法采脂工艺,故生产与供应松碱合剂的矛盾越来越大。在毛主席的革命路线指引下,在各级党委的重视和领导下,我厂积极支援柑桔生产,于1973年开始,经过不断改进,终于以松焦油加烧碱,试制成新柑桔杀虫剂——灭蚧。并于1974～1975年先后在衢县、黄岩、临海、兰溪等地进行药效试验,证明是     

柑桔蚧壳虫、炭疽病的药剂防治适期

柑桔蚧壳虫 为害柑桔的蚧壳虫种类很多，主要有26种。其中矢尖蚧是为害柑桔的重要种群，也是防治的重点对象。     

西双版纳州橡胶蚧壳虫大面积暴发

2004年西双版纳州橡胶树大面积暴发蚧壳虫，危害面积达l-3万hm^2，被害胶树的枝叶密布龟壳状蜡质蚧壳．叶片发黄、萎缩、干枯、死亡，并导致煤烟病发生．严重影响橡胶树的正常生长及干胶产量。     

10%吡虫啉可湿性粉剂防治柑桔褐圆蚧田间药效试验

应用吡虫啉防治柑桔褐圆蚧，结果表明，１０％吡虫啉可湿性粉剂１０～３０ｇ／６６７ｍ＾２对该虫具有较强的控制作用，尤以２０～３０ｇ效果最为理想，控制期长达３０天以上，对柑桔及其主要天敌瓢虫和草蛉安全性好。     

无公害农药防治柿绒蚧、龟蜡蚧试验

柿绒蚧，龟蜡蚧是柿树病虫害防治中的两大顽固性害虫。通过试验，已初步探索出经济有效的无公害防治措施。用1．8％的阿维菌素(爱福丁)、0．3％的阿维菌素(菜虫立灭)防治初孵若虫．防治效果达99．6％和99．4％。     

灭多威对麦长管蚜,甘蓝夜蛾等的药效试验

作者于１９８９￣１９９４年用２４％灭多威水剂对甘肃省农作物上的５种主要害虫进行了药效试验，结果表明，在麦长管蚜始盛期、甘蓝夜蛾幼虫３龄期、柑桔吹绵蚧若虫始盛期、桃树桑白盾蚧和杏毛球蚧卵孵化盛期用灭多威１５００倍液、２５００倍液、１０００倍液、２０００倍液喷雾，田间虫量大时，隔７天再喷一次，能有效控制其为害。     

啶虫脒防治柑桔蚜虫的田间药效试验

试验结果表明：3％啶虫脒EC（江西正邦）5000、4000、3000倍液3种剂量，及对照药剂3％啶虫脒EC（沙隆达）4000倍液，对柑桔蚜虫药后1、3、5、7、14d的防效均大于93．03％。     

氧化乐果可以防治柑桔红蜡蚧

红蜡蚧是柑桔上的主要害虫,遍及全国各柑桔产区。柑桔被害后,影响正常的光合作用,抽梢量减少,枯枝多,树势衰退,降低果实品质和产量。经过几年来的试验,肯定了氧化乐果是防治红蜡蚧的有效药剂。 40％氧化乐果是一种触杀性内吸杀虫剂,虽口服毒性稍高(大鼠LD_(50)50毫克/公斤),但接触毒性较低(大鼠经皮LD_(50)1000毫克/公斤);且在植物体内能很快降解。使用方法是,应用40％氧化乐果500～1000倍水稀释,喷雾两次,于5月下旬幼蚧上梢盛期和6月底幼蚧上梢末期,     

几种农药对美洲斑潜蝇的防治效果

测定了5％氟虫脲DC、1％氟虫脲OL、25％灭幼脲EC、2．4％苦叁碱．氯氰菊酯EC、50％灭蝇胺SP、10％灭蝇胺ME对美洲斑潜蝇幼虫的田间防效，试验结果表明，氟虫脲、灭蝇胺可较好地控制美洲斑潜蝇的危害，而灭幼脲，苦参碱．氯氰菊酯对美洲班潜蝇的防效较差，不宜单独用于防治美洲斑潜蝇幼虫。     

Studies on the Interaction of Arabic (Acacia senegal) and Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) Cum as Emulsion Stabilizing Agents for Spray-Dried Encapsulated Orange Peel Oil

ABSTRACT

The encapsulation properties of pure mesquite and arabic gum powders and mixtures thereof with orange peel oil were measured. The highest rate of encapsulated oil was found to be 93.5 % for a ratio of 60.40% of arabic to mesquite gums. Pure arabic gum preparations were able to encapsulate similar amounts of the oil. Sensory evaluvation of the microencapsulates showed no significant differences (a≤.05) in flavor intensity beween orange peel oil encapsulated with pure arabic gum and mixtures containing mesquite gum.     

基于响应曲面法的磁性离子交换树脂去除甲基橙和刚果红的优化

选取树脂用量、溶液初始pH值、吸附质浓度和吸附时间四个因素，用Box-Behnken响应曲面法分别建立了甲基橙和刚果红在磁性离子交换(MIEX)树脂上吸附的二次多项式回归模型，使用方差及显著性分析证明了回归方程的可靠性。优化了MIEX树脂去除甲基橙和刚果红的工艺参数，探究了最佳工艺条件下MIEX树脂对甲基橙(刚果红)的去除效果。使用NaCl再生饱和吸附后的MIEX树脂，用扫描电镜对吸附前后的树脂进行表征。结果表明，在最优工艺条件下，MIEX树脂对甲基橙和刚果红的去除率最高可达99.12%和98.29%。溶液初始pH值和树脂用量之间的交互作用对MIEX树脂去除甲基橙和刚果红有显著影响。NaCl溶液对MIEX树脂的再生效果显著。     

Physico‐Mechanical and Antibacterial Properties of Pine Gum/Epoxy Composites with/without Silver Nanoparticles

Silver nanoparticles/polymer composite (Ag‐NPs/PC) may eventually be biodegradable, sustainable, or burned without production of lethal by‐products and can be utilized as packaging and biomedical device applications. Nanoparticles engaged in pine gum (resin and rosin) are preserved for months without any significant effect on particle size and distribution. This paper focuses on the pine gum/epoxy composites with and without silver nanoparticles fabricated by a hand lay‐up technique. Silver nanoparticles are fixed at 0.37% and pine gum varies from 2 to 24% by weight to acquire the best mechanical and wear properties. The result indicates that Ag‐NPs with pine gum (23.7 wt% resin &13.3 wt% rosin) has the best tensile and impact strength reaching a gain of 51.34% and 53.68% simultaneously. Hardness is noted most extreme 17.92% at Ag‐NPs sample (7.4 wt% resin and 3.7 wt% rosin) and wear resist behavior is best noted with neat pine gum/epoxy composite. The antibacterial assay of the Ag‐NPs is done against Escherichia coli and noted that the zone of inhibition is found to be 1.6 cm as compared to inhibition of 0.4 cm for pine gum reaching an advance of 75%. The various arrangements are enhanced and sited on the basis of TOPSIS technique.     

枫香采脂创伤性树胶道的形成及显微观察

对广西、江西、贵州3地的试验枫香树(Liquidambar formosana Hance)进行了创伤性树胶道的形成及其显微观察研究。在未经创伤的枫香木质部中未见创伤性树胶道,但在割脂创伤作用下,3地的枫香木材均产生了创伤性树胶道,说明割脂是创伤性树胶道形成的必要条件;创伤性树胶道数量与枫脂得率成正比,生成的树胶道越多,枫脂得率越高;由于地理位置不同,3个地区的枫香树在相同创伤作用下产生的创伤性树胶道数量存在差异,江西枫香产生的创伤性树胶道的数量最多,有4～5排,贵州2排,广西仅1排;割脂后创伤性树胶道在树干圆周上的分布情况,因割口位置不同而各不相同,宽度为5～10cm的割口,大致可影响到割口位点两侧共1/4圆周范围的形成层,致使其产生创伤性树胶道。     

UTILIZATION OF MESQUITE ( Prosopis julijlora) GUM AS EMULSION STABILIZING AGENT FOR SPRAY-DRIED ENCAPSULATED ORANGE PEEL OIL

Abstract

Orange peel oil was microencapsulated. Mesquite gum and its performance for producing spray-dried powders was compared to emulsions prepared with gum arabic. Average oil droplet size of mesquite gum capsules was smaller than that of gum arabic. Emulsions made with mesquite gum showed better stability than those made with gum arabic. Encapsulation capacity of mesquite gum was found to be 80.5 % of the starting oil whereas gum arabic was able to encapsulate 93.5 %. Sensory evaluation showed that there was not significant difference (α<0.05) in flavor intensity between orange peel oil encapsulated with the two emulsifiers.     

水性多彩涂料的研发及应用

采用天然高分子瓜尔胶为凝胶物质,制备了水性多彩涂料.通过实验发现,高黏度瓜尔胶形成的有色凝胶粒子比低黏度瓜尔胶形成的有色凝胶粒子稳定性好;玻璃化转变温度低的树脂乳液有利于本体系凝胶粒子对色浆的包裹.通过对比,筛选出了3种牌号瓜尔胶和乳液,制得具有良好装饰效果的水性多彩涂料.     

生漆的品质及其检验技术

生漆是一种天然涂料,其品质与产地、漆树品种、立地条件、采割时间、采割技术和贮存时间等有关。一般生漆中约含有漆酚40~80%,树胶质和含氮物6~14%,水分14~40%。生漆中各组成成分的变化,造成了生漆品质的差异。生漆检验主要依据其表观特征以及各组分的含量差异,通过看漆质、闻气味、煎分数、试燥性、测含量判定品质之优劣。一般而言,生漆乳液分层愈明显,转色愈快,漆酚含量愈高,生漆品质愈佳。掺有异物的生漆具异象,漆酚含量通常较低。     

户外像素管软质灌注胶的研制与应用

采用脂环族环氧树脂、柔韧性环氧树脂、改性脂环胺类固化剂为主要原料，研制出户外像素管灌注软胶，产品具有耐紫外线辐照、耐冷热冲击、粘接性好等特点。介绍其制备方法、性能及用。     

A new approach to investigate relationships between certain instrumentally measured appearance parameters and their visually perceived equivalents in the automotive industry

Appearance control has continuously been a major challenge to the automotive industry. In order to implement a consistent control on the appearance of automotive finishes, objective measurement of various appearance attributes such as gloss, distinctness of image, orange peel, etc., is indispensable to the automotive manufacturers. In the present study, attempts were made to find the correlation between visually perceived and instrumentally measured appearance of achromatic automotive finishes. To this end, three physical scales of appearance attributes, namely specular gloss, distinctness of image, and orange peel were prepared using a series of metallic black, metallic gray, metallic silver, and solid white automotive finishes. The samples were visually evaluated by a panel of 16 observers, by utilizing an also prepared lightness scale, in a light cabinet having a 45/0 illumination/observation geometry. The innovative use of a common lightness scale in the present study showed that there is a surprisingly good correlation between instrumentally measured specular gloss, distinctness of image, and Wave scan LW and Wd parameters, and the corresponding visually evaluated data at the four investigated achromatic levels.     

On the Palladium-On-Charcoal Disproportionate of Rosin

Abstract

Changes in the composition of gum rosin during disproportionate in the presence of 5% palladium-on-charcoal have been determined by gas chromatography. The principal reaction product was dehydro-abietic acid. The exocyclic vinyl group of the pimaric/isopimaric-type resin acids was hydrogenated completely. Only a small amount of dihydroabietic acids was formed. Eight dihydro resin acids were identified. No tetrahydro resin acids were observed.