一种提高阵列处理分辨力的新算法

为了改进分辨力,本文提出了一种新的阵处理方法,此法基于一种新的阵几何与空间滤波器,这种阵几何有效地增加了阵孔径,为了避免空间频率的混叠,空间滤波器能提高有效信噪比(SNR)。模拟结果表明本文方法较之现有谱估计方法有明显改进。     

Virtual array synthesis method for planar array antennas

A new array antenna synthesis method, which we call the virtual array synthesis method, is presented. In this method, the excitation values of a virtual array are synthesized using some known synthesis method. The geometry of the virtual array can be chosen so that there will be a suitable synthesis method for that geometry and the synthesis of the virtual array can be done accurately enough. In the synthesis method presented, the excitation values of the virtual array are transformed into the excitation values of the actual array geometry. Matrix operations are simple and large arrays can be easily synthesized     

A filter array based on the variable period grating array and Fabry-Perot resonator

An integration method of grating array with different periods and Fabry-Perot（FP）resonator with an all-dielectric single-cavity is proposed.It is based on the capacity of spatial separation of spectral component by the grating and band-pass characteristics of filter to achieve the multi-pass band filtering.The filtering response can be tuned by changing the period of the grating rather than the cavity length of the filter.Theoretically,the relationship of the grating period and the peak wavelength is obtained by using the transfer matrix method（TMM）.The device is analyzed by adopting the finite-difference time-domain（FDTD）method.The filter array can cover the wavelengths ranging from850 nm to 950 nm with the full-width at half-maximum（FWHM）of 11-28 nm,and is suitable for the integration of the micro-filter array and the detectors.     

相控阵AEW雷达杂波抑制的非均匀处理方法研究

非均匀环境对空时自适应处理(STAP)是一个挑战.采用一种先直接数据域(DDD)STAP后统计STAP处理的非均匀杂波干扰抑制级联算法,这种级联算法能有效补偿由DDD算法的空时孔径损失而引起的性能损失.此外,还提出了一种新的信号滤除方法,它可以用于实际AEW雷达系统的信号滤除.计算机仿真数据和某实测数据的处理结果验证了此方法的有效性.     

基于阵列单通道的机动目标DOA跟踪方法

针对现有利用阵列单通道系统对机动目标跟踪精度不高,实时性差等不足,提出了一种新的基于改进粒子滤波算法的阵列单通道机动目标波达方向(direction of arrival, DOA)跟踪方法。该方法首先在利用接收机轮流采样建立数学模型的基础上,建立跟踪模型。然后,利用粒子群优化算法对马尔科夫链蒙特卡罗(Markov Chain Monte Carlo, MCMC)粒子滤波算法的重采样环节进行优化处理,给出了一种交互MCMC粒子滤波算法,该算法克服了传统粒子滤波算法粒子退化及样本贫化的固有缺陷。最后利用该算法求解跟踪方程,实现了实时DOA估计。理论分析与仿真结果表明,本文方法可实现基于阵列单通道的DOA跟踪与波束形成一体化,且能够处理相干信号,与标准粒子滤波和子空间类算法相比,收敛速度快,跟踪精度高。      

Wide-band adaptive array processing using pole-zero digital filters

Conventional broad-band array processing is accomplished by linearly combining the outputs of tapped-delay lines attached to each sensor of an array. This type of processing can be interpreted as using an all-zero digital filter at each sensor to generate a frequency-dependent magnitude and phase shift (weighting) over the array operating bandwidth. A new array processing method is presented which uses digital filters having both poles and zeros to perform the frequency-dependent array weighting. Several algorithms for adapting the pole-zero array filters are introduced. Computer simulations are then presented demonstrating the potential for substantial improvement in broad-band interference nulling provided by pole-zero array processing.     

非周期扩频系统中基于均匀圆阵的角度和时延的联合估计

该文通过空域匹配滤波器,将阵元空间中的均匀圆阵转化为波束空间中的均匀线阵,并将时空匹配滤波器的输出转换到频域,利用 DOA Matrix方法解决了非周期扩频系统中均匀圆阵条件下多径信号的角度和时延的联合估计问题及常规空域处理方法中多径数不能大于阵元数的问题。理论分析和仿真实验结果表明,该方法是一种无偏估计,且其估计精度远远高于滑动相关方法。     

自成像共焦腔一维光纤激光阵列相干合成的实验研究

利用自成像共焦腔,开展了一维光纤激光阵列相干合成的实验研究,实现了掺Yb3+双包层光纤激光阵列的相位锁定,得到了基于一维光纤激光阵列自成像共焦腔的远场强度分布图样。根据其数学模型及理论计算,合理选择了空间滤波器宽度,验证了空间滤波器在合成激光不同位置对不同相干成分模式所引入的损耗抑制作用,从实验上证实了空间滤波器在相干合成中实现模式选择的机理。     

A graphical technique for determining optimal array antenna geometry

A new graphical technique is presented for determining the optimal face tilt and element packing geometry for planar, phased-array antennas with scan limits specified in earth's coordinates. The technique, although very simple to implement, is instructive in that it clearly shows, on one graph, the relationships between required azimuth and elevation scan limits, the element packing geometry, the grating lobe locations, grating lobe scan boundaries, the maximum off-axis scan angle, and the array face tilt angle. The technique can be used to design the array to either minimize the maximum scan off-axis scan requirement or to minimize the total number of elements in the array. Examples are presented that clearly show the two designs are not the same. It is shown that the grating lobe scan boundary (GLB) for a particular array geometry can easily be constructed in sine-space by drawing unit circles centered at six grating lobe locations nearest to the origin of the sine-space plane. Equations are presented for drawing the required scan boundary (RSB) in earth's coordinates for the array with its face tilted back from the vertical. The ability to simply construct the RSB and GLB on the same sine-space plot makes it very simple to choose the tilt angle and element geometry that either minimizes the area in the GLB or the maximum off-axis scan requirement for a given RSB.     

Accurate DOA estimation using array antenna with arbitrary geometry

The so called universal steering vector (USV) whose locus is equivalent to the array element pattern is applied to the direction of arrival (DOA) estimation by multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm. It is shown that if the USV which includes the effect of the mutual coupling between the array elements is used, the compensation for the received voltage to remove the effect of the mutual coupling is not required any more. The USV for array antennas with arbitrary geometry is derived and evaluated efficiently by using the method of moments (MoM) so that the DOA estimation can be performed accurately by using the array antenna with arbitrary geometry. Numerical examples of the DOA estimation by a dipole array antenna, and an antenna array composed of a monopole antenna and a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) mounted on a mobile handset are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

基于均匀圆阵的低运算量时空二维Rake接收机实现方法

本文通过引入阵列天线，将传统的1－D Rake接收机推广到了时空域。在均匀圆阵条件下，提出了一种时空二维搜索和跟踪算法，避免了耗时的信号来波方向（DOA）的估计；采用一种适用于CDMA系统的与数据无关的空域滤波器，降低了进行空域滤波器优化的运算量。与基于最优空域滤波器的方法相比，在用户数较大时，本文方法抑制干扰和噪声的能力逼近空域优化方法，而其运算量小于空域优化方法。与具有相当运算量的波束切换方法相比，由于本文中的时空跟踪器能使波束的主瓣始终对准用户来波方向，其抑制干扰和噪声的性能优于波束切换方法。本文最后以数值仿真实验验证了上述结论。     

New systolic array for realising second-order recursive digital filters

A new systolic array for the realisation of a second-order recursive digital filter is presented. The systolic array is derived from a transformed digital transfer function. In so doing, a high throughput and regular systolic array consisting of only one type of basic cell can be derived.     

基于时空结构的阵列信号三维参数同时估计方法

提出了一种针对空间非相关窄带信号源的中心频率、方位角和俯仰角三维参数的同时估计方法。该方法通过对均匀双平行线阵时域采样构造虚拟阵元，然后结合空域采样数据构造时空DOA矩阵，对DOA矩阵进行特征分解，利用分解得到的特征值和特征向量估计出信号源的三维参数。该方法不需要进行谱峰搜索，运算量小，能实现频率、方位角和俯仰角的同时估计与自动配对，具有较高的分辨率，且能估计出比阵元数多的信号源的参数，给出的计算机仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

Spatio-spectral color filter array design for optimal image recovery

In digital imaging applications, data are typically obtained via a spatial subsampling procedure implemented as a color filter array-a physical construction whereby only a single color value is measured at each pixel location. Owing to the growing ubiquity of color imaging and display devices, much recent work has focused on the implications of such arrays for subsequent digital processing, including in particular the canonical demosaicking task of reconstructing a full color image from spatially subsampled and incomplete color data acquired under a particular choice of array pattern. In contrast to the majority of the demosaicking literature, we consider here the problem of color filter array design and its implications for spatial reconstruction quality. We pose this problem formally as one of simultaneously maximizing the spectral radii of luminance and chrominance channels subject to perfect reconstruction, and-after proving sub-optimality of a wide class of existing array patterns-provide a constructive method for its solution that yields robust, new panchromatic designs implementable as subtractive colors. Empirical evaluations on multiple color image test sets support our theoretical results, and indicate the potential of these patterns to increase spatial resolution for fixed sensor size, and to contribute to improved reconstruction fidelity as well as significantly reduced hardware complexity.     

空间滤波预处理法及其在单次快摄阵处理中的应用

本文提出了一种基于空间滤波预处理的阵处理方法,旨在提高现有谱估计方法的分辨力。此法大大地提高了有效的信噪比(SNR)和自相关矩阵的估计精度。文中将此法应用于单次快摄的阵处理。模拟结果表明,用新方法可得到比用现有谱估计方法更好的结果。     

Constrained optimisation technique for general array patternsynthesis

A new technique for controlling the sidelobe level for general array pattern synthesis is presented. The basic idea is to introduce a weighting function to the performance index based on the integral of the power response over the sidelobe regions. This function more heavily weights the array power response further away from the mainlobe, so that in the minimisation of the integral of the weighted power response over the sidelobe regions, very low sidelobes can be achieved. The resulting beam pattern is highly directional. Numerical results show that the proposed technique is very effective for general array geometry sidelobe control design     

Blind separation of synchronous co-channel digital signals using anantenna array. I. Algorithms

We propose a maximum-likelihood (ML) approach for separating and estimating multiple synchronous digital signals arriving at an antenna array at a cell site. The spatial response of the array is assumed to be known imprecisely or unknown. We exploit the finite alphabet property of digital signals to simultaneously estimate the array response and the symbol sequence for each signal. Uniqueness of the estimates is established for BPSK signals. We introduce a signal detection technique based on the finite alphabet property that is different from a standard linear combiner. Computationally efficient algorithms for both block and recursive estimation of the signals are presented. This new approach is applicable to an unknown array geometry and propagation environment, which is particularly useful In wireless communication systems. Simulation results demonstrate its promising performance     

线性调频信号2-D到达角估计的虚拟阵元法

通过原始数据的共轭重排构造了虚拟阵列，利用实际阵列与虚拟阵列的互Wigner-Ville分布建立了新的空间时频分布，并给出了基于子空间投影和L-阵列的线性调频信号2-D到达角估计算法。理论分析和仿真实验证明了算法的有效性。     

分布式嵌套阵列及其DOA估计

提出了一种分布式嵌套阵列天线结构,由两个相互独立的四级嵌套子阵构成。两个子阵间存在一个基线长度,且满足一定条件。对该阵列天线接收到的信号进行高阶累积量和Khatri-Rao积运算可以得到三个完全相同的均匀直线阵列天线结构。针对新得到的阵列天线结构,使用基于空间平滑技术的双尺度酉旋转不变子空间( ESPRIT)波达方向( DOA)估计算法对信号进行DOA估计。该方法可以有效地提高阵列天线的自由度,进而达到提高估计精度的目地。仿真结果证明了基于所提出阵列天线结构的DOA估计方法的有效性。     

The impact of sensor positioning on the array manifold

A framework is presented in this study which analyzes the importance of each sensor in an antenna array based on its location in the overall geometry. Moving away from the conventional methods of measuring sensor importance by means of application-specific criteria, a new approach, based on the array manifold and its differential geometry, is used to measure the significance of each sensor's position in an array. By considering two-dimensional manifolds (function of azimuth and elevation angles) of planar arrays of isotropic sensors, and by using previously established results on the differential geometry of such manifolds, a sensitivity analysis is performed which leads to characterization and quantification of sensor location importance in an array geometry. Based on this framework, a criterion is developed for assessing an overall geometry. This criterion may be used as a figure of merit for comparing diverse array geometries.